The use of herbs in cosmetics and different formulations are observed from centuries. Due to the antioxidant activity, herbs and herbal formulations show great potential. There potential is used to treat different skin diseases and improve skin appearance is well known. As UV radiation causes, lower immunity against infections, premature aging, sunburns, wrinkles, the best solution is to prevent the UV radiation and avoid side effects. Antioxidants such as vitamin C, vitamin E flavonoids and phenolic acids perform a very important role in fighting against free radical species, which cause numerous negative skin changes. The isolated plant compounds as well as herbs as a whole have a high potential in the skin protection. The main rationale behind formulating the emulsions are new pharmaceutical formulations of some emulsified plant extracts or pure phytochemicals can also prettify the skin as well as reduce a number of degenerative diseases as well as skin conditions such as skin inflammation, skin cancers or skin aging. The ongoing challenge is to determine qualitatively and quantitatively, phytochemicals which are encapsulated into emulsions are very more efficient and safest. Mansi Kandge | Trupti Shinde | Dr. Amit Kasbe "Novel Drug Approach: Skin - Aging Benefits of Phytotheraupeutic Emulsions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-4 , June 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50104.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/pharmaceutics/50104/novel-drug-approach-skin--aging-benefits-of-phytotheraupeutic-emulsions/mansi-kandge
A Review Herbal Drugs Used in Skin DisorderYogeshIJTSRD
The human bodys skin is an organ that allows it to interact with the environment while also shielding it from harmful external influences. People of all ages suffer from skin diseases all over the world. Its vital to keep your skin in good form for a healthy physique. Plants have been employed in some form or another since the beginning of time. This research has highlighted some prevalent skin disease issues, as well as the herbals utilized in disease therapy and the various formulations accessible in the pharmaceutical industry. Some medicinal plants have been shown to be quite effective in removing or reducing skin infection disorders. Chandramita Borah | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "A Review: Herbal Drugs Used in Skin Disorder" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45118.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45118/a-review-herbal-drugs-used-in-skin-disorder/chandramita-borah
Our skin is at the mercy of many forces as we age: sun, harsh weather, and bad habits. But we can take steps to help our skin stay supple and fresh-looking.
This document discusses ways to achieve healthier, younger looking skin. It describes the three main causes of skin aging as photoaging from UV exposure, gravitational aging from tissue stretching, and volumetric aging from fat and muscle loss. The number one culprit for skin aging is identified as UV light. Ways to slow aging discussed include regular sunscreen use, antioxidants, retinoids, and the three R's - relax with botulinum toxin, refill with dermal fillers, and resurface with various laser and chemical peel procedures. Specific product recommendations and before/after photos are provided.
Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Herbal Antiaging Creamijtsrd
In this study creams were formulated based on the anti aging properties of herbal extracts and its evaluation. Ocimum tenuiflorum used as an active ingredients and extract as a Antibacterial property in these study cream are formulated by oil in water emulsion method. The cream were formulated with Aloeveragel, stearic acid, honey, Glycerin, olive oil, rose oil. The Stability for cream was performed at accelerated condition i.e. 40°C ± 2°C.If can be concluded that herbal creams without side effects having anti bacterial property can be used as provision of a barrier to protect the skin and avoid aging of the skin. Suchita Ghokhale | Dr. Smita T | Roshani Nimgire | Kashi S Ojha | Ujwala Namsale | Anam Mulla "Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Herbal Antiaging Cream" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50672.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/50672/formulation-development-and-evaluation-of-herbal-antiaging-cream/suchita-ghokhale
Granatin Q10 is a food supplement that claims to guarantee lasting youth and beauty. It contains powerful antioxidants like pomegranate extract, grape extract, vitamin C, vitamin E, and Q10 coenzyme. These ingredients work together to protect cells from free radicals, support collagen production, enhance blood circulation, and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. The combination of pomegranate extract and Q10 coenzyme in one formula provides unique synergistic antioxidant effects. Taking Granatin Q10 along with other Vision supplements can further support anti-aging, cardiovascular health, beauty, detoxification and overall wellness.
The Therapeutic Wound Healing activities of Various Medicinal PlantsAI Publications
This document discusses several medicinal plants that have therapeutic effects on wound healing. It begins by providing background on the skin and wound healing process. It then examines the wound healing properties of several plants, including Achillea millefolium (yarrow), Aloe vera, Curcuma longa (turmeric). For each plant, it discusses traditional uses, active phytochemical components that may contribute to wound healing, and results from studies on wound healing effects. The document aims to provide an overview of important herbal therapies for wounds and discuss their mechanisms of action.
Skin is the largest organ of the body. It assumes t a few critical physiological capacities and speaks to likewise a "social interface" between an individual and different individuals from society. This is the principle reason its age-subordinate alterations are in the front line of dermatological research and of the "anti-aging" cosmetic industry. Here we focus on a few perspectives just of skin aging, similarly as the phone and extracellular lattice segments of skin are concerned. Most very much considered instruments of skin maturing can be arranged at the post hereditary level, both epigenetic and post-translational components being included(1).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are little molecules got from oxygen particles including free oxygen radicals, for example, superoxide (O2⋅_), hydroxyl (⋅OH), epoxy (RO2⋅), and alkoxyl (RO_) and additionally hypochlorous corrosive (HOCl), ozone (O3), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are non-radicals. These non-radicals are either oxidizing operators or effectively changed over into radicals. Nitrogen-containing oxidants, for example, nitric oxide (NO.) peroxynitrite (ONOO.), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are called receptive nitrogen species (RNS) (2).
Receptive species or free radicals incorporate responsive oxygen and nitrogen species all in all and are called receptive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS). They are discharged from macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells because of a provocative boost. RONS are profoundly receptive because of the nearness of unpaired valence shell electrons or non-static bonds, and their legitimate control is key for a proficient resistant reaction and for constraining tissue harm (3).Reactive oxygen species, synthetically responsive atoms, containing oxygen, are framed as a characteristic result of the ordinary digestion of oxygen and have huge parts in cell flagging and homeostasis.
Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells. They are produced through normal cell processes and external factors like pollution and smoking. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a type of free radical involving oxygen. ROS can damage DNA and proteins, contributing to cancer development. ROS also cause oxidative stress, an imbalance that promotes carcinogenesis. Antioxidants may help prevent cancer by reducing oxidative stress, though some research indicates controlled oxidative stress through substances like vitamin C can also fight tumors. Curcumin in turmeric has shown anti-cancer effects by down-regulating inflammatory genes and enzymes linked to cancer.
A Review Herbal Drugs Used in Skin DisorderYogeshIJTSRD
The human bodys skin is an organ that allows it to interact with the environment while also shielding it from harmful external influences. People of all ages suffer from skin diseases all over the world. Its vital to keep your skin in good form for a healthy physique. Plants have been employed in some form or another since the beginning of time. This research has highlighted some prevalent skin disease issues, as well as the herbals utilized in disease therapy and the various formulations accessible in the pharmaceutical industry. Some medicinal plants have been shown to be quite effective in removing or reducing skin infection disorders. Chandramita Borah | Dr. Gaurav Kumar Sharma | Dr. Kaushal Kishore Chandrul "A Review: Herbal Drugs Used in Skin Disorder" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45118.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/45118/a-review-herbal-drugs-used-in-skin-disorder/chandramita-borah
Our skin is at the mercy of many forces as we age: sun, harsh weather, and bad habits. But we can take steps to help our skin stay supple and fresh-looking.
This document discusses ways to achieve healthier, younger looking skin. It describes the three main causes of skin aging as photoaging from UV exposure, gravitational aging from tissue stretching, and volumetric aging from fat and muscle loss. The number one culprit for skin aging is identified as UV light. Ways to slow aging discussed include regular sunscreen use, antioxidants, retinoids, and the three R's - relax with botulinum toxin, refill with dermal fillers, and resurface with various laser and chemical peel procedures. Specific product recommendations and before/after photos are provided.
Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Herbal Antiaging Creamijtsrd
In this study creams were formulated based on the anti aging properties of herbal extracts and its evaluation. Ocimum tenuiflorum used as an active ingredients and extract as a Antibacterial property in these study cream are formulated by oil in water emulsion method. The cream were formulated with Aloeveragel, stearic acid, honey, Glycerin, olive oil, rose oil. The Stability for cream was performed at accelerated condition i.e. 40°C ± 2°C.If can be concluded that herbal creams without side effects having anti bacterial property can be used as provision of a barrier to protect the skin and avoid aging of the skin. Suchita Ghokhale | Dr. Smita T | Roshani Nimgire | Kashi S Ojha | Ujwala Namsale | Anam Mulla "Formulation, Development and Evaluation of Herbal Antiaging Cream" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-5 , August 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd50672.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/pharmacy/other/50672/formulation-development-and-evaluation-of-herbal-antiaging-cream/suchita-ghokhale
Granatin Q10 is a food supplement that claims to guarantee lasting youth and beauty. It contains powerful antioxidants like pomegranate extract, grape extract, vitamin C, vitamin E, and Q10 coenzyme. These ingredients work together to protect cells from free radicals, support collagen production, enhance blood circulation, and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. The combination of pomegranate extract and Q10 coenzyme in one formula provides unique synergistic antioxidant effects. Taking Granatin Q10 along with other Vision supplements can further support anti-aging, cardiovascular health, beauty, detoxification and overall wellness.
The Therapeutic Wound Healing activities of Various Medicinal PlantsAI Publications
This document discusses several medicinal plants that have therapeutic effects on wound healing. It begins by providing background on the skin and wound healing process. It then examines the wound healing properties of several plants, including Achillea millefolium (yarrow), Aloe vera, Curcuma longa (turmeric). For each plant, it discusses traditional uses, active phytochemical components that may contribute to wound healing, and results from studies on wound healing effects. The document aims to provide an overview of important herbal therapies for wounds and discuss their mechanisms of action.
Skin is the largest organ of the body. It assumes t a few critical physiological capacities and speaks to likewise a "social interface" between an individual and different individuals from society. This is the principle reason its age-subordinate alterations are in the front line of dermatological research and of the "anti-aging" cosmetic industry. Here we focus on a few perspectives just of skin aging, similarly as the phone and extracellular lattice segments of skin are concerned. Most very much considered instruments of skin maturing can be arranged at the post hereditary level, both epigenetic and post-translational components being included(1).
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are little molecules got from oxygen particles including free oxygen radicals, for example, superoxide (O2⋅_), hydroxyl (⋅OH), epoxy (RO2⋅), and alkoxyl (RO_) and additionally hypochlorous corrosive (HOCl), ozone (O3), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which are non-radicals. These non-radicals are either oxidizing operators or effectively changed over into radicals. Nitrogen-containing oxidants, for example, nitric oxide (NO.) peroxynitrite (ONOO.), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are called receptive nitrogen species (RNS) (2).
Receptive species or free radicals incorporate responsive oxygen and nitrogen species all in all and are called receptive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS). They are discharged from macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells because of a provocative boost. RONS are profoundly receptive because of the nearness of unpaired valence shell electrons or non-static bonds, and their legitimate control is key for a proficient resistant reaction and for constraining tissue harm (3).Reactive oxygen species, synthetically responsive atoms, containing oxygen, are framed as a characteristic result of the ordinary digestion of oxygen and have huge parts in cell flagging and homeostasis.
Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells. They are produced through normal cell processes and external factors like pollution and smoking. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a type of free radical involving oxygen. ROS can damage DNA and proteins, contributing to cancer development. ROS also cause oxidative stress, an imbalance that promotes carcinogenesis. Antioxidants may help prevent cancer by reducing oxidative stress, though some research indicates controlled oxidative stress through substances like vitamin C can also fight tumors. Curcumin in turmeric has shown anti-cancer effects by down-regulating inflammatory genes and enzymes linked to cancer.
Babizhayev MA (2017) Treatment of Skin Aging and Photoaging with Innovative O...Mark Babizhayev
Babizhayev MA (2017) Treatment of Skin Aging and Photoaging with Innovative Oral Dosage Forms of Non-Hydrolized Carnosine and Carcinine. Int J Clin Dermatol Res. 5(5), 116-143.
Radioactive pollution is defined as the increase in the natural radiation levels caused by human activities. The human activities that can release radiation involve activities with radioactive materials such as mining, handling and processing of radioactive materials, handling and storage of radioactive waste, as well as the use of radioactive reactions to generate energy nuclear power plants , along with the use of radiation in medicine e.g. X rays and research. Dr Sangeeta Gautam | Vijay Aithekar "An Review Article on Radioactive Pollution" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26373.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/26373/an-review-article-on-radioactive-pollution/dr-sangeeta-gautam
WHAT WORKS FOR ONE PERSON, DOESN’T NECESSARILY WORK FOR ALL.
MEDICAL AESTHETICS IS NO EXCEPTION.
SPORTS AND EXERCISE IS NO EXCEPTION.
We are all different, both physically and genetically, and we are different in the way that we respond to aging, skincare and exercise. Some of these differences are due to our lifestyle and the environment we live in, but recent scientific advances have shown that VARIATIONS IN OUR DNA ALSO HAVE A BIG PART TO PLAY.
Although you can’t change your genetics, science now has proven you can dramatically change how your genes affect your skin.
Your DNA determines when you start showing signs of aging
how quickly and at what rate your concerns could worsen,
which is unique to you.
Genetics creates a new class of ANTI-AGING technology.
The luxury of a customized ANTI-AGING professional treatment PROGRAM made specifically for you.
Suisse Life Science use natively genetics and a report in order to provide you a DNA-personalized treatment.
NO MORE GUESSWORK, no more buying products that feel like they might help.
There is no one size fits all for our customers.
We replaced anti-aging guesswork with GENETICALLY-DESIGNED cosmeceuticals OTC (over-the-counter) and nutricosmetics supplements.
DNAge is scientifically-created to CALCULATE YOUR GENE-EXPRESSION AGE (younger or older than your birth-certificate age?)
www.idna.works
Study of the effectiveness of L ascorbic acid and vitamin a in the treatment ...Kim Johnson
This study examined the effectiveness of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and vitamin A (retinol) in treating skin damage from sun exposure. A clinical trial of 45 participants applied vitamin C to one side of the face and vitamin A to the other for 6 weeks. Vitamin C was more effective at reducing pigmentation, while vitamin A improved skin moisture content and slightly reduced fine lines. However, neither antioxidant completely repaired or removed permanent sun damage. While antioxidants can help maintain skin health, sun damage effects are often permanent. A larger, more controlled study is needed to better understand antioxidants' ability to treat skin damage.
Study of the effectiveness of L ascorbic acid and vitamin a in the treatment ...Kim Johnson
The document summarizes a clinical trial that tested the effectiveness of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and vitamin A in treating skin damage from sun exposure and lifestyle. 45 participants applied the antioxidants to opposite sides of their face for 6 weeks. Results showed L-ascorbic acid was more effective at treating pigmentation, while vitamin A improved skin moisture. Neither antioxidant completely repaired skin damage like fine lines. The trial supports using antioxidants to maintain skin health but that sun damage effects are often permanent.
Special dermalogiacl therapyies [final]Nitin Sharma
Dermatology involves the study, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions affecting the skin, hair, and nails. The document discusses several common dermatological conditions like acne, eczema, and psoriasis. It then outlines various therapies used in dermatology, including topical medications, systemic drugs, dermatopathology, surgery, immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, and radiotherapy. Dermatopathology focuses on examining skin diseases at a microscopic level through biopsies and other molecular tests. Surgeries range from skin biopsies to more complex procedures like skin grafting and Mohs surgery.
This document defines cosmeceuticals as ingredients with medicinal properties that provide topical benefits and protect against skin damage. Cosmeceuticals were coined in 1980 and are not officially recognized by the FDA, which classifies products as drugs or cosmetics. Common cosmeceutical ingredients include antioxidants, peptides, retinoids, and sunscreens which treat signs of aging and damage from UV rays. Their benefits and safety testing were also discussed.
A presentation about anti-aging creams giving a brief of aging, anti-aging cosmetics, some general and some modern anti-aging agents and their mechanism of action, some detailed info of marketed formulations
This document discusses anti-aging cosmetics. It defines cosmetics and outlines the aging processes of skin, both intrinsic and from sun exposure. Signs of skin aging include wrinkles, thinning, and loss of elasticity. Anti-aging cosmetics aim to reduce these signs and moisturize skin. Ingredients like retinoids, peptides, antioxidants, and vitamins C and A are discussed. Some marketed anti-aging formulations are listed. The conclusion states that cosmetic treatments can improve the appearance of wrinkles, and future genetic treatments may further rejuvenate aging skin.
Cosmeceuticals are topically applied products with medicinal benefits for the skin. They fall between cosmetics and drugs. Some key points:
- Cosmeceuticals were coined in 1980 and contain ingredients that protect against skin damage.
- The FDA does not recognize cosmeceuticals as a separate category - a product is either a drug, cosmetic, or combination.
- Common cosmeceutical ingredients include antioxidants, peptides, retinoids, and exfoliants which treat signs of aging.
- Safety testing evaluates irritation potential, phototoxicity and other factors to ensure cosmeceuticals are safe for long-term use. Instrumental methods objectively measure skin
Antioxidants - protective activity of certain important antioxidantsAYESHA NAZEER
Introduction to free radicals, antioxidants, types of antioxidants, biological importance and protective role of certain important antioxidants in diseases.
This document discusses wound healing and the role of pathya (wholesome foods and behaviors) and apathya (unwholesome foods and behaviors) according to Ayurveda. It begins by defining a wound and describing the stages of wound healing: inflammation, wound contraction, epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and scar formation. It then discusses general and local factors that can affect wound healing, such as nutrition, hormones, infection, blood supply, and tension. The document outlines pathya and apathya as described in Ayurvedic texts, noting foods and behaviors that are beneficial or harmful for wound healing. It concludes by stating Ayurveda recommends following the specific pathya and avoiding apath
This document provides information about sunscreen and sun protection. It discusses how UV radiation from the sun can damage skin and increase cancer risk. While sunscreens can help block some UV rays, they are not fully protective on their own. The document recommends using other protective measures in addition to sunscreen, such as seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding sun exposure during peak hours. It provides guidance on choosing a broad spectrum sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher and properly applying it.
Sunscreens can help protect against UV radiation but are not fully effective on their own; proper sun protection requires avoiding sun exposure, wearing protective clothing, and reapplying sunscreen regularly. While overexposure to UV rays increases skin cancer risks, certain groups like those with fair skin or a history of sunburns are even more vulnerable. To fully protect skin from damage, it is important to utilize multiple strategies in addition to sunscreen like seeking shade and getting vitamin D from diet rather than sun exposure.
Sun protection a simple procedure to safeguard our body from the adverse effects of sunlight.
Sun light consists of visible light and Ultra Violet (UV) radiation which are of three types – A,B,C of which UVA and UVB have harmfull effects on the skin on repeated exposure.
To prevent ourself from sunlight effect, daily usage of sunscreen with normal SPF value cream is highly recommend by Dermatologist
Know more about sunscreen usage and sun protection from a Doctor's article --> https://www.icliniq.com/articles/skin-care/sunprotection-and-sunscreens-all-you-need-to-know-about-this
Vitiligo - critical review of medical treatments by Prof. R. SchwartzVR Foundation
Prof. Robert Schwartz
Vitiligo: Critical review of medical treatments
Presentation from the World Vitiligo Symposium 2011. Sponsored by the VR Foundation.
Change Your Suncare Story: Micah Blazer the Trail in Blue Light ProtectionHallstar
This document presents information on blue light protection in sun care products and introduces MicahTM, a new active ingredient from Hallstar. MicahTM is unique in that it stops the formation of free radicals from nearly all light sources, including blue light, before they can cause skin damage. Clinical research shows that MicahTM prevents markers of skin aging and inflammation caused by UVA and visible light. It offers a new category of protection compared to UV filters and antioxidants. MicahTM is easy to formulate at a low use level and supports claims around anti-aging, anti-dark spots, and protection from environmental elements like pollution and blue light from devices.
Antioxidants/ general dentistry Courses /certified fixed orthodontic courses ...Indian dental academy
Welcome to Indian Dental Academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Indian dental academy has a unique training program & curriculum that provides students with exceptional clinical skills and enabling them to return to their office with high level confidence and start treating patients
State of the art comprehensive training-Faculty of world wide repute &Very affordable.
poster on operation of vulgaris acne.pdfSneha Pandey
This document discusses acne vulgaris, including its causes, treatments, and management. Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin conditions and affects people primarily during adolescence due to hormonal imbalances. It is characterized by conditions like blackheads, papules, pimples, and scarring. Treatments include topical therapies like benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, oral medications like antibiotics and anti-androgens, and procedures like laser and light therapies. Managing acne remains a challenge for dermatologists as there are many treatment options with varying effectiveness.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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Babizhayev MA (2017) Treatment of Skin Aging and Photoaging with Innovative O...Mark Babizhayev
Babizhayev MA (2017) Treatment of Skin Aging and Photoaging with Innovative Oral Dosage Forms of Non-Hydrolized Carnosine and Carcinine. Int J Clin Dermatol Res. 5(5), 116-143.
Radioactive pollution is defined as the increase in the natural radiation levels caused by human activities. The human activities that can release radiation involve activities with radioactive materials such as mining, handling and processing of radioactive materials, handling and storage of radioactive waste, as well as the use of radioactive reactions to generate energy nuclear power plants , along with the use of radiation in medicine e.g. X rays and research. Dr Sangeeta Gautam | Vijay Aithekar "An Review Article on Radioactive Pollution" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26373.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/chemistry/other/26373/an-review-article-on-radioactive-pollution/dr-sangeeta-gautam
WHAT WORKS FOR ONE PERSON, DOESN’T NECESSARILY WORK FOR ALL.
MEDICAL AESTHETICS IS NO EXCEPTION.
SPORTS AND EXERCISE IS NO EXCEPTION.
We are all different, both physically and genetically, and we are different in the way that we respond to aging, skincare and exercise. Some of these differences are due to our lifestyle and the environment we live in, but recent scientific advances have shown that VARIATIONS IN OUR DNA ALSO HAVE A BIG PART TO PLAY.
Although you can’t change your genetics, science now has proven you can dramatically change how your genes affect your skin.
Your DNA determines when you start showing signs of aging
how quickly and at what rate your concerns could worsen,
which is unique to you.
Genetics creates a new class of ANTI-AGING technology.
The luxury of a customized ANTI-AGING professional treatment PROGRAM made specifically for you.
Suisse Life Science use natively genetics and a report in order to provide you a DNA-personalized treatment.
NO MORE GUESSWORK, no more buying products that feel like they might help.
There is no one size fits all for our customers.
We replaced anti-aging guesswork with GENETICALLY-DESIGNED cosmeceuticals OTC (over-the-counter) and nutricosmetics supplements.
DNAge is scientifically-created to CALCULATE YOUR GENE-EXPRESSION AGE (younger or older than your birth-certificate age?)
www.idna.works
Study of the effectiveness of L ascorbic acid and vitamin a in the treatment ...Kim Johnson
This study examined the effectiveness of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) and vitamin A (retinol) in treating skin damage from sun exposure. A clinical trial of 45 participants applied vitamin C to one side of the face and vitamin A to the other for 6 weeks. Vitamin C was more effective at reducing pigmentation, while vitamin A improved skin moisture content and slightly reduced fine lines. However, neither antioxidant completely repaired or removed permanent sun damage. While antioxidants can help maintain skin health, sun damage effects are often permanent. A larger, more controlled study is needed to better understand antioxidants' ability to treat skin damage.
Study of the effectiveness of L ascorbic acid and vitamin a in the treatment ...Kim Johnson
The document summarizes a clinical trial that tested the effectiveness of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and vitamin A in treating skin damage from sun exposure and lifestyle. 45 participants applied the antioxidants to opposite sides of their face for 6 weeks. Results showed L-ascorbic acid was more effective at treating pigmentation, while vitamin A improved skin moisture. Neither antioxidant completely repaired skin damage like fine lines. The trial supports using antioxidants to maintain skin health but that sun damage effects are often permanent.
Special dermalogiacl therapyies [final]Nitin Sharma
Dermatology involves the study, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions affecting the skin, hair, and nails. The document discusses several common dermatological conditions like acne, eczema, and psoriasis. It then outlines various therapies used in dermatology, including topical medications, systemic drugs, dermatopathology, surgery, immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, laser therapy, and radiotherapy. Dermatopathology focuses on examining skin diseases at a microscopic level through biopsies and other molecular tests. Surgeries range from skin biopsies to more complex procedures like skin grafting and Mohs surgery.
This document defines cosmeceuticals as ingredients with medicinal properties that provide topical benefits and protect against skin damage. Cosmeceuticals were coined in 1980 and are not officially recognized by the FDA, which classifies products as drugs or cosmetics. Common cosmeceutical ingredients include antioxidants, peptides, retinoids, and sunscreens which treat signs of aging and damage from UV rays. Their benefits and safety testing were also discussed.
A presentation about anti-aging creams giving a brief of aging, anti-aging cosmetics, some general and some modern anti-aging agents and their mechanism of action, some detailed info of marketed formulations
This document discusses anti-aging cosmetics. It defines cosmetics and outlines the aging processes of skin, both intrinsic and from sun exposure. Signs of skin aging include wrinkles, thinning, and loss of elasticity. Anti-aging cosmetics aim to reduce these signs and moisturize skin. Ingredients like retinoids, peptides, antioxidants, and vitamins C and A are discussed. Some marketed anti-aging formulations are listed. The conclusion states that cosmetic treatments can improve the appearance of wrinkles, and future genetic treatments may further rejuvenate aging skin.
Cosmeceuticals are topically applied products with medicinal benefits for the skin. They fall between cosmetics and drugs. Some key points:
- Cosmeceuticals were coined in 1980 and contain ingredients that protect against skin damage.
- The FDA does not recognize cosmeceuticals as a separate category - a product is either a drug, cosmetic, or combination.
- Common cosmeceutical ingredients include antioxidants, peptides, retinoids, and exfoliants which treat signs of aging.
- Safety testing evaluates irritation potential, phototoxicity and other factors to ensure cosmeceuticals are safe for long-term use. Instrumental methods objectively measure skin
Antioxidants - protective activity of certain important antioxidantsAYESHA NAZEER
Introduction to free radicals, antioxidants, types of antioxidants, biological importance and protective role of certain important antioxidants in diseases.
This document discusses wound healing and the role of pathya (wholesome foods and behaviors) and apathya (unwholesome foods and behaviors) according to Ayurveda. It begins by defining a wound and describing the stages of wound healing: inflammation, wound contraction, epithelialization, granulation tissue formation, and scar formation. It then discusses general and local factors that can affect wound healing, such as nutrition, hormones, infection, blood supply, and tension. The document outlines pathya and apathya as described in Ayurvedic texts, noting foods and behaviors that are beneficial or harmful for wound healing. It concludes by stating Ayurveda recommends following the specific pathya and avoiding apath
This document provides information about sunscreen and sun protection. It discusses how UV radiation from the sun can damage skin and increase cancer risk. While sunscreens can help block some UV rays, they are not fully protective on their own. The document recommends using other protective measures in addition to sunscreen, such as seeking shade, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding sun exposure during peak hours. It provides guidance on choosing a broad spectrum sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher and properly applying it.
Sunscreens can help protect against UV radiation but are not fully effective on their own; proper sun protection requires avoiding sun exposure, wearing protective clothing, and reapplying sunscreen regularly. While overexposure to UV rays increases skin cancer risks, certain groups like those with fair skin or a history of sunburns are even more vulnerable. To fully protect skin from damage, it is important to utilize multiple strategies in addition to sunscreen like seeking shade and getting vitamin D from diet rather than sun exposure.
Sun protection a simple procedure to safeguard our body from the adverse effects of sunlight.
Sun light consists of visible light and Ultra Violet (UV) radiation which are of three types – A,B,C of which UVA and UVB have harmfull effects on the skin on repeated exposure.
To prevent ourself from sunlight effect, daily usage of sunscreen with normal SPF value cream is highly recommend by Dermatologist
Know more about sunscreen usage and sun protection from a Doctor's article --> https://www.icliniq.com/articles/skin-care/sunprotection-and-sunscreens-all-you-need-to-know-about-this
Vitiligo - critical review of medical treatments by Prof. R. SchwartzVR Foundation
Prof. Robert Schwartz
Vitiligo: Critical review of medical treatments
Presentation from the World Vitiligo Symposium 2011. Sponsored by the VR Foundation.
Change Your Suncare Story: Micah Blazer the Trail in Blue Light ProtectionHallstar
This document presents information on blue light protection in sun care products and introduces MicahTM, a new active ingredient from Hallstar. MicahTM is unique in that it stops the formation of free radicals from nearly all light sources, including blue light, before they can cause skin damage. Clinical research shows that MicahTM prevents markers of skin aging and inflammation caused by UVA and visible light. It offers a new category of protection compared to UV filters and antioxidants. MicahTM is easy to formulate at a low use level and supports claims around anti-aging, anti-dark spots, and protection from environmental elements like pollution and blue light from devices.
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poster on operation of vulgaris acne.pdfSneha Pandey
This document discusses acne vulgaris, including its causes, treatments, and management. Acne vulgaris is one of the most common skin conditions and affects people primarily during adolescence due to hormonal imbalances. It is characterized by conditions like blackheads, papules, pimples, and scarring. Treatments include topical therapies like benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, oral medications like antibiotics and anti-androgens, and procedures like laser and light therapies. Managing acne remains a challenge for dermatologists as there are many treatment options with varying effectiveness.
Similar to Novel Drug Approach Skin Aging Benefits of Phytotheraupeutic Emulsions (20)
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
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promising therapy to combat aging and associated
pathological conditions.
Types of UV radiation
Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet A radiation
Ultraviolet B radiation
Ultraviolet C radiation
Ultraviolet radiation: They are broadly classified as
infra-red radiation, Visible light and UV radiation.
Heat is the part of IR radiation; it is not visible to
human eye. Visible light is the wavelength range of
general illumination. UV radiation is mainly divided
into three distinct bands on the basis of decreasing
wavelength and increasing energy:
UVA (320-400 nm)
UVB (299-320nm)
UVC (200-290nm)
Ultraviolet A radiation:
UVA show longer wavelength than UVB radiations.
It is less effected by altitude or atmosphere
conditions. They penetrate deeper through the skin
and it is not filtered by window glass. As compared to
UVB, these are efficient in inducing immediate and
delayed pigment darkening and delayed tanning than
in producing erythema. These rays are beneficial as
they increase Vitamin D3 production through
irradiation of 7- dihydrocholestrol.
They show adverse effects such as
immunosuppression, photoaging, ocular damage and
skin cancer.
Ultraviolet B radiation:
The amount of UVA and UVB reaching the earth’s
surface is affected by latitude, altitude, season, time
of the day, cloudiness and ozone layer.
The irradiance is highest at the equator and higher
elevations. At the earth’s surface, ratio of UVA to
UVB is 20 :1. These rays are primarily associated
with the erythema and sunburns. It can cause
immunosuppression and photocaricegenosis.
Ultraviolet C radiation:
These are the rays which are filtered by ozone layer.
It has the highest energy and potential for biological
damage. These is not essentially factor considered for
solar exposure in human beings.
Skin anti-aging approaches
Cosmetological care
Daily skin care
Correct sun protection
Aesthetic non- invasive procedures
Topical medical agents or Topical agents
Antioxidants
Cell regulators
Invasive procedures
Chemical peelings
Visible light devices
Intense pulse light
Radiofrequency
Prevention of dynamic wrinkles
Systemic agents
Hormone replacement therapy
Antioxidants
Avoiding of exogenous factors of aging,
Smoking
Population
Solar UV radiation
Stress
Nutrition, diet restriction, alimentary supplementation
Physical health
Control of general health
Skin Aging Prevention and Therapy
Skin Care:
Healthy and functioning skin barrier is important protector against dehydration, penetration of various
microorganisms, allergens, reactants reactive oxygen species and radiations. They are specifically adjusted for
allowance of penetration. The factors which affect the skin conditions are elasticity, smoothness and it also
increases the skin regeneration. The main step for formation of wrinkles is degradation of primary structural
constituents such as collagen, elastin. The other approach for prevention of formation of wrinkles are to promote
natural synthesis of substances exception case in elastin enhancing. Another approach is reduction in
inflammation by topical or systemic antioxidants. It is used in the combination with sunscreen products and
retinoids for enhancing protective effects.
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Photoprotection and Systemic Antioxidants:
The extrinsic aging is mainly affected by chronic photodamage. The recent approach is the DNA photodamage
and UV generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). These strategies include sun protection includes blockage of
UV rays and retinoids in order to inhibit collagenase synthesis and to promote collagen production anti- oxidants
to reduce and neutralize free radicals. The Nutritional anti-oxidants mainly include FR scavengers: i) by directly
reducing FR scavengers. ii) reduction of peroxide concentrations and repair oxidised membranes. Iii) Quenching
of iron to decrease ROS production. Iv) lipid metabolism, fatty acids and cholesteryl esters neutralize ROS
production.
Topical Pharmacological Agents:
These includes the anti- aging cream components which contain two groups: antioxidants and cell regulators.
Antioxidants contains vitamins, polyphenols and flavonoids. They act by reduction in collagen degradation,
thereby reducing the collagen degradation. The cell regulators such as retinols, peptides and Growth factors have
direct effect on collagen production and influence collagen production. The important antioxidants are Vitamin
C, Vitamin B3 and Vitamin E shows ability to penetrate through the skin. Also, bit has proven that topical
application of green tea polyphenols before UV exposure leads to an increase in the minimal erythema dose,
reduction in number of Langerhans cells and also reduces DNA damage to skin. Other botanical topical
application includes isoflavones from soya. Cell regulators such as vitamin A derivatives, polypeptides and
botanicals directly acts on the village metabolism, thereby stimulating production of elastic and collagen fibres.
Tretinoin, nonaromatic retinoids so approved for application in anti- aging treatment in concentration of 0.05 %.
Polypeptides stimulate active dermal metabolism.
Invasive Procedures:
The main application is to resurface of epidermis, to remove the damaged epidermis and replace the tissue with
remoulded skin layers. It also enhance the formation of new collagen. Recent approach includes tissue
engineering and gene therapy.
Chemical Peels:
These methods cause chemical ablation of defined skin layers to induce an even tight skin as a result of
regeneration and repair mechanisms after the inflammation of epidermis and dermis. These are classified into
three categories: Superficial Peels, trichloroacetic acid, medium – depth peels. Medium- depth peels reach the
upper reticular epidermis; Superficial peels exfoliate epidermal layer without penetrating the basal layer. The
depth of peeling depends not on the substance, but ultimately on its concentration. Superficial peels target the
corneosomes, increase epidermal activity of enzymes. These conditions are called as epidermolysis and
exploitation. Medium- depth peels cause coagulation of membrane proteins, destroyliving cells of epidermis and
dermis. Deep peels coagulate proteins and produce complete epidermolysis These also follows restoration of
dermal architecture.
Visible Light devices: IPL, Lasers, RF for the Skin Rejuvenation, Resurfacing and Tightening
Rejuvenation is controlled form of skin wounding which achieves wounding aiming youthful appearance after
the wound heels.
Skin rejuvenation or “sub surfacing” shows low risk while it improves aging structural changes without
changing cutaneous integrity. The mechanism of action is heat- induced denaturalization of dermal collagen that
leads to reactive synthesis. Laser resurfacing has shown effectiveness in photo aging through entire epidermal
collagen shrinkage, stimulation of neocollagenesis, extensive remodelling, regeneration of cellular organelles
and intercellular attachments. It results in long recovery time and long-lasting side effects such as erythema,
hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation, infections or scarring.
Hormone replacement therapy
There is progressive decrease of hormone synthesis with increase in age. The levels of growth hormone and
insulin-like growth factor- I, melatonin, TSH, thyroid hormones, estrogen and testesterone are progressively
decreasing. The main hormonal defects are menopause, andropause and partial androgen deficiency of the aging
male
DHEA substitution has been proven to an improvement of sexual activity, bone density and well- being. HRT
with estrogen and progesterone has been long considered to have anti- aging effects.
Emulsion System for Skin Care:
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Topical application of cosmetics in the form of emulsions, used in lotions and creams contribute to retrieve
certain rejuvenation and delay psychopathological aging process. Due to their anti- oxidants such as
polyphenols, vitamin C and vitamin E.
Emulsions are defined as the dispersed system which consists of small globules of dispersed phase of liquid that
are distributed into an immiscible vehicle. An emulsifying agent is known to possess hydrophobic and
hydrophilic drugs is used to stabilize the emulsion. When surfactant is adsorbed on the water and oil interface
reduces the interfacial tension and helps in distribution of small globules in dispersion medium. The two types of
emulsions are commonly used in cosmetics, the oil- in – water (O/W) type emulsion which is used in general
cosmetics and hydrophilic drug bases. Ii) water -in-oil (W/O) type of emulsion is used for the dry skin as
emmolient. O/W emulsions consists is an oily internal phase (upto 55%) and an aqueous external phase. The
emulsifier agent needs to be hydrophilic and may be ionic or non-ionic W/O emulsions system consists of an
aqueous internal phase (up to 45%) and an oily external phase. The emulsifier agent needs to be lipophilic in
nature.
Fig: Water/Oil (W/O ) emulsion.
Another type of emulsion, it is due to complexity in nature and instability issues, it is termed as multiple
emulsions. In these system, water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsion. or oil-in-water-in-oil emulsion can be
produced. The macro emulsions is also known as conventional emulsions /colloids are depending on the density
of dispersed phase and dispersion medium, droplets sediment or float. The adsorption of solids onto their surface
is called as Pickering emulsions. Nano- emulsions systems have been used as a vehicle for drug delivery of
NSAID’s and targeted drug delivery for anti – cancer drugs and cosmetics. The recent nanoemulsions system
constitute to the promising vehicles for the development of theranostics and cosmetics.
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Fig: O/W (Oil/ Water) Emulsion
Therapeutic Nanodelivery Systems:
The efficiency of oral administration route is most acceptable way fir drug delivery due to simplicity of
administration, pain avoidance, patient compliance and self administration. However, the disadvantage for this
delivery substantially reduces the efficacy due to chemical and enzymatic barriers, therefore the therapeutic
compounds loaded into nanocarriers has gained importance. Another purpose is to develop novel multifunctional
nanomaterials possessing properties for transfer of particular therapeutics across various biological barriers and
having ability to target specific cell types. These contain two type of nanodelivery systems:
Solid (nanocrystals, lipid and polymeric nanoparticles)
Liquids (Nanoliposomes, nanoemulsions and nanopolymerosomes
Nanocrystals:
These are the sub- micron colloidal dispersion systems consisting of pure drug nanoparticles. These usually
range from 10-800nm. These can be achieved by mechanical or physical methods. The advantage of these
system include reducing particle size to nanoscale range, increase in surface area which is in contact with the
dissolution medium. These have potential therapeutic effect as compared to conventional pharmaceutical
application. These shows improve saturation solubility and high drug loading.
Solid lipid nanoparticles:
Solid lipid nanoparticles are similar to nanoemulsions, except they contain lipid in solid phase. These sub-
micron colloidal nanocarriers range from 50-1,000 nm. SLP are produced by high energy methods such as
microfludization and ultrasonification. The advantage includes small size, large surface area, high drug loading
capacity and interaction of phases at the surface. The loading of therapeutic agents takes place in two ways:
They can be attached to surface of nanoparticle and integration in the core matrix. One of the important
advantages is that it allows entrapment of lipophilic molecules in stable particles without applying organic
solvents.
Polymeric nanoparticles:
Polymeric nanoparticles include solid colloidal nanoparticles sized from 10-1,000 nm consisting of natural and
synthetic polymers. These show modification such as bulk conducting, high electrical conductivity, high
electrochemical activity, large surface area and short chain lengths for transport of ions. The methods for
preparation of polymeric nanoparticles are nanoprecipitation, solvent evaporation, salting -out, dialysis and
supercritical fluid technology. These can be directly synthesized bythe polymerization of polymers such as mini
and micro – emulsion, interfacial polymerization and controlled living polymerization methods. Drug- loaded
polymer nanoparticle synthesis is carried using biodegradable and biocompatible polymers or copolymers, in
which therapeutic agents are encapsulated within the carriers physically adsorbed or chemically linked to the
nanoparticle surface. Polymeric nanoparticles fall into two categories:
Nanospheres where loaded agents are uniformly distributed
Nanocapsules where therapeuticals are confined into oily cavities surrounded by polymeric membrane.
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Metallic nanoparticles:
Metallic nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 1-100 nm such as silver, gold, copper, magnesium,
aluminium, titanium and zinc ones are increasing being applied for active or passive drug delivery in different
biomedical applications. The important advantage for metallic nanoparticles is they can be synthesized and
modified using various functional groups to target certain cells and tissues.
Nano-phytoantioxidants: -New promise in Anti-aging research
Many nanodelivery systems loaded with plant -based bioactive compounds have been formulated to be
efficiaous modulating oxidative stress and related chronic inflammation which prevents most of the anti- aging
disorder
Nano-Resveratrol:
Resveratrol (3,5,4 '- trans – trihydroxystilbene) is a polyphenol compound found in grapes skin and seeds and in
lesser amounts in other plant sources. The main role in plants it acts as a phytoalexin, protecting them from
pathogens such as fungi and bacteria. The antioxidant capacity of resveratrol depends on redox properties of
phenolic hydroxyl groups and has potential for electron delocalization in the chemical structure. Antioxidant
properties of resveratrol are believed to be responsible for health promoting effects. It acts as an anti-
inflammatory, carioprotective, neuroprotective and anti- cancer properties. It acts as a calorie restriction
mimetic. It is used to treat metallic syndrome, obesity, cardiovascular disorders, chronic kidney and
inflammatory diseases, beast and colorectal cancers. The therapeutic applicability of resveratrol is substantially
reduced through extensive hepatic and presystemic metabolism.
Nano- Curcumin:
Curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from rhizome of turmeric plant, Curcuma longa. It is used traditionally in
herbal treatment. These contain three chemical components one diketone moiety and two phenolic groups. The
active functional groups of curcumin undergo oxidation via electron transfer and hydrogen abstract process.
Some of these complex exhibit antioxidants by enzyme mimetic activities. The polyphenol compound exhibit
anti-inflammatory, anti- neurodegenerative and anti- cancer activities. The conditions which are treated with
curcumin are oxidative stress, inflammation, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases,
type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis.
Nano- Quercetin:
Quercetin is a bioactive flavonoid with strong antioxidant properties., including its effect in ROS levels. It also
has its effect on cellular signal transduction pathways and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidant
activity of this polyphenelic flavonoid is mainly attributed to metal ion complex and complex ions.
When quercetin reacts with a free radical, it donates a proton and becomes radical itself. Quercetin loaded solid
lipid nanoparticles have been recently developed which improves bioavailability as compared to quercetin
powders. Quercetin- loaded nanoparticles also improve antioxidant defence mechanisms in animal models.
quercetin loaded silica nanoparticles treats inflammatory conditions in different cell lines.
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Nano- Genistein:
Genistein is a soy phytoestrogenic isoflavone possessing potent antioxidant activity. These antioxidant properties
ability to induce the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes including SOD and CAT. The clinical
use of these compound is less due to low bioavailability. When applied in high doses, they show endocrine –
disrupting and toxic effects. The oral bioavailability was found to be improved in genistein loaded in polymeric
nanomicelles as compared to bulk or suspension powders. PEGylated silica nanoparticles may potentiate it’s
antioxidant effects. It has demonstrated to be efficient in treatment of age related disorders, neurodegenerative
diseases, osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes and cancer.
Nano- Epigallocatechin - 3- Gallate:
Epigallocatechin -3- gallate is one of the major polyphenol found in the green tea. The molecules of EGCG is a
complex structure. It consists of gallocatechol group and a gallate ester linked to flavanol core structure. The
gallocatechol rings determines its antioxidant properties because theydirectly capture free radicals. The evidence
proved that these compounds show stronger antioxidant properties than other green tea catechins. It is also more
effective in ROS scavenging than vitamins C and E. Two- fold higher bioavailability of pH – sensitive EGCG-
loaded nanoparticles as compared to EGCG have been demonstrated. This optimized nanotransfersomal
formulation was found to reduce the lipid peroxidation and intracellular ROS levels.
Molecular Mechanisms in Skin Aging:
Oxidative stress
DNA Damage
Telomere Shortening
MicroRNA (miRNA) regulation
Genetic Mutation
Inflammaging
Advanced Glycation End Product Accumulation
Oxidative Stress:
It is regarded as the reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in the dermal extracellular matrix
alterations of both intrinsic and photoaging. The sources for producing ROS are mitochondrial electron transport
chain, peroximal and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), localized proteins, the Fenton reaction and enzymes such as
cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, xanthine oxidases and nicotinamide – adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases.
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DNA damage:
When skin is exposed to UV radiation increases DNA damage and mutations and leads to premature aging or
carcinogenesis. When DNA absorbs photons from UV- B, structural rearrangement of nucleotide occurs,
resulting in defects of DNA strands. Once the deficiency of protein occur, damage of DNA and premature skin
aging occurs. The use of sunscreen products prevents DNA damage in vivo and protects the skin from squamous
cell carcinoma and melanoma
Telomere shortening:
Telomeres are the repetitive nucleotide sequences that cap and save the ends of chromosomes from degradation
and abnormal recombination. These become shorter on every cell division and results in cellular senescence and
limited cell division. Telomerase is a enzyme that add telomere repetition to ends and prevents telomere from
shortening. Telomerase defecient nice exhibited accelerated telomere shortening resulting in defective tissue
regeneration. Also the plorification capacity of epidermal stem cells with short telomeres were suppresed. On
exposure to UV radiation, further there is excessive ROS production, resulting in telomere mutation, and further
cell death or senescence.
MicroRNA Regulation:
miRNAs are a class of conserved noncoding RNAs that bind to the 3' untranslated region of target m RNA to
promote their degradation or inhibit their translation. miRNA dysregulation is found to occur in cellular
senescence and organisamal aging. Hyaluronam is a kind of polysaccharide in extracellular matrix. Both aged
and senescent fibroblasts showed increase in miR-23a-3p expression and secrete significantly lower amounts of
HA as compared to young and nonsenescant fibroblasts.
Genetic Mutation
Genetic mutation causes progeroid synthesis, such as Hutchinson- Guilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), Werner
Syndrome, Rothmund – Thomson syndrome, Cockayne syndrome, ataxia – telangiectasia, and Down syndrome.
Gene Mutation is inherited and causes progeria, type of premature aging, accelerated skin aging phenotype, skin
atrophy and sclerosis, thinning and graying of hair. HGPS is caused by mutation of gene LMNA, which
produces progerin, a mutant protein that supports many important cellular process.
Inflammaging:
The chronic, low-grade inflammation is major characteristics of aging process. This phenomenon is termed as
“inflammaging”. It plays and important role in the initiation and progression of age related disease,
cardiovascular diseases, frailty, sarcopenia, osteoporosis and skin aging
UV radiation induces oxidative stress in epidermal cells, resulting in damaged cells with oxidised lipids.
Advanced Glycation End Product Accumulation:
Advanced glycation end products are formed by nonenzymatic process called glycation during which proteins,
lipids or nucleic acids are covalently bound by sugar molecule such as glucose and fructose resulting in
Inhibition in normal function of target molecules. Glycation is involved in both intrinsic and extrinsic aging.
Long- lived proteins in dermal matrix and cytoskeleton are particularly susceptible to glycation resulting in
tissue stiffening and reduced elasticity. Among extracellular proteins, glycated elastic fibres abnormally
aggregate and unusually interact with lysozyme in skin of solar elastosis but avoiding sub- protective sites,
indicating that glycation is involved in photo aging.
Rationale of Skin- Aging Benefits:
There is emerging evidence that topical application of some emulsified plant extracts or pure phytochemicals can
improve the skin appearance and also reduce number of degenerative diseases as well as skin conditions such as
skin inflammation, skin cancers or skin Aging. The ongoing challenge is that to determine qualitatively and
quantitatively from the psychopathological view through which phytochemicals are encapsulated into emulsions
is an efficient and safest method. Recent advances in biotechnology have demonstrated the feasibility of
encapsulating plant extracts or derived pure phytochemicals into various types of carriers in order to specifically
target the damaged tissue while enhancing the bioavailability and reducing their cytotoxicity. Topical or local
application of phyto-agents appears to be suitable for skin aging prevention and skin therapy.
Nano-Phytoantioxidants: New Promise in Anti – aging research:
Nanodelivery systems loaded with plant- based bioactive compounds have been efficiaous in modulating
oxidative stress and related chronic inflammation which mediates most aging- associated disorders.
Accumulating evidence indicates that nano- phytoantioxidants have a potential in preventing and tea wide
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range of aging- associated pathological conditions. In several animal models, orally administered nano-
phytoantioxidants demonstrated a powerful potential in combating cardio- metabolic disorders than raw
forms. Treatment with curcumin loaded nanoparticles loaded led to attenuation of palmitate – induced
cardiomyocyte apoptosis in H9C2 embryonic rat heart- derived cells. Nano- phytoantioxidants therapy has
also shown promising solution in treating rheumatoid arthritis, caused by chronic inflammatory process.
Innovative nanobiotechnology have been recentlydeveloped in anti- cancer therapy. These approaches helps
drug directly to tumour sites without damaging the nearby healthy tissues. The effectiveness of
nanobiotechnology has shown in combating neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzeimers and Parkinson’s
disease. These approaches are also important in treating disorders of therapeutic area because blood brain
barrier plays an important role in delivering pharmaceuticals to the brain. Curcumin loaded solid lipid
nanoparticles and resveratol loaded N – trimethyl chitosan -g- palmitic acid and surface modified solid lipid
nanoparticles. Various nanocomposites administered by intranasal and intravenous route shows improved
bioavailability to the brain as comparison to free drug administration. Quercetin loaded solid lipid
nanoparticles provided enhance quercetin delivery to the brain along with improved antioxidant effect to the
brain cells compared to those of pure quercetin It also improves mental retention in Alzeimers disease.
Applications of Phytoantioxidants:
Anthocyanins and their derivatives found in foods protect against a variety of Future prospects of using
Emulgel:
The nano emulgel drug delivery system is a formulation to improve the systemic delivery and therapeutic
profile of lipophilic drugs. Nanoemulgel is a mixture of two different systems in which nanoemulsions drugs
are incorporated into gel base. Lipophilic drugs can be easily formulated and enhancement of skin
permeability by several folds of droplets due to nanoemulsions phase. Also the pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamic are significantly increased.
Patent Ability of Emulgel:
An increasing trend in topical nanoemulgel use in recent years has been noticed due to their better
acceptability due to their invasive delivery, avoidance of gastrointestinal side effects, easier applicability and
good therapeutic profile. Nanoemulgel has considered as a promising formulation and great potential for
drug delivery. The hydrophobic drugs are also formulated using emulgel as a novel drug delivery. through a
number of mechanisms. Cyanidins found in most fruit sources of anthocyanin have been” function as a
potent antioxidant in vivo”. Cyanidins protect cell membrane lipid from oxidation by a variety if harmful
substances.
Proanthocyanidins (OPC) works as a DNA mutation inhibitor. OPC blocks elastase, maintain the integrityof
elastin in the skin acts as a synergistically with both vitamin C and E,protect and replenish them.
Grape seed Proanthocyanidins (GSP) are potent antioxidants and free radical scavengers. GSP inhibit skin
tumour formation.
Apigenin is a widely distributed plant flavonoid are effective against prevention of UVA/UVB induced skin
carcinogenesis.
Dieatory carotenoids from a healthy unsupplement diet accumulate in the skin and their level significantly
correlates with sun protection.
Tea (camellia sinesis is a common home remedy for sunburn. The Chinese recommended applying cool
black tea to the skin to soothe sunburn. The tannic acid and theobromine in tea help to remove heat from
sunburns. Other compounds in tea catechins helps to prevent skin damage and helps to prevent chemical and
radiation induced skin cancers.
The reputable Aloe Vera or Aloe barbadensis has been scientifically proven to treat all forms of radiation,
include radiation, thermal or solar. It also show prophylactic effect used before, during or after skin
damaging events. The plants is mainly used for soothing and cooling effect. It also improves the collagen
production process.
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Walnut extract is made from fresh green shells of English Walnut Juglans regia. It is used in self- tanning
sunscreen agent. These are the coloured compounds and have UV protection properties. Juglone is known to
react with the keratin proteins present in the skin to form sclerojuglonic compounds.
Borage (Borago officianilis) oil stimulates skin cell activity and encourages skin regeneration. It contains
high levels of gamma – linonelic acid useful in treating allergies, dermatitis, inflammation and irritation.
Evening promise oil (Oenothera biennis) oil has a high GLA content that promotes healthy skin and skin
repair. It soothes skin problems and inflammation. It also used as a good choice for eczema, psoriasis or any
type of dermatitis.
High- quality, natural suntan and after- sun products are found in Avocado (Persa Americana ) oil is rich in
vitamin E, vitamin D, protein, lecithin and fatty acids.
The Antioxidant vitamin E tocopherol may protect both animal and plant cell membranes from light –
induced damage.Topical application of these anti-oxidants to the skin has shown reduce acute and chronic
photodamage. Alpha – tocopherol and tocotrienol reduce skin roughness, length of facial lines and depth of
wrinkles. Topically applied vitamin E increases the hydration of stratum corneum and increases water-
binding capacity.
Herbal source of extract Effects
Green tea, black tea (Camellia sinesis) Soothe sunburn and remove heat from sunburns
Repair Skin damage
Anti-inflammatory and anti-ageing effects
Protect epidermal Langerhans cells
Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis) Prophylactic effect during, before and after skin damage.
Soothing and cooling effect
Self- tanning sunscreen
Accelerate collagen production process
Rhatany (Krameria triandra ) root extract Anti-oxidants
Photoprotective
Cytoprotective effect
Radial scavenger
Borage (Borago officianilis) oil Encourage skin regeneration
Stimulate skin cell activity
Evening primrose (Oenothera biennis) oil Soothe skin inflammations
Avocado (Persea americana ) oil Natural suntan
Soothe and protect skin
Tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) Antiseptic
Fungicide
Relieve sunburn
Provides nutrients to damage skin
Natural Substances for skin protection
Active agent Natural sources Effects
Anthocyanins Strawberry, banana, red
radish, potato
Antioxidant, protect cell lipid from oxidation,
neutralization of enzymes that destroys connective
tissue, anti-inflammatory, repair damaged proteins
Pelargonidin Strawberry, banana, red
radish, potato
Antioxidant, protect cell lipid from oxidation,
neutralization of enzymes that destroys connective
tissue, anti-inflammatory, repair damaged proteins
Cyanidin Apple, blackberry,
elderberry, peach, pear, fig,
cherry
Antioxidant, protect cell lipid from oxidation,
neutralization of enzymes that destroys connective
tissue, anti-inflammatory, repair damaged proteins
Proanthocyanidins
(OPC)
Grape seeds (Vitis vinifera)
White pine (Pinus maritima)
Blackjack oak (Quercus
DNA mutation inhibitor, block elastase antioxidant,
free radical scavengers
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Future Prospects of Phytoantioxidants in Skin-
Anti-aging:
The growing awareness of dangers of the sun has
influenced the cosmetic industryan sun care segment.
Human skin is constantly exposed to UV irradiation
present in the sunlight. The need of sunscreen
products for a longer period of time is also the recent
need. Most the products are targeted at a specific
market and nearly every manufacturer has complete
range of products. The most recent introductions are
focused on children, athletes, one who wants UV
protection. In the past two years, most of the cosmetic
companies have launched products containing
sunscreen, moisturizers, antioxidants and also the
combination of all three. The development of novel
preventive and therapeutic strategies depends on
molecular mechanisms of UV- damage. The newest
trend will be stay continuously cool, while remaining
in the sun. Cooling is achieved through evaporating
water, alcohol, or any low- density vapour producing
solvents or materials that leave a cooling effect on the
skin. The encapsulation technology that can deliver
cooling agent or water through rub mechanism. The
other forms are intermittent spray/water based thin
emulsion, containing sunscreen, menthols and cooling
esters with SPF number and hydroalcohol based
systems with silicone and cooling esters in a thin light
gel vehicle and fragrance note. It is also important to
increase the effectiveness of sunscreen by increasing
the skin accumulation of UV absorbance with
minimal permeation to the systemic circulation. An
ideal products with cosmetic appeal can be
constructed in the form of thin sprayable gel with a
flim forming polymers combined with cooling
ingredients. Number of conventional and novel herbal
cosmetics are useful to treat damaged skin. Herbal
sunscreens are rapidly replacing the modern
sunscreen containing UV filters due to associated side
effects of UV filters.
Patent Ability:
The use of Phytoantioxidants in the various UV drug
has proved to be a novel drug delivery approach in
recent development. These formulations use the
natural sources and various natural products which in
the end reduce the harmful side effects. The various
types of emulsions from macro nanoparticles to
Nanoemulsions. Another type of emulsion is the
complex type which are the multiple emulsions.
Depending on the size, there is development of two
novel methods Macroemulsions and microemulsions.
These macroemulsions are termed as the conventional
or colloidal type of emulsions as they are unstable,
sediments floats depending on the density of
dispersed phase and dispersion medium. These are
also termed as the Pickering stabilization.
Microemulsions are the transparent, homogeneous in
size, show higher thermodynamic stabilityand higher
bioavailability. The Nanoemulsions are transparent,
translucent and stable. These nano emulsions are used
as a promising vehicle for non- steroidal and anti-
inflammatory drugs. The use of natural components
in various cosmetics is termed to be the main guide
for scientists and researchers to develop the various
novel formulations.
Conclusion:
Radiation causes skin damage. Everybody needs
protection from harmful UV lights. There are
different ways to protect skin. Skin damage mainly
causes by Intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors. The
main approach is to avoid direct skin exposure. It was
concluded that using single component is not suitable
for skin protection. On the contrary, the combination
of several natural substances may be considered as a
suitable solution. The ideal need is to make the
product with natural components, avoiding side
effects. It is also necessary to study which
combination is stable and show the best effects. There
is no such product which can accomplish all requests
of consumers. This is the main direction for product
development. Consumers prefer the product which
show all in one effect. It means that protection from
marilandica)
Resveratrol Grapes, wine, grape juice,
peanuts, berries of
Vaccinium species
Antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory,
inhibited tumorigenesis
Quercetin Evening primrose, mayapple,
onion, tea, neem, sunflower,
apple
Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidants,
immunomodulator, inhibit skin tumour formation,
potential topical sunscreen
Apigenin Citrus fruit, peppermint,
lemon, marigold, Artemisia
Prevention of UVA/UVB – induced skin
carcinogenesis, anti-inflammatory
Silymarin Milk thistle (Silybum
marianum)
Antitumour, reduce UV – induced sunburn cell
formation, antioxidant
Curcumin Turmeric (Curcuma lounga) Anti-inflammatory, antitumoural, antioxidative, free
radical scavenger
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SUV radiation, anti-ageing and wrinkles reduction,
moisturizing and cooling effects on the skin. This
request is the main guide for scientists and
researchers. The chemical components in various
products show harmful effects on the skin. For this
reason, there is the recent need to use more and more
natural products.
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