The northern plains of India have formed from the sediment deposition of the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra rivers over millions of years, resulting in fertile alluvial soil. Spanning approximately 2,500 km from Punjab in the northwest to Assam in the east, these vast flat areas are crucial for agriculture, particularly wheat farming, and are supported by navigable rivers and irrigation facilities. The plains are also significant for infrastructure development due to their flat terrain, aiding in the construction of roads, railways, and hydropower projects.

1. B KAR BRA

2. What are northern plains ?
The northern plain has been formed by the interplay
of the three major river systems-
the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra along
with their tributaries.
This plain is formed of alluvial soil. The deposition of
alluvium in a vast basin lying at the foothills of the
Himalaya over millions of years, formed this fertile
plain.

3. As a large plain, the exact extent can vary from
source to source. Roughly, the Indo-Gangetic Plain
stretches across:
Kashmir in the north;
the Punjab (Pakistan) a provincial region of Pakistan
and the Aravalli Range;
Sindh in the west;
the Himalayan foothills of Assam and Bangladesh in
the east;
and the Vindhya and Sapura Range,
and the Chota Nagpur Plateau in the south.

4. The northern plain of India is formed by the interplay of three
major rivers – Ganga, Indus and Brahmaputra. In the Tertiary
period there was a sea , Tethys , with extension to north and west .
Due to the movement of tectonic plate the Indian lithosphere plate
under thrusts the lighter Eurasian plate on the north .This shallow
basin marine sediments began folding due to compressive forces
acting from north and south .The evolution and upheaval of
Himalaya began. The plain was the fore deep of the folded
mountain. Thus numerous streams took birth and flowed down the
Himalayan along with load of sediments . Sediments continued
lying down on the uneven basement of the fore deep .Origen
continued till its third phase along with making Himalaya higher
and higher. And sediments filled the 3-6 km deep trough . However
this deepness of trough is also due to subsidence because of
increasing load of sediments. so the Himalayan progeny and filling
erodes from Himalaya in it made this fertile land for us…. And the
fertile plain of India was formed.

6. The Northern Plains are important because:
(а) They are the largest alluvial plains in the world
formed by the deposition of silt by the major rivers
of the plain.
(b) The rivers are navigable and have water in them
throughout the year (Perennial).
(c) Flat land helps in the construction of roads and
railways.
(d) Irrigation facilities have made the plains the
largest wheat growing areas.
(e) A number of H.E.P. Projects have been constructed
which have helped in irrigation and generation of
power.

7. The Northern Plains lie to the south of the
Himalayas extending 2,500 km in length from
East to West.
The Northern Plains are vast flat areas and
the soil in these plains is mostly fertile.
The Northern plains stretch from Punjab in the
northwest to Assam in the east.

8. THANK YOU