norton-theorem.pptx
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Norton's theorem states that a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source in parallel with a resistor. The current source value is equal to the short-circuit current through the terminals and the resistor value is equal to the input or equivalent resistance measured across the terminals. To find the Norton equivalent circuit, the Thevenin resistance is first calculated, then the circuit is shorted to find the short-circuit current value. These two values make up the Norton equivalent circuit with the current source in parallel with the equivalent resistance.
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Thevenin norton_ECA
This document discusses Thévenin's and Norton's theorems, which state that a linear two-terminal circuit can be reduced to an equivalent circuit with either a voltage source and resistor or current source and resistor. It provides definitions and steps for determining the equivalent components. Examples are given to demonstrate simplifying circuits using source transformations between the Thévenin and Norton models.
nortons theorem.pptx
Norton's theorem states that any linear DC network containing voltage sources, current sources, and resistances can be replaced by an equivalent circuit with a single current source (IN) in parallel with a single resistance (RN). The Norton equivalent current (IN) is equal to the short circuit current through the terminals, and the Norton equivalent resistance (RN) is equal to the resistance seen looking back into the network from the terminals. To find the Norton equivalent circuit, independent voltage sources are short circuited, independent current sources are open circuited, and the dependent sources remain. Then IN is calculated by short circuiting the terminals and RN is calculated by removing the load resistance and calculating resistance into the network. The original network can
nortons theorem.ppt
Norton's theorem states that any linear DC network containing voltage sources, current sources, and resistances can be replaced by an equivalent circuit with a single current source (IN) in parallel with a single resistance (RN). The Norton equivalent current (IN) is equal to the short circuit current through the terminals, and the Norton equivalent resistance (RN) is equal to the resistance looking into the network from the terminals with independent sources replaced. To find the Norton equivalent circuit, first the short circuit current is calculated, then independent sources are replaced to find the equivalent resistance. Once IN and RN are determined, the original network can be replaced in all calculations by this equivalent Norton circuit connected across the terminals.
Norton’s Theorem.pptx
Norton's theorem states that a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source (IN) in parallel with a resistor (RN), where IN is the short-circuit current and RN is the equivalent resistance when independent sources are turned off. The procedure for finding the Norton equivalent circuit involves removing the load, calculating the short-circuit current and equivalent resistance, and replacing the removed portion with the equivalent circuit. Once found, the Norton equivalent circuit can be used to calculate currents in other parts of the original circuit. Examples are provided to demonstrate finding the Norton equivalent circuit and using it to solve for currents.
Electrical circuits dc network theorem
The document discusses several theorems for analyzing DC networks:
1. Superposition theorem states that the current or voltage across an element is equal to the algebraic sum of currents/voltages from each independent source.
2. Thevenin's theorem states that any linear bilateral network can be reduced to a single voltage source in series with an equivalent resistance.
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The document discusses Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, and the maximum power transfer theorem. It provides:
1) Definitions and steps to derive the Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits for a given linear two-terminal circuit by calculating the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and input resistances.
2) Examples showing how to use source transformations to simplify circuits using these theorems.
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Thevenin norton_ECA
This document discusses Thévenin's and Norton's theorems, which state that a linear two-terminal circuit can be reduced to an equivalent circuit with either a voltage source and resistor or current source and resistor. It provides definitions and steps for determining the equivalent components. Examples are given to demonstrate simplifying circuits using source transformations between the Thévenin and Norton models.
nortons theorem.pptx
Norton's theorem states that any linear DC network containing voltage sources, current sources, and resistances can be replaced by an equivalent circuit with a single current source (IN) in parallel with a single resistance (RN). The Norton equivalent current (IN) is equal to the short circuit current through the terminals, and the Norton equivalent resistance (RN) is equal to the resistance seen looking back into the network from the terminals. To find the Norton equivalent circuit, independent voltage sources are short circuited, independent current sources are open circuited, and the dependent sources remain. Then IN is calculated by short circuiting the terminals and RN is calculated by removing the load resistance and calculating resistance into the network. The original network can
nortons theorem.ppt
Norton's theorem states that any linear DC network containing voltage sources, current sources, and resistances can be replaced by an equivalent circuit with a single current source (IN) in parallel with a single resistance (RN). The Norton equivalent current (IN) is equal to the short circuit current through the terminals, and the Norton equivalent resistance (RN) is equal to the resistance looking into the network from the terminals with independent sources replaced. To find the Norton equivalent circuit, first the short circuit current is calculated, then independent sources are replaced to find the equivalent resistance. Once IN and RN are determined, the original network can be replaced in all calculations by this equivalent Norton circuit connected across the terminals.
Norton’s Theorem.pptx
Norton's theorem states that a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source (IN) in parallel with a resistor (RN), where IN is the short-circuit current and RN is the equivalent resistance when independent sources are turned off. The procedure for finding the Norton equivalent circuit involves removing the load, calculating the short-circuit current and equivalent resistance, and replacing the removed portion with the equivalent circuit. Once found, the Norton equivalent circuit can be used to calculate currents in other parts of the original circuit. Examples are provided to demonstrate finding the Norton equivalent circuit and using it to solve for currents.
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The document discusses several theorems for analyzing DC networks:
1. Superposition theorem states that the current or voltage across an element is equal to the algebraic sum of currents/voltages from each independent source.
2. Thevenin's theorem states that any linear bilateral network can be reduced to a single voltage source in series with an equivalent resistance.
3. Norton's theorem states that any linear bilateral network can be reduced to a current source in parallel with an equivalent resistance.
4. Maximum power transfer theorem states that maximum power is delivered to a load when its resistance equals the Thevenin resistance of the network.
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The document discusses Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, and the maximum power transfer theorem. It provides:
1) Definitions and steps to derive the Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits for a given linear two-terminal circuit by calculating the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and input resistances.
2) Examples showing how to use source transformations to simplify circuits using these theorems.
3) An explanation of the maximum power transfer theorem - that maximum power is delivered to a load when its resistance equals the Thevenin resistance of the circuit.
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- The general solution for the natural response of RL and RC circuits is an exponential decay from an initial value to a final value, with the decay rate determined by the circuit time constant.
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This document introduces a presentation on the superposition theorem and Norton's theorem given by six students: Mahmudul Hassan, Mahmudul Alam, Sabbir Ahmed, Asikur Rahman, Omma Habiba, and Israt Jahan. The superposition theorem allows analysts to determine voltages and currents in circuits with multiple sources by considering each source independently and then summing their effects. Norton's theorem represents a linear two-terminal circuit as an equivalent circuit with a current source in parallel with a resistor. The document provides examples of applying both theorems to solve circuit problems.
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This document discusses Norton's theorem for circuit analysis. It begins with an introduction defining Norton's theorem as replacing a circuit with independent current and voltage sources with an equivalent circuit of a single current source in parallel with a resistance. It then provides the step-by-step procedure for converting any circuit into its Norton equivalent circuit. An example circuit is presented and solved using Norton's theorem. The document concludes by emphasizing the mathematical importance and historical context of Norton's theorem.
3 electric circuits
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- It describes common passive components like resistors, capacitors, inductors and discusses their properties and applications. Kirchhoff's laws for circuit analysis are also introduced.
- The document concludes by discussing equivalent circuit models like Thevenin and Norton equivalents that are used to simplify complex circuit analyses.
Norton's theorem
Norton's theorem states that any two-terminal linear dc network can be represented by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source in parallel with a resistor. The theorem provides steps to calculate the equivalent current source (IN) and resistor (RN) values. First, remove the network and mark the terminals. RN is found by setting sources to 0 and measuring resistance between terminals. IN is found by returning sources and measuring short circuit current between terminals. The Norton equivalent circuit can then be drawn by replacing the original network between the terminals. Examples demonstrate applying the theorem to networks containing resistors and voltage/current sources.
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- The reciprocity theorem states that the current in one branch of a linear network due to a voltage source in another branch is equal to the current that would flow in the second branch if the voltage source was placed there instead.
- To verify the theorem, the problem calculates the current in one branch with the voltage source in the other branch, and then vice versa, showing the currents are equal.
- The transfer resistance between the two branches can also be determined using the reciprocity theorem.
Nortans Theorem
- The document discusses Norton's Theorem, which states that any Thevenin equivalent circuit is equivalent to a current source in parallel with a resistor, known as a Norton equivalent circuit.
- Finding the Norton equivalent circuit involves computing the short circuit current and then the equivalent resistance, similar to finding the Thevenin equivalent circuit.
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This document provides an overview of network theorems, including the Thevenin and Norton theorems. It defines key network analysis terms like component, node, mesh, port and circuit.
The Thevenin theorem states that any linear network can be reduced to an equivalent circuit with one voltage source (Thevenin voltage) in series with one resistance (Thevenin resistance). The Norton theorem is the dual, representing a network as a current source in parallel with an internal resistance.
Worked examples are provided to demonstrate calculating the Thevenin voltage and resistance of a sample network, and the Norton current and resistance by opening, shorting and measuring in different configurations.
Star delta
This document discusses several network theorems for circuit analysis:
- Superposition theorem allows analysis of circuits with multiple sources by solving for each source individually and summing the results.
- Thevenin's and Norton's theorems allow complex circuits to be reduced to equivalent circuits with a single voltage/current source and resistance to simplify analysis.
- Maximum power transfer occurs when the load resistance equals the Thevenin equivalent resistance of the source circuit.
- Delta-Wye and Wye-Delta transformations allow easy conversion between equivalent star and delta circuit configurations.
Thevenin's and Nortan's Theorems
This document discusses Thevenin's and Norton's theorems, which are methods for simplifying complex circuits. It provides definitions of a Thevenin equivalent circuit and how to calculate the Thevenin voltage (Vth) and resistance (Rth) by finding the open circuit voltage across terminals. An example circuit is shown. Norton's theorem is also defined as replacing a circuit with a current source in parallel with a resistor. Methods for finding the Norton current (INo) and resistance (RNo) are described. Reference websites for more information are listed at the end.
CN_2130901_circuit_theorems
The document discusses several circuit theorems:
1. Linear circuits obey superposition, allowing the response to multiple sources to be found by adding the responses to each source individually.
2. Thevenin's theorem states that any linear two-terminal circuit can be reduced to a voltage source in series with a resistance.
3. Norton's theorem provides an equivalent representation using a current source in parallel with a resistance.
4. For maximum power transfer from a source to a load, the load resistance should match the Thevenin resistance of the source.
oUUeA1JUcVKdC9bj171.pptx
Norton's theorem states that any two-terminal linear DC network can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source in parallel with a resistor. The theorem provides steps to calculate the equivalent current source (IN) and resistor (RN) values. First, RN is found by removing sources and calculating the resistance between the terminals. Then, IN is the short-circuit current between the terminals with all sources active. Examples show applying the theorem by removing portions of circuits and determining IN and RN. The Norton equivalent can also be obtained from the Thevenin equivalent using source transformations.
Kirchhoff's rules and rc circuits
1. An RC circuit consists of a resistor and capacitor connected in series or parallel. When a voltage is applied across the circuit, the capacitor will charge up over time through the resistor according to the time constant of the circuit, which is equal to RC.
2. Kirchhoff's laws can be applied to the RC circuit to derive differential equations describing how the current and charge on the capacitor change over time during the charging and discharging processes. The solutions to these equations show that the current and charge decay exponentially with the time constant RC.
3. An oscilloscope can be used to observe the input voltage waveform and voltage across the capacitor to understand the capacitor's charging and discharging behavior in response to
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1) DC circuits can be linear or non-linear depending on whether their parameters such as resistance, inductance, and capacitance remain constant or change with voltage and current.
2) Kirchhoff's laws, including Kirchhoff's current law and Kirchhoff's voltage law, are important laws for analyzing electrical circuits and networks.
3) Circuit analysis methods such as mesh analysis, nodal analysis, and Thevenin's theorem allow circuits to be simplified to aid in calculation of voltage and current.
Chap 6 bte1013
This document discusses parallel circuits and their components. Some key points include:
- Parallel circuits have elements that share two common nodes and the same voltage across them. The total resistance of parallel resistors is always lower than the lowest individual resistor value.
- Kirchhoff's Current Law states that the algebraic sum of currents entering and leaving a node is zero.
- Resistors in parallel are analyzed using equations that calculate the total resistance based on the individual resistances. Common applications of parallel circuits include house wiring and car electrical systems.
Basic
This document provides an overview of basic electrical engineering concepts including charge, current, voltage, circuits, network elements, sources, superposition theorem, Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, and maximum power transfer theorem. Key points include:
- Current is the rate of charge flow measured in amperes. Voltage is the potential difference measured in volts.
- Circuits contain both active elements that supply energy (sources) and passive elements that consume energy.
- Superposition and source transformation theorems allow analysis of circuits containing multiple sources.
- Thevenin's and Norton's theorems convert circuits to equivalent circuits with a single voltage or current source.
- Maximum power is delivered to a load when
官方认证美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国密歇根州立大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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1. Linear circuits obey superposition, allowing the response to multiple sources to be found by adding the responses to each source individually.
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3. Norton's theorem provides an equivalent representation using a current source in parallel with a resistance.
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Norton's theorem states that any two-terminal linear DC network can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source in parallel with a resistor. The theorem provides steps to calculate the equivalent current source (IN) and resistor (RN) values. First, RN is found by removing sources and calculating the resistance between the terminals. Then, IN is the short-circuit current between the terminals with all sources active. Examples show applying the theorem by removing portions of circuits and determining IN and RN. The Norton equivalent can also be obtained from the Thevenin equivalent using source transformations.
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2. Kirchhoff's laws can be applied to the RC circuit to derive differential equations describing how the current and charge on the capacitor change over time during the charging and discharging processes. The solutions to these equations show that the current and charge decay exponentially with the time constant RC.
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This document provides an overview of basic electrical engineering concepts including charge, current, voltage, circuits, network elements, sources, superposition theorem, Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, and maximum power transfer theorem. Key points include:
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- Circuits contain both active elements that supply energy (sources) and passive elements that consume energy.
- Superposition and source transformation theorems allow analysis of circuits containing multiple sources.
- Thevenin's and Norton's theorems convert circuits to equivalent circuits with a single voltage or current source.
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6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
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Comparative analysis between traditional aquaponics and reconstructed aquapon...
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The Fourth Industrial Revolution is transforming industries, including healthcare, by integrating digital,
physical, and biological technologies. This study examines the integration of 4.0 technologies into
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IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
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norton-theorem.pptx
- 2. Norton’s theorem • Norton’s theorem states that a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by equivalent circuit consisting of a current source IN in parallel with a resistor RN • where IN is the short-circuit current through the terminals and RN is the input or equivalent resistance at the terminals.
- 4. Steps to apply Norton’s theorem • Find the Thevenin’s resistance of the circuit • Short circuit the load resistor and calculate the short circuit current • Draw the Norton’s equivalent circuit.
- 5. How to find short circuit current • Thevenin and Norton resistances are equal: • Short circuit current from a to b : Th R RN Th Th R V i I sc N
- 6. Norton equivalent circuit parameters : • The open circuit voltage voc across terminals a and b • The short circuit current isc at terminals a and b • The equivalent or input resistance RTH at terminals a and b when all independent source are turn off. N I sc i oc Th v V Th Th N Th V R R R
- 7. For the circuit shown in fig draw the Norton’s equivalent circuit.
- 9. Find short circuit current
- 12. Find value of ISC
- 14. Find the current flowing load resistance RL using Norton’s theorem
- 15. Find RTH
- 17. Find iSC
- 18. Find VOC
- 19. Draw Norton’s equivalent circuit
- 20. Find the Norton equivalent circuit of the circuit in Fig
- 23. Find isc=IN Apply KVL -8* i2-8 *i2+12+4(i1-i2)=0 -16i2+12+4i1-4i2=0 4i1-20i2+12=0 4*2-20i2+12=0 -20i2+20=0 i2=20/20=1A I2=isc=IN=1A
- 25. Using Norton’s theorem find current flowing through 3 ohm for the given circuit
- 30. Apply Norton’s theorem and Thevenin’s theorem to calculate the current in the load resistor of the circuit.
- 32. To find VTH