This document discusses various types of cysts found in the oral cavity and jaws. It defines odontogenic cysts as those lined by epithelium from tooth development and non-odontogenic cysts as those arising from epithelial inclusions during facial development. Specific cysts discussed include nasolabial cysts arising from the nasolacrimal duct, nasopalatine duct cysts from remnants of the nasopalatine duct, and globulomaxillary cysts between the maxilla and premaxilla. Clinical features, radiographic appearance, histopathology and treatment are described for each. The document provides an overview of developmental cysts of the oral region.

1. Manish deo
Roll no..10
Bds 3rd yr

2.  A cyst is a pathological cavity having fluid,
semifluid or gaseous contents and which is not
created by the accumulation of pus. Most cysts, but
not all, are lined by epithelium..
( Kramer 1974)

3. Odontogenic cyst -- Is a cyst in which lining of
lumen is derived from epthelium produced
during tooth development
Non odontogenic cyst – a cyst that arise from
epithelial inlusion or entrapments in the lines of
closure of developing facial process during
embryonic period of life…

4. Types of fissural cysts:
 Nasolabial cysts (nasoalveolar cysts
(located in soft tissue, not in the jaw!)
 Nasopalatine duct cysts
 Globulomaxillary cyst

5.  Definition - a type of developmental cysts that
actually arises in the bone suture between
maxilla and premaxilla

6. Earlier concept -- develops from as a result of
proliferation of the epithelium , entrapped along
the line of fusion between maxilla and premaxilla
 Nowdays --- acc. To christ
 variant of primordial cyst or lateral
periodontal cyst

7. Site – between lateral incisir and canine teeth
-- usually asymptomatic
-- cause pain and discomfort only when it is
secondarily infected.
--lateral maxillary and cupsid teeth will be found
to be tilted coronally with root divergence
-- vitality test is normal for both teeth
-- small swelling in between upper lateral incisor
and canine with elevation of lip is rare case

8.  Well circumscribed unilocular radiolucency (
inverted pear between apices of teeth)
 Roots reveals divergence

9.  Cystic cavity – lined by either by a
stratified/pseudostratified ciliated columnar
epithelium or thin squamous epithelium
 chronic inflammatory cell inflitration present
in capsule

10.  The clinical and pathohistological evidence
overwhelmingly shows that a "cyst" in the so-
called globulomaxillary region may be one of the
following lesions : Radicular cyst
 Lateral periodontal cyst
 Keratocystic odontogenic tumour
 Odontogenic tumour
 Ameloblastoma
 Central giant cell granuloma
 Apical infection

11.  Careful enucleation without damage to
adjoining roots ot the teeth, followed by
primary closure

12.  Definition – entirely soft tissue cyst , which
arises in the nasolabial fold, just below the ala
of nose…

13.  From remnant of nasolacrimal duct/ epithelial
lining of FOM

14.  Age – peak incidence in 4th and 5th decade of life
 Sex– more in female
 Site – soft tissue of anterior maxillary vestibule
below the ala of nose and deep in nasolabial area
 Usually unilateral
 Commonest complain – slowly growing and
occassionally, pain and difficult in nasal breathing
 Intraorally – bulge in labial sulcus
 Extraorally – filling out of nasolabial fold and may
lift ala nasi
 Flutuant lesion

15.  Seen as localized increase lucency of alveolar
process above apices of incisors ( appears as
spherical , kidney shaped lesion)
 Lucency results from presure resorption on
labial surfaces of maxilla

16.  Cyst lined by non ciliated pseudo stratified columnar
epithelium
 Goblet cells seen in some cases
 Occasionally, part of lining may be cuboidal / flat
sqamous
 Connective tissue wall is fibrous , relatively acellular
with fibers arranged loosely or compactly

17. - Submucous odontogenic abscess
- Furuncle of the nose

18.  Although the nasolabial cyst are extra-osseous
they lie subperiosteally and careful surgical
enucleation should be done

19.  Definition -- Nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDC) are
cysts that originate from epithelial remnants of
the nasopalatine duct, which become entrapped
during fusion of the palate plates

20.  This lesion is considered as a true
developmental cyst and it arises usually due to
the proliferation and subsequent cystic
degeneration of the epithelial remnants
remaining after closure of the embryonic
nasopalatine duct.. The initiating factors to the
development of the cyst may be trauma,
inflamMation and bacterial infection, etc.

21.  Age – 4th , 5th and 6th decade
 Sex – male > female ( 4:1)
 Site – usually in anterior region of mid palate near
opening of the incisive foramen
 Small, painful swelling
 often extends onto the labial aspect of upper alveolar
ridge
 Causes pressure sensation on the floor of the nose and
displacement of roots of upper central incisors
 Occasionally, there can be purulent or salty discharge
frpm the lesion
 Some patient complain of episodic swelling in the soft
tissue between the upper central incisor
 Regional teeth are always vital

22.  A sharply demarcated symmetrical radiolucency
in the midline of anterior maxilla
 Small round or heart shaped between the roots of
the upper central incisor in the midline with
cortical border
 Displacement of roots of the upper central incisor
are commonly seen

23.  Cystic cavity – lined by the ciliated columnar or non
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and is backed by
a connective tissue capsule
 mucous secretory cells seen
 Sometimes presence of pigments in the lining
 Lining may be thin or thick and there may or may not be
formation of rete pegs in the lining
 Presence of large nerve and vascular bundle in connective
tissue wall

24.  Radicular cyst , if it is associated with a
pulpally involved tooth
 Large incisive canal

25.  Surgical excision

26.  Shafer, et al: A text book of oral pathology, 3rd
edition
 Essential of oral pathology - swapan kumar
purkait– 2nd edition
 Google.com
 Neville, et al:oral and maxillofacial pathology
3rd edition
- And various websites