Matter can exist in three states - solid, liquid, and gas. In a solid, the particles are closely packed together with strong intermolecular forces between them, giving the solid a definite shape and volume. In a gas, the particles are far apart with weak intermolecular forces, allowing gases to expand to fill their container. Matter can also be classified as elements, compounds, or mixtures depending on its chemical composition. Elements are made of only one type of atom, while compounds contain different types of atoms bonded together, and mixtures contain elements or compounds not bonded together.

1. By-Nokesh prabhakar ,vaibhav singh tomar,
Aman barma and Agesh sonwani

2. MATTER – Anything which occupies
space and have mass are
called matter
ACCORDING TO PHYSICAL PROPERTY MATTER HAS 3 STATES –
1.SOLID .
2.LIQUID .
3.GAS .

3. Phases of matter

4. Solid is one of the three classical states of
matter (the others being gas and liquid). The
matter which has definite mass and structure
is a solid.
In solid Intermolecular force of attraction is
maximum ,so distance between particle and is
minimum in solid.

5. Example of solid

8. Gases do not have a
definite shape or
volume
They fill all the available
space in a container
The force of attraction is
maximum ,space between
particle is minimum in
gas

10. ACCORDING TO PHYSICAL
PROPERTY MATTER IS OF 3 TYPES –
1.ELEMENT
2.COMPOUND
3.MIXTURE

11. Substance composed of only 1
type of atom
Over 100 known
About 2 dozen found in
living things
Represented by 1 – 2 letter
symbols
C = carbon
He = helium

14. Chemical Bonds
 Forces holding atoms together in compounds
 Formed by specific interactions of electrons
 Two main types of chemical bonds:
 1. Covalent (weak, and share electrons)
 2. Ionic (strong, and transfer electrons)

15. Covalent Bonds
Sharing of electrons between atoms
o Single bond = sharing two electrons
Fluorine molecule = F2
o Double bond = sharing four electrons
o Triple bond = sharing six electrons
o Example = H2O

16. Ionic Bonds
Transfer of 1 or more electrons
Atom becomes electrically charged
Charged atom = Ion
Opposite charges hold atoms together in a compound
Example:
NaCl

17. An atom
Neutrons
are in red

21. Pressure

22. Weight
1.The measure of the
force of gravity on the
mass of an object
2.Weight changes with
gravity
3.The metric unit for
weight is a Newton (N)

23. Gravity

24. What is mass?