Newton1stnotes
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Sir Isaac Newton discovered three laws of motion that describe how objects interact in the physical world. Newton's first law states that objects at rest will stay at rest and objects in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force. The document goes on to define key concepts related to Newton's laws such as inertia, balanced and unbalanced forces, different types of friction, and how friction can be overcome.
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The document discusses different types of forces including contact forces, non-contact forces, internal forces, and external forces. It defines balanced and unbalanced forces. It explains Newton's First Law of Motion which states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. It also discusses the concept of inertia.
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Forces can cause changes in an object's motion or form. A contact force requires direct contact between objects, like frictional or muscular forces, while a non-contact force acts over a distance without touching, such as gravitational, magnetic, or nuclear forces. Forces are interactions that can change the motion of an object when unopposed.
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Laws of motion
1. Newton's first law of motion states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.
2. Newton's second law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
3. Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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1. Newton's first law of motion states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force.
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3. Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
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This document discusses forces and motion. It defines physics and explains that all matter in the universe is made up of force and motion. It then summarizes Isaac Newton's three laws of motion, including inertia, acceleration proportional to net force and mass, and equal and opposite reaction. It also describes several types of forces like friction, air resistance, tension, spring force, and magnetism. Finally, it distinguishes between kinetic and potential energy.
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Forces can be pushes or pulls that cause an object to accelerate or change motion. There are four fundamental forces in nature - gravitational, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, and weak nuclear. Newton's laws of motion describe how forces cause acceleration and changes in motion. Newton's first law states that objects in motion stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Newton's second law relates force, mass, and acceleration. Newton's third law states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
Forces 100810205910-phpapp02
The document discusses the different types of forces that affect an object's motion. It explains that a worker on a roof does not slide off because the balanced forces of static friction and the worker's weight prevent any movement. It defines four types of friction - static, sliding, rolling, and fluid - and describes how each type opposes different kinds of motion between objects. It also discusses how unbalanced forces cause a net force that changes an object's motion, while balanced forces do not affect motion.
Chapter 3 dynamics
Forces can move, stop, or change the direction of motion of an object. Inertia is an object's resistance to changes in its motion due to its mass. Momentum is the quantity of motion an object has, defined as its mass times velocity. Newton's three laws of motion describe the relationship between an object and the forces acting upon it. The law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of an isolated system remains constant. Friction opposes motion and can be advantageous or disadvantageous depending on the situation. Uniform circular motion requires a centripetal force directed toward the center of rotation.
Forces
1) Forces are pushes or pulls that can cause an object at rest to move or change direction, and are represented by arrows.
2) Balanced forces do not change an object's motion, while unbalanced forces cause a net force and change in motion.
3) There are four types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid, each opposing different types of motion between objects or objects in motion.
Forces
1) Forces are pushes or pulls that can cause an object at rest to move or change direction, and are represented by arrows.
2) Balanced forces do not change an object's motion, while unbalanced forces cause a net force and change in motion.
3) There are four types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid, each opposing different types of motion between objects or objects in motion.
Newton's Laws
The document discusses Newton's three laws of motion:
1) An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2) The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force.
3) For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton's Laws
Newton's First Law states that an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. The First Law also introduces the concept of inertia, which is an object's resistance to changes in its motion. Newton's Second Law explains that the acceleration of an object depends on the net force acting on it and its mass, with greater force or less mass resulting in greater acceleration. Newton's Third Law describes that for every action force between two objects, there is an equal and opposite reaction force.
Force
The document defines and discusses the concepts of force and friction. It explains that a force always acts in a direction and lists examples of forces in nature. It defines weight as a force and introduces the Newton (N) as the unit of force. It distinguishes between balanced and unbalanced forces. It defines friction as a force that opposes motion and explains that friction occurs due to the roughness of surfaces in contact. It discusses kinetic and static friction and notes that friction can be both harmful and helpful.
Week 2 OverviewLast week, we studied the relationship between .docx
Week 2 Overview
Last week, we studied the relationship between acceleration, velocity, displacement, and time. Acceleration in an object is caused by the force acting on it. This week, we'll study the relationship between force and acceleration. Central to this study are the laws of motion that Isaac Newton discovered in the 17th century.
You must have observed in daily life that when you apply brakes to a car, it takes some time before the car stops completely. The speed with which a train moves depends on the amount of force applied by the engine. A ball thrown at a wall bounces back. Newton's laws help you understand the motion of day-to-day objects and explain all this phenomena. These laws can also help you create realistic graphic animations!
Have you ever walked on slippery surfaces? If so, you would have realized how difficult it is to walk on them. Slippery surfaces have less friction, which makes it difficult to walk. In fact, surface transportation would be impossible without friction. This week, we take a closer look at this important force. We will use Newton's laws to analyze problems involving friction.
Newton’s First Law
What are Forces?
Forces are the result of the interaction between bodies. In simple words, a force is the push or pull acting on an object. For example, you exert a force on a rope to pull an object, and the rope pulls the object.
Here, we need a transition between the definition of forces and Newton’s Laws. We also need a couple of examples of how to draw a force diagram.
The Law of Inertia
Newton's first law of motion explains the relation between the force applied on an object and its motion.
The law states that:
An object continues to remain in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless compelled by an external force to act otherwise.
This means that an object prefers to remain in a state of rest or uniform motion; in order to change the state it's in you need to apply force to it. Further, an object will always resist the force applied to it. The property of an object to resist an external force is called inertia, and for this reason, Newton's first law is called the law of inertia.
If you slide an object on a smooth floor with a given speed, the distance it moves depends upon the friction between the object and the floor. The smoother the floor, the greater the distance traveled by the object. The object eventually stops because of the external force of friction.
A force is required to change the velocity of a body. To understand this statement first recall from your study of kinematics that velocity is a vector with a magnitude (speed) and a direction. In the absence of a force, both speed and direction are constant. When a force acts on an object, it changes the speed, direction, or both of the objects.
There is no basic difference between an object at rest and an object in uniform motion; rest and uniform motion are relative terms. An object at rest with respec.
NEWTON’S LAW OF MOTION.pptx
Newton's three laws of motion are:
1) An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
2) The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the direction of the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
3) Whenever one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body.
Dynamics ib physics
This document provides an overview of force and dynamics concepts. It defines dynamics as the branch of mechanics dealing with the causes of motion. Key topics covered include forces and their effects, free body diagrams, Newton's laws of motion, momentum and its conservation, impulse, different types of forces including gravity, drag, friction, tension, and spring forces. It also discusses work, power, energy, and their transformations. Force is defined as what can change an object's state of motion. Dynamics principles are applied to examples like a man on a sloping table and collisions.
types-of-forces.pptxx for science reviewer
The document defines different types of forces:
- Applied forces act on objects due to direct contact from another object or person. Gravity pulls objects with mass towards each other. Normal forces prevent objects from passing through surfaces they contact. Friction resists the motion of surfaces in contact and sliding against each other. Spring forces restore compressed or stretched springs back to equilibrium. Drag forces resist the motion of objects moving through fluids. Magnetic, electric, and inertia forces also act on charged or moving objects. Newton's First Law of Motion describes inertia, where objects at rest stay at rest and objects in motion stay in motion with constant velocity unless acted on by unbalanced forces.
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Basic concepts in Physics (remedial Class): Forces and Motion
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Week 2 OverviewLast week, we studied the relationship between .docx
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Cell theory
Cells were first discovered in 1665 by Robert Hooke, who observed structures in cork under a microscope that resembled rooms of monks, which he called cells. The cell theory states that all living things are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms, and cells only come from preexisting cells. There are two main types of cells - prokaryotic cells which lack nuclei and have DNA throughout, and eukaryotic cells which have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells contain organelles that perform specific functions, and plant and animal cells contain both similar and different organelles such as chloroplasts in plant cells and lysosomes in animal cells. Cells work
Microscope labeled diagram
The document provides basic rules for using a microscope: always carry it with two hands, start on the lowest power lens and leave it there when finished, use the coarse adjustment first to focus and then fine tune with the fine adjustment, especially for high power lenses, and always replace the dust cover when not in use.
Microscope notes
The microscope was developed in the 1600s by several people including Zacharias Janssen, who created the first microscope by combining two magnifying glasses, and Anton Von Leeuwenhoek, who created early modern microscopes. Robert Hooke used microscopes to discover and name cells. There are several types of microscopes including simple microscopes with two lenses, compound microscopes with multiple lenses allowing different magnifications, and stereomicroscopes with two eyepieces allowing 3D viewing of thick objects. The most powerful are electron microscopes, which can magnify over a million times using electron beams. Compound, simple, and stereomicroscopes use convex lenses to magnify objects.
Energy
Energy is the ability to do work or cause change and comes in various forms including mechanical, heat, chemical, electromagnetic, and nuclear energy. Mechanical energy is associated with motion and can be kinetic, from an object's movement, or potential, from its position. Energy can be transferred from one form to another through conversions without being created or destroyed according to the law of conservation of energy.
Work and power
Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force. Work can be calculated using the formula Work = Force x Distance. Work is measured in joules, named after scientist James Joule. Power is a measure of how quickly work is done and is calculated by dividing work by time. Power is measured in watts, named after James Watt who helped advance steam engines.
Motionnotes
This document defines and explains key concepts related to motion, including:
1) Motion involves the movement of an object from one point to another, which can be measured by distance and displacement. Distance is the length between two points, while displacement also considers direction of travel.
2) Speed, velocity, and acceleration are defined. Speed is the distance traveled over time. Velocity includes both speed and direction. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity over time.
3) Momentum is the measure of how difficult it is to stop an object moving, calculated as the object's mass multiplied by its velocity. Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight depends on gravity.
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Newton1stnotes
- 1. Newton’s Laws Sir Isaac Newton was one of the most important thinkers in our history. The laws he discovered, and his contributions have shaped our modern world. Newton’s 1st law: This law states that an object in motion tends to stay in motion, in a straight line, and at a constant speed, and an object at rest tends to stay at rest. This is true unless acted the object is acted on by an outside force. Inertia, The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion, the more mass an object has the more inertia it has. Inertia can also be explained as the tendency of an object to stay in motion, to stay still, or to travel in a particular direction. Force: is a push or pull, anything that fits this description is considered a force. Constant forces in our world include gravity, magnetism, air resistance, and Friction. Net force: is all the forces acting on an object, these forces can be balanced or unbalanced.
- 2. • Balanced forces are in opposition, they cancel each other out. This results in a net force of zero. • Unbalanced forces, don’t cancel each other, this results in movement, and the net force is not zero. Friction: the force that acts to resist movement. Friction makes it impossible for objects to move with a constant velocity. Friction brings every moving object to a stop; there are different types of friction. Static Friction: is caused by the attraction of the molecules of two objects surfaces where they touch. In order to move the objects you must exert a force large enough to overcome the friction force. Sliding Friction: is caused by the microscopic roughness of the two surfaces rubbing against each other. To overcome this you must keep pushing or pulling the object. Rolling Friction: occurs between the part of a rolling object and the ground. This type of friction requires the lowest amount of force to overcome.
- 3. Overcoming friction, we overcome friction by converting sliding friction to rolling, or by using lubricants. Lubricants reduce the roughness of surfaces causing less friction between the two objects.