New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at the animal-human-ecosystem interface
Keynote presentation by
Thomas Abraham
Director, Public Health Communications Programme,
The University of Hong Kong
SOCIAL MOBILIZATION, COMMUNICATIONS and HEALTH PROMOTION in Ebola Outbreak CO...Abraham Idokoko
A training and experience transfer lecture to health officials and delegates from other West African Countries at Intercontinental Hotel, Lagos, Nigeria, 2014.
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at...Csdi Initiative
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at the animal-human-ecosystem interface
Keynote presentation by
Thomas Abraham
Director, Public Health Communications Programme,
The University of Hong Kong
SOCIAL MOBILIZATION, COMMUNICATIONS and HEALTH PROMOTION in Ebola Outbreak CO...Abraham Idokoko
A training and experience transfer lecture to health officials and delegates from other West African Countries at Intercontinental Hotel, Lagos, Nigeria, 2014.
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at...Csdi Initiative
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at the animal-human-ecosystem interface
Keynote presentation by
Thomas Abraham
Director, Public Health Communications Programme,
The University of Hong Kong
Social Mobilization & Risk Communication in Emergency Response: A Discuss of ...Abraham Idokoko
A seminar presentation to public health experts in the Department of Community Health & Primary Care, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Nigeria on Thursday, 21st May, 2015.
Department of Journalism and Mass Communication- Approaches: Development Communication
Magic Multiplier
Diffusion of Innovation
Localized Approach
Awareness
Interest
Evaluation
Trial
The state in global health (focus on LICs/MICs)Albert Domingo
A report/presentation on the changing dynamics of the power of the state viz. external actors in formulating health policy, particularly in low income countries and middle income countries.
During the 10th Session of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues in New York from the 16 to the 27 May 2011, FAO presented to civil society, Indigenous leaders, Member States, and fellow UN Agencies the new FAO Policy on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, adopted in August of 2010.
Community Awareness is generally defined as knowledge created through interaction between community people and its environment, a setting bounded in space and time. It involves states of knowledge as well as dynamic process of perception and action. It is the knowledge that must be maintained and kept updated to complete some tasks in the environment. Community Awareness generation is considered as core element of successful disaster risk reduction.
The social dimension of animal health surveillance systems: An interdisciplin...ILRI
Presented by Aurélie Binot, Sophie Valeix, Attawit Kovitvadhi, Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux, Raphael Duboz, Mohan Timilsina, Suwicha Kasemsuwan and Marisa Peyre at the PENAPH First Technical Workshop, Chiangmai, Thailand, 11 – 13 December 2012.
This article spotlights a collaborative partnership approach to develop and garner support for Healthy and Smart, a HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum strategy. Focus is purposely placed on an action research methodology based in theory and evidence. The programmatic method is incremental and encompasses a transdisciplinary and culturally appropriate approach. In particular, our method instigates effective social change and public policy by forming collaborative partnerships. The essence of collaborative partnerships with key public policy and administrative actors is its alignment with a nation’s social development policy position. Critical to the development of a comprehensive action research approach is investing time to explore each social factor fully. Healthy and Smart HIV/AIDS Prevention Program for Youth exemplifies a participatory program development model for public managers.
Case Study 3 The Health Belief Model and COVID- 19 Ar Using the .pdfsattarali527
Case Study 3: The Health Belief Model and COVID- 19 Ar Using the Health Belief Model,
discuss why some people might not have followed the "safer at home" practices (e.g., social
distancing, masking, no large gatherings) after the vaccine became widely available. Minimum
word count 250. ("Behavioral Change Models" discusses the Health Belief Model.)
Public health is a multi-disciplinary field that aims to 1) prevent disease and death, 2) promote a
better quality of ife, and 3) create environmental conditions in which people can be healthy by
intervening at the institutional, community, and societal level. Whether public health
practitioners can achieve this mission depends upon their abilty to accurately identify and define
public health problems, assess the fundamental causes of these problems, determine populations
most at-risk, develop and implement theory- and evidence-based interventions, and evaluate and
refine those interventions to ensure that they are achieving their desired outcomes without
unwanted negative consequences. To be effective in these endeavors, public health practitioners
must know how to apply the basic principles, theories, research findings, and methods of the
social and behavioral sciences to inform their efforts. A thorough understanding of theories used
in public health, which are mainly derived from the social and behavioral sciences, allow
practitioners to: - Assess the fundamental causes of a public health problem, and - Develop
interventions to address those problems. Note: This module has been translated into Estonian by
Marie Stetanova. The translation can be accessed at htips:/uww.bildeleekspert
di/blog/2018/08/06/sotsiaalsete-normide-teooria/ Learning Objectives After successfully
reviewing these modules, students will be able to: - List and describe the key constructs of the
Health Belief Model and the theory of planned behavior and explain how they might be applied
to develop effective public heath interventions - List and describe the elements of "perceived
behavioral contror - Describe the underlying theory and basic elements of Social Norms Theory
and marketing campaigns - List and describe the key constructs of Social Cognitive Theory and
explain how they might be applied to develop effective public health interventions Summarize
the criticisms that have been made regarding the major traditional models of health behavior
change and why these models do not seem adequate to account for observed health behaviors
Outine the major steps in the Transtheoretical Model - List the characteristics of each step of the
Transtheoretical Model - Describe Diffusion of Innovation Theory and how it can be applied in
heath promotion - Outline the basic structures of the Theory of Gender and Power and its
application to Public Health - Explain the constructs of the Sexual Health Model and its
application to public health The Health Belief Model The Heath Belief Model (HBM) was
developed in the early 1950 s by social sci.
Social Mobilization & Risk Communication in Emergency Response: A Discuss of ...Abraham Idokoko
A seminar presentation to public health experts in the Department of Community Health & Primary Care, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idiaraba, Nigeria on Thursday, 21st May, 2015.
Department of Journalism and Mass Communication- Approaches: Development Communication
Magic Multiplier
Diffusion of Innovation
Localized Approach
Awareness
Interest
Evaluation
Trial
The state in global health (focus on LICs/MICs)Albert Domingo
A report/presentation on the changing dynamics of the power of the state viz. external actors in formulating health policy, particularly in low income countries and middle income countries.
During the 10th Session of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues in New York from the 16 to the 27 May 2011, FAO presented to civil society, Indigenous leaders, Member States, and fellow UN Agencies the new FAO Policy on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, adopted in August of 2010.
Community Awareness is generally defined as knowledge created through interaction between community people and its environment, a setting bounded in space and time. It involves states of knowledge as well as dynamic process of perception and action. It is the knowledge that must be maintained and kept updated to complete some tasks in the environment. Community Awareness generation is considered as core element of successful disaster risk reduction.
The social dimension of animal health surveillance systems: An interdisciplin...ILRI
Presented by Aurélie Binot, Sophie Valeix, Attawit Kovitvadhi, Nicolas Antoine-Moussiaux, Raphael Duboz, Mohan Timilsina, Suwicha Kasemsuwan and Marisa Peyre at the PENAPH First Technical Workshop, Chiangmai, Thailand, 11 – 13 December 2012.
This article spotlights a collaborative partnership approach to develop and garner support for Healthy and Smart, a HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum strategy. Focus is purposely placed on an action research methodology based in theory and evidence. The programmatic method is incremental and encompasses a transdisciplinary and culturally appropriate approach. In particular, our method instigates effective social change and public policy by forming collaborative partnerships. The essence of collaborative partnerships with key public policy and administrative actors is its alignment with a nation’s social development policy position. Critical to the development of a comprehensive action research approach is investing time to explore each social factor fully. Healthy and Smart HIV/AIDS Prevention Program for Youth exemplifies a participatory program development model for public managers.
Case Study 3 The Health Belief Model and COVID- 19 Ar Using the .pdfsattarali527
Case Study 3: The Health Belief Model and COVID- 19 Ar Using the Health Belief Model,
discuss why some people might not have followed the "safer at home" practices (e.g., social
distancing, masking, no large gatherings) after the vaccine became widely available. Minimum
word count 250. ("Behavioral Change Models" discusses the Health Belief Model.)
Public health is a multi-disciplinary field that aims to 1) prevent disease and death, 2) promote a
better quality of ife, and 3) create environmental conditions in which people can be healthy by
intervening at the institutional, community, and societal level. Whether public health
practitioners can achieve this mission depends upon their abilty to accurately identify and define
public health problems, assess the fundamental causes of these problems, determine populations
most at-risk, develop and implement theory- and evidence-based interventions, and evaluate and
refine those interventions to ensure that they are achieving their desired outcomes without
unwanted negative consequences. To be effective in these endeavors, public health practitioners
must know how to apply the basic principles, theories, research findings, and methods of the
social and behavioral sciences to inform their efforts. A thorough understanding of theories used
in public health, which are mainly derived from the social and behavioral sciences, allow
practitioners to: - Assess the fundamental causes of a public health problem, and - Develop
interventions to address those problems. Note: This module has been translated into Estonian by
Marie Stetanova. The translation can be accessed at htips:/uww.bildeleekspert
di/blog/2018/08/06/sotsiaalsete-normide-teooria/ Learning Objectives After successfully
reviewing these modules, students will be able to: - List and describe the key constructs of the
Health Belief Model and the theory of planned behavior and explain how they might be applied
to develop effective public heath interventions - List and describe the elements of "perceived
behavioral contror - Describe the underlying theory and basic elements of Social Norms Theory
and marketing campaigns - List and describe the key constructs of Social Cognitive Theory and
explain how they might be applied to develop effective public health interventions Summarize
the criticisms that have been made regarding the major traditional models of health behavior
change and why these models do not seem adequate to account for observed health behaviors
Outine the major steps in the Transtheoretical Model - List the characteristics of each step of the
Transtheoretical Model - Describe Diffusion of Innovation Theory and how it can be applied in
heath promotion - Outline the basic structures of the Theory of Gender and Power and its
application to Public Health - Explain the constructs of the Sexual Health Model and its
application to public health The Health Belief Model The Heath Belief Model (HBM) was
developed in the early 1950 s by social sci.
Task Force Project—Applying TheoryIn Module 1, you began.docxbriankimberly26463
Task Force Project—Applying Theory
In
Module 1
, you began your work as the head of the Maternal, Infant, and Reproductive Health Task Force in Centervale. You did this by learning more about adolescent pregnancy and the behavioral, cultural, and environmental risk factors associated with this health issue. In this assignment, your attention turns to community issues. Your task force has representatives from several community organizations. You know that in addition to your focus on an individual-level change, you will need to provide the group with information about community-level change to impact the adolescent pregnancy issue in Centervale.
Directions:
Read the editorial entitled “Community-based Intervention” in which the authors recommend four typologies or approaches to community-based projects (McLeroy, Norton, Kegler, Burdine, & Sumaya, 2003). Consider how each of these typologies might be applicable to adolescent pregnancy prevention in Centervale.
Download and review the “Demographic Background on Centervale.”
Prepare a memo for the task force on the following:
Compare and contrast the four categories of community-based interventions.
Select two typologies to present as options to the task force and explain in detail how these can be applied.
Identify one typology for recommendation, giving reasons in support.
Your final product will be in a MS Word document of approximately 3–4 pages. You should utilize at least 3 scholarly sources beyond the course readings in your research. Your paper should be written in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and display accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
THIS THE REFERENCE THAT YOU NEED
Community-based interventions
McLeroy, Kenneth R
Author Information
;
Norton, Barbara L
Author Information
;
Kegler, Michelle C
Author Information
;
Burdine, James N
Author Information
;
Sumaya, Ciro V
Author Information
.
American Journal of Public Health
; Washington
93.4
(Apr 2003): 529-33.
Full text
Full text - PDF
Abstract/Details
References 25
Abstract
TranslateAbstract
McLeroy et al examine the four categories of community-based projects: community as setting, community as target, community as agent, and community as resource. The goal of community-based programs is to carefully work with naturally occurring units of solution as our units of practice. This necessitates a careful assessment of community structures and processes of any intervention.
Full Text
·
TranslateFull text
·
The article Reconsidering Community-Based Health Promotion: Promise, Performance, and Potential by Merzel and D'Afflitti1 in this issue of the Journal makes a valuable contribution to the literature on community approaches to health promotion. The breadth of studies covered in this review article, combined with the prominence the Journal is giving to the subject in this issue, sug.
Social marketing is the use of commercial marketing principles and techniques to improve the welfare of people and the physical, social and economic environment in which they live.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
New trends and directions in risk communication: combating disease threats at the animal-human-ecosystem interface
1. The Anthropological ImperativeThe Anthropological Imperative
inin ““Risk CommunicationRisk Communication””
Benjamin Hickler, MA, Ph.D.
Tufts University
Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine
Dept. of Environmental and Population Health
4/27/2011 1Footer Text
2. ObjectivesObjectives
• Explain why anthropological frameworks and
community participation are particularly relevant
for addressing “One Health” challenges associated
with emerging zoonotic infections.
• Outline potential models for applying
anthropological tools to practical problems of
outbreak prevention and response.
• Outline key concepts for anthropologically
informed strategies for social mobilization and
behavior change communication.
4/27/2011Footer Text 2
4. Factors contributing toFactors contributing to
emergingemerging zoonoticzoonotic infectionsinfections
From Marsh Inc. Economic and Social Impact of EIDs, 2010. Derived from Report of the WHO/FAO/OIE
joint consultation on emerging zoonotic diseases. May 2004.
5. • People’s relationships with animals are culturally
and socially mediated, often differ by age, gender,
and socioeconomic status, and in some cases are
characterized by passionate attachment.
• People’s livelihoods are directly affected by efforts
to control zoonotic infections. This recognition
should underpin all “One Health” endeavors.
• Therefore, different stakeholders are likely to have
very different perceptions of the risks associated
with pathogens like H5N1.
5
Human behavior is theHuman behavior is the
common denominatorcommon denominator……
6. BeyondBeyond ““Risk CommunicationRisk Communication””
•Risk communication used to be conceived in terms of
a top-down model in which expert consensus is
broadcast to a passive public in order to bring
popular perceptions in line with expert truth.
•Now there is growing recognition that publics are
active participants in sociocultural and political
processes of defining and explaining risk.
•To oversimplify, the top-down broadcast model has
been replaced by a dialogical, participatory model
including an active engagement with publics within a
competitive informational environment.
7. What do we mean byWhat do we mean by
““participation?participation?””
Pretty et al (1995) delineate seven different types of participation.
•Passive participation: People participate by being told what is going to happen or has already happened.
It is a unilateral announcement by an administration or project management without any listening to
people’s responses. The information being shared belongs only to external professionals.
•Participation in information giving: People participate by answering questions posed by extractive
researchers using questionnaire surveys or similar approaches. People do not have the opportunity to
influence proceedings, as the findings of the research are neither shared nor checked for accuracy.
•Participation by consultation: People participate by being consulted, and external agents listen to views.
These external agents define both problems and solutions, and may modify these in the light of people’s
responses. Such a consultative process does not concede any share in decision-making, and professionals
are under no obligation to take on board people’s views.
•Participation for material incentive: People participate by providing resources, e.g. labor, in return for food,
cash or other material incentives. Much on-farm research falls in this category, as farmers provide the fields
but are not involved in the experimentation or process of learning. It is very common to see this called
participation, yet people have no stake in prolonging activities when the incentives end.
•Functional participation: People participate by forming groups to meet predetermined objectives related to
the project, which can involve the development or promotion of externally initiated social organization. Such
involvement does not tend to be at early stages or project cycles of planning, but rather after major
decisions have been made. These institutions tend to be dependent on external initiators and facilitators, but
may become self-dependent.
•Interactive participation: People participate in joint analysis, which leads to action plans and the formation
of new local institutions or the strengthening of existing ones. It tends to involve interdisciplinary
methodologies that seek multiple objectives and make use of systematic and structured learning processes.
These groups take control over local decisions, and so people have a stake in maintaining structures or
practices.
•Self-mobilization: People participate by taking initiatives independent of external institutions to change
systems. Such self-initiated mobilization and collective action may or may not challenge existing inequitable
distributions of wealth and power.
Pretty, J.N., Guijt, I., Thompson, J. and Scoones, I. 1995. Participatory Learning and Action.
A trainers' Guide. International Institute for Environment and Development, London.
7
8. Uses of Anthropology in BehaviorUses of Anthropology in Behavior
Change Communication (BCC)Change Communication (BCC)
• Identify the who, what, where, when, and how of risky
practices/behaviors –
o Tools include environmental scans, situational analyses, market and
value-chain studies, structured and unstructured observation, etc.
o Necessary to define behavioral objectives.
• Learn why who does what, where, when and how.
o Tools include participatory learning, focus group discussions, key
informant interviews, rapid ethnographic studies, etc.
o Usually necessary to achieve behavioral objectives.
• Prevent Systemic Insanity – Doing the same thing over and
over again expecting different results.
o Examples include pre- and post-testing, “framing,” cultural competence,
visual literacy, and M+E practices like Participatory Impact Assessment.
8
12. WhyWhy people do what they dopeople do what they do……
Whereas psychological frameworks tend to look for
individual motivators, anthropological approaches
emphasize shared cultural, social, political and
structural factors that shape—promote or constrain—
behaviors. (Importantly, not all are comms issues; cf.
Dunn’s framework)
Useful concepts for cultural analysis and comms include:
•Explanatory models and ethnomedical systems
•Illness behavior and “hierarchies of resort”
•Gender and the household production of health
4/27/2011Footer Text 12
14. People do whatPeople do what
““makes sensemakes sense””
This is practically an anthropological axiom.
If a behavior or belief does not make sense to the
analyst, then we probably don’t understand the
reasoning behind it.
No behavior or belief should simply be dismissed as
irrational, especially if it seems to resist modification.
4/27/2011Footer Text 14
15. Applying Anthropological ConceptsApplying Anthropological Concepts toto
SocialSocial MarketingMarketing
• Social marketing is the process of applying
commercial marketing techniques to social issues in
order to create behavior change (Kotler and
Andreasen 1987)
• Social marketing is consumer-driven - the focus
population or target audience is the central focus
for all steps of a social marketing campaign
• Crucially, each step of the campaign requires
continual input from the focus audi-ence
(recall Pretty’s typology)
16. The 4Ps of Social MarketingThe 4Ps of Social Marketing
• Product is the goal or behavior we would like to
change or maintain.
• Price is what people must give up in order to receive
the product’s benefit.
• Promotion is the overall strategy (messages and
media, content and channels—think MS CREFS) used
to persuade people to accept the “price” for the
“product.”
• Place is the setting in which an audience encounters
the social marketing strategy. “Place” includes both
the communication channel (e.g., mass media,
schools, village council meetings, etc.) as well as the
setting in which the targeted behavior occurs.
17. Challenges of Social MarketingChallenges of Social Marketing
• Each step of the campaign requires input from the focus audi-ence. This can
be time-consuming and labor-intensive.
• The “product” must be presented in a way that rein-forces core needs and
values.
• Cannot stop only at process evaluation, for example counting the number of
times a person saw a message or assessing whether the audience liked a
message. It can be challenging to evaluate the impact of social marketing
cam-paigns on attitudes or behavior.
• The effectiveness of social marketing is primarily demonstrated when it is
combined with other strategies. Because social marketing focuses on
individual and collective behavior rather than policy and envi-ronmental
conditions, social marketing campaigns need to be implemented along with
other strategies that impact policies, laws, and norms at institutional,
environmental, and political levels.
• Social marketing has been challenged by some researchers. Wallack (1990)
argues that it promotes dependence on experts and diverts attention from
public policies and structural factors. For example, in less developed
countries, social marketing strategies have focused on changing habits
instead of working to ensure clean and healthy water supplies (Wallack, et al.,
1993).
17
19. • What is the purpose of the message?
• What techniques are used to attract your
attention?
• What lifestyles, values and points of view are
represented?
• How might different people interpret the
message differently?
• What is omitted from this message?
Dr. Renee Hobbs,
Clark University Media Literacy Project
Deconstructing Media MessagesDeconstructing Media Messages
20. Culture is an integrated pattern of human behavior
which includes but is not limited to:
thought
languages
values
beliefs
customs
practices
courtesies
rituals
communication
roles
relationships
expected
behaviors
… of a racial, ethnic, religious, social, disability or political group;
ability to transmit the above to succeeding generations;
dynamic in nature.
manners of
interacting
Slide Source: National Center for Cultural Competence,2008
21. • Are based on fact and focus on immediate
consequences
• Clearly state the desired behavior and its benefits
• Use positive emotional appeals and/or humor
• Appeal to logic and reason
• Show desired behavior
Effective MediaEffective Media
MessagesMessages
22. Finding Information AboutFinding Information About
CommunitiesCommunities
• Consulting the “Experts”
o Individuals and groups in the community
o Similar communities
o Academicians
• Gathering “Data”
o Census data, maps, and other “data”
o Epidemiological data/trends and articles related to identified problem
o Behavior and social science literature
o Local newspapers
23. Cultural CompetencyCultural Competency
• The understanding and appreciation of cultural
differences and similarities within and between
groups.
• A willingness and ability to draw on community-
based values, traditions, and customs and to
work with knowledgeable persons of and from
the community in developing prevention
strategies (programs, policies, and practices).
25. 30
Community Prevention Design
Entity B
Strategy 1
Entity C
Entity A
Strategy 2
Strategy 1
Strategy 2
Strategy 1
Strategy 2
Inputs Outputs Short Term
Outcomes
Intermediate
Outcomes
Long Term/
Community
Change
Program Measures
Incidence &
Prevalence of
Problems
Behavior Outcome
Measures
26. 26 30
Community Prevention Design
Entity B
Strategy 1
Entity C
Entity A
Strategy 2
Strategy 1
Strategy 2
Strategy 1
Strategy 2
Inputs Outputs Short Term
Outcomes
Intermediate
Outcomes
Long Term/
Community
Change
Program Measures
Incidence &
Prevalence of
Problems
Behavior Outcome
Measures