Maria Arcila, MD, Zofia Piotrowska, MD, and Joshua Bauml, MD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to NSCLC for this CME/MOC/CC activity titled “New Horizons in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Broadening the Impact of Precision Testing in the Context of an Expanding Treatment Landscape.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/CC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3kH1ygr. CME/MOC/CC credit will be available until January 25, 2022.
Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, FACP, FASCO, Alexander Drilon, MD, and John Heymach, MD, PhD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to lung cancer for this CME/MOC activity titled "Everything You Need to Know About Molecular Testing and Targeted Therapies in NSCLC: Essential Guidance for Modern Patient-Centered Precision Lung Cancer Care." For the full presentation, complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/2IIiRzP. CME/MOC credit will be available until November 29, 2021.
David R. Jones, MD, and Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD, prepared useful practice aids pertaining to lung cancer for this CME activity titled "Turning Tides in Targeted Therapy for Early-Stage EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Latest Data and Practical Guidance for Thoracic Surgeons and the Multidisciplinary Team on the Emerging Role of EGFR-Targeted Therapy in Resectable Lung Cancer." For the full presentation, complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/2PSVELG. CME credit will be available until November 9, 2021.
Integration Of Targeted Therapies With Radiation Lung Cancerfondas vakalis
1) The document discusses integrating targeted therapies such as EGFR inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors with chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
2) Several phase II trials showed that combining chemoradiotherapy with the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab was feasible and resulted in promising survival outcomes. This warrants a phase III trial.
3) Combining chemoradiotherapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors like bevacizumab is also being explored, but data is still limited and complex trial designs make results difficult to interpret. Further research is still needed.
Co-Chairs Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD, and Lecia V. Sequist, MD, MPH, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to EGFR-mutated lung cancer for this CME activity titled “New Milestones and Changing Standards of Care in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Expanding the Benefits of Genomic Testing and EGFR-Targeted Therapy to Early-Stage Lung Cancer.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/36aVo39. CME credit will be available until March 8, 2022.
The document summarizes key information from a conference on gene profiling in clinical oncology, including:
1) New markers such as EGFR, KRAS, ALK, HER2, and PI3K mutations are defining subsets of non-small cell lung cancer and informing targeted therapy approaches.
2) Drugs like erlotinib, gefitinib, and crizotinib, which target EGFR, ALK, and c-MET mutations respectively, have shown efficacy in molecularly selected patient populations.
3) Comprehensive genomic profiling of lung tumors is needed to discover new targets, as around a third of cases still have unknown driver mutations.
Chair & Presenter, David R. Jones, MD, and Nathan A. Pennell, MD, PhD, FASCO, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to NSCLC for this CME/MOC activity titled “Adjuvant EGFR-Targeted Therapy as a Game Changer: How to Implement New Standards of Care in Multimodal Management of Stage I-III EGFR-Mutated NSCLC.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3mFfjji. CME/MOC credit will be available until December 2, 2022.
This document summarizes results from several clinical trials presented at the ASCO 2014 conference on gastrointestinal oncology:
- The CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial found that first-line chemotherapy with FOLFOX plus either bevacizumab or cetuximab resulted in similar progression-free and overall survival in patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer.
- The STORM trial found that adjuvant sorafenib after resection or ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma did not improve recurrence-free survival compared to placebo, with significant treatment-related adverse events in the sorafenib group.
- The LAP 07 study evaluated the addition of radiotherapy after induction chemotherapy for
Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, FACP, FASCO, Alexander Drilon, MD, and John Heymach, MD, PhD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to lung cancer for this CME/MOC activity titled "Everything You Need to Know About Molecular Testing and Targeted Therapies in NSCLC: Essential Guidance for Modern Patient-Centered Precision Lung Cancer Care." For the full presentation, complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/2IIiRzP. CME/MOC credit will be available until November 29, 2021.
David R. Jones, MD, and Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD, prepared useful practice aids pertaining to lung cancer for this CME activity titled "Turning Tides in Targeted Therapy for Early-Stage EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Latest Data and Practical Guidance for Thoracic Surgeons and the Multidisciplinary Team on the Emerging Role of EGFR-Targeted Therapy in Resectable Lung Cancer." For the full presentation, complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/2PSVELG. CME credit will be available until November 9, 2021.
Integration Of Targeted Therapies With Radiation Lung Cancerfondas vakalis
1) The document discusses integrating targeted therapies such as EGFR inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors with chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
2) Several phase II trials showed that combining chemoradiotherapy with the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab was feasible and resulted in promising survival outcomes. This warrants a phase III trial.
3) Combining chemoradiotherapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors and angiogenesis inhibitors like bevacizumab is also being explored, but data is still limited and complex trial designs make results difficult to interpret. Further research is still needed.
Co-Chairs Roy S. Herbst, MD, PhD, and Lecia V. Sequist, MD, MPH, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to EGFR-mutated lung cancer for this CME activity titled “New Milestones and Changing Standards of Care in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Expanding the Benefits of Genomic Testing and EGFR-Targeted Therapy to Early-Stage Lung Cancer.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/36aVo39. CME credit will be available until March 8, 2022.
The document summarizes key information from a conference on gene profiling in clinical oncology, including:
1) New markers such as EGFR, KRAS, ALK, HER2, and PI3K mutations are defining subsets of non-small cell lung cancer and informing targeted therapy approaches.
2) Drugs like erlotinib, gefitinib, and crizotinib, which target EGFR, ALK, and c-MET mutations respectively, have shown efficacy in molecularly selected patient populations.
3) Comprehensive genomic profiling of lung tumors is needed to discover new targets, as around a third of cases still have unknown driver mutations.
Chair & Presenter, David R. Jones, MD, and Nathan A. Pennell, MD, PhD, FASCO, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to NSCLC for this CME/MOC activity titled “Adjuvant EGFR-Targeted Therapy as a Game Changer: How to Implement New Standards of Care in Multimodal Management of Stage I-III EGFR-Mutated NSCLC.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3mFfjji. CME/MOC credit will be available until December 2, 2022.
This document summarizes results from several clinical trials presented at the ASCO 2014 conference on gastrointestinal oncology:
- The CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial found that first-line chemotherapy with FOLFOX plus either bevacizumab or cetuximab resulted in similar progression-free and overall survival in patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer.
- The STORM trial found that adjuvant sorafenib after resection or ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma did not improve recurrence-free survival compared to placebo, with significant treatment-related adverse events in the sorafenib group.
- The LAP 07 study evaluated the addition of radiotherapy after induction chemotherapy for
This document summarizes clinical trial results of the oral ALK inhibitor crizotinib (PF-02341066) in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. The trial showed that crizotinib had significant clinical activity in ALK-positive NSCLC patients, with an objective response rate of 57% and disease control rate of 87%. The median progression-free survival was 10 months for these patients. In contrast, patients with ALK-negative NSCLC did not respond to crizotinib. These results provide evidence that crizotinib is an effective targeted therapy for patients with ALK-positive NSCLC.
1) The document discusses toxicities associated with the lung cancer drug afatinib, including diarrhea, skin rash, and mucositis in 95%, 89%, and 52% of patients respectively.
2) It provides data on managing these toxicities through loperamide, diet modification, skin care, mouthwashes, and potentially dose reduction of afatinib.
3) Afatinib demonstrates efficacy as a first-line treatment for lung cancer but requires managing common toxicities like diarrhea.
The document discusses head and neck cancer, focusing on individualizing treatment. It notes that head and neck cancer incidence is increasing, with some caused by HPV. EGFR is a molecular target in these cancers. Studies combining EGFR inhibitors like cetuximab with chemoradiation in locally advanced disease showed increased toxicity but uncertain efficacy benefits. Biomarker-selected treatment de-intensification may be appropriate for HPV-positive cancers.
This document provides information on the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It discusses current targeted therapies for RCC including inhibitors of VEGF and mTOR pathways such as sunitinib, sorafenib, everolimus and temsirolimus. Patient outcomes with various first and second line targeted therapies are presented. Guidelines for cytoreductive nephrectomy and metastasectomy are also summarized.
Pathways and targets how might these affect my treatment decisions gail eckh...Fight Colorectal Cancer
Dr. Gail Eckhardt
Professor and Head of the Division of Medical Oncology at the University of Colorado Denver and Health Sciences Center.
Join us for an exciting webinar about pathways and targets. Dr. Eckhardt will discuss the basic of pathways within a cancer cell, and how (and why) they can affect treatment options for patients. She'll explain how we learn about how new pathways are discovered, and how this information tell us what drugs may work in certain patients and why some drugs don’t.
Dr. Eckhardt will discuss the idea of targeted therapies, and the difference between them and regular chemotherapy. She'll talk about the relationship between pathways and targeted drugs, and how this may impact drug development in the future.
The document summarizes a presentation on using gene profiling and biomarkers to better classify and treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It discusses current and emerging markers like EGFR mutations, ALK translocations, and FGFR1 amplifications that define NSCLC subtypes and can guide targeted therapies. Integrating multiple genomic analyses may help characterize unknown abnormalities in a third of NSCLC tumors and identify new treatment opportunities.
Crizotinib is a c-MET inhibitor that has demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against ALK fusion cells. The document discusses clinical trials of crizotinib in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results from Phase I and II trials showed an objective response rate of 57% and disease control rate of 87% with crizotinib. Current ongoing trials are evaluating crizotinib versus chemotherapy as first-line or second-line treatment in ALK-positive NSCLC.
The OncoScan(TM) platform for analysis of copy number and somatic mutations i...Lawrence Greenfield
The OncoScan microarray offers high-quality copy number, genotype, and somatic mutation data with whole-genome coverage and high resolution in cancer genes for use with challenging FFPE samples.
Role of Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy and Immunotherapy in NSCLC (Part II)Mohammed Fathy
1) The document discusses targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ALK translocations, including crizotinib, alectinib, brigatinib, ceritinib, and lorlatinib.
2) Alectinib is now considered the preferred first-line treatment for ALK-positive NSCLC based on Phase III trials showing it is more effective than crizotinib.
3) For patients who progress on a first-generation ALK inhibitor like crizotinib, later-generation ALK inhibitors such as ceritinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials as subsequent therapies.
This document discusses individualized allogeneic immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after low toxicity conditioning. It notes that while allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo HSCT) is an effective treatment for AML, toxicity remains a major issue. Low toxicity conditioning is achievable and important for older/unfit patients, but low toxicity does not mean only reduced intensity - disease control is still critical. Individualized conditioning may be needed to balance low toxicity with adequate disease control. The document advocates for personalized, optimized allo HSCT approaches tailored to patient, disease, and donor factors to further improve outcomes of AML patients.
Role of Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy and Immunotherapy in NSCLC Part IMohammed Fathy
1) Chemotherapy provides a modest survival benefit for early stage NSCLC based on multiple randomized trials. The absolute improvement in 5-year survival is approximately 5%.
2) The IALT trial showed a 4% improvement in 5-year survival with cisplatin-based chemotherapy compared to observation alone for stage I-III NSCLC.
3) The JBR.10 trial demonstrated an 11% absolute improvement in 5-year survival with vinorelbine and cisplatin compared to observation for stage IB-II NSCLC. However, the benefit was largely seen in stage II patients.
- Extended waiting time of more than 8 weeks between neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer resulted in higher rates of R0 resection and pathologic complete response compared to surgery within 8 weeks in a retrospective study. However, timing of full dose adjuvant chemotherapy may be delayed with longer waiting periods.
- Local excision after neoadjuvant chemoradiation or non-operative "wait and see" approaches may enable organ preservation in some patients who achieve a clinical complete response. However, accurate assessment of response can be challenging and long-term oncologic outcomes require further study.
Treatment of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Erlotinib or Gefitinibseayat1103
This document discusses a clinical trial comparing the efficacy of erlotinib and gefitinib for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. The trial found that both erlotinib and gefitinib showed efficacy in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, with erlotinib demonstrating a median progression-free survival of 10.8 months compared to 5.4 months for standard chemotherapy in EGFR mutation-positive patients. Subsequent studies confirmed the superior efficacy of both erlotinib and gefitinib in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, particularly those with exon 19 deletions or L858R mutations. The document concludes by discussing the current NCCN guidelines for use of erlotinib and
Roy H. Decker, MD, PhD; Kristin Higgins, MD; and Jyoti D. Patel, MD, prepared useful practice aids pertaining to immunotherapies in lung cancer for this CME/MOC activity titled “NSCLC Tumor Board: Navigating the Evolving Role of Immunotherapy in Multimodal Management of Locally Advanced and Early-Stage Lung Cancer.” For the full presentation, monograph, complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/2mFfEWE. CME/MOC credit will be available until October 22, 2020.
evolving role of anti angiogenesis in metastatic crcMohamed Abdulla
1) Anti-angiogenesis therapy with bevacizumab has improved progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer when added to first-line chemotherapy regimens.
2) The phase 3 VELOUR trial found that aflibercept, a soluble VEGF receptor fusion protein, combined with FOLFIRI chemotherapy improved overall survival compared to placebo plus FOLFIRI in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had progressed on prior oxaliplatin-based therapy. Median overall survival was 13.50 months with aflibercept versus 12.06 months with placebo.
3) Treatment with aflibercept resulted in more dose modifications and discontinuations compared to placebo
Join Dr. Emily Chan presentation on the latest research and treatments for colorectal cancer patients presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting in Chicago.
This document provides an overview of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), including:
1. RCC is heterogeneous with clear cell type most common. Targeted therapies like sunitinib, sorafenib, everolimus, and temsirolimus have improved outcomes but resistance develops.
2. A phase II trial found sorafenib has limited efficacy in sunitinib-refractory RCC with a 9.6% response rate.
3. The RECORD-1 trial showed everolimus more than doubled progression-free survival compared to placebo in advanced RCC previously treated with sunitinib or sorafenib. Overall survival was also improved with everolimus
This document summarizes studies evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma. It discusses pivotal trials that led to FDA approval of nivolumab and pembrolizumab for relapsed/refractory HL after stem cell transplant and brentuximab vedotin. It also reviews mechanisms of action of PD-1 blockade in HL and efforts to combine checkpoint inhibitors with other agents or incorporate them into frontline treatment for high-risk patients.
This document summarizes key findings from the SPARTAN clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of apalutamide for the treatment of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The study found that apalutamide significantly reduced the risk of distant metastasis or death by 72% compared to placebo. Apalutamide also improved progression-free survival, time to symptomatic progression, and delayed the time to initiation of cytotoxic chemotherapy. The most common adverse events with apalutamide were fatigue, hypertension, and rash.
The document discusses lung cancer incidence, mortality rates, and EGFR mutation rates in Jordan compared to global values. It also discusses molecular testing practices for NSCLC in Jordan, including which driver mutations are routinely tested, the tests used to detect EGFR mutations, and which exons are examined. Adjuvant EGFR therapy is not routinely used in Jordan for early-stage NSCLC. For progression on EGFR TKIs in mutated NSCLC, re-biopsy for T790M is done, and local therapies like stereotactic radiation are available treatment options.
Co-Chairs, Jessica Donington, MD, and Catherine Shu, MD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to NSCLC for this CME activity titled “EGFR-Targeted Therapy for Early-Stage NSCLC: What Thoracic Surgeons Need to Know.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3PsMX8N. CME credit will be available until February 21, 2024.
This document summarizes clinical trial results of the oral ALK inhibitor crizotinib (PF-02341066) in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. The trial showed that crizotinib had significant clinical activity in ALK-positive NSCLC patients, with an objective response rate of 57% and disease control rate of 87%. The median progression-free survival was 10 months for these patients. In contrast, patients with ALK-negative NSCLC did not respond to crizotinib. These results provide evidence that crizotinib is an effective targeted therapy for patients with ALK-positive NSCLC.
1) The document discusses toxicities associated with the lung cancer drug afatinib, including diarrhea, skin rash, and mucositis in 95%, 89%, and 52% of patients respectively.
2) It provides data on managing these toxicities through loperamide, diet modification, skin care, mouthwashes, and potentially dose reduction of afatinib.
3) Afatinib demonstrates efficacy as a first-line treatment for lung cancer but requires managing common toxicities like diarrhea.
The document discusses head and neck cancer, focusing on individualizing treatment. It notes that head and neck cancer incidence is increasing, with some caused by HPV. EGFR is a molecular target in these cancers. Studies combining EGFR inhibitors like cetuximab with chemoradiation in locally advanced disease showed increased toxicity but uncertain efficacy benefits. Biomarker-selected treatment de-intensification may be appropriate for HPV-positive cancers.
This document provides information on the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It discusses current targeted therapies for RCC including inhibitors of VEGF and mTOR pathways such as sunitinib, sorafenib, everolimus and temsirolimus. Patient outcomes with various first and second line targeted therapies are presented. Guidelines for cytoreductive nephrectomy and metastasectomy are also summarized.
Pathways and targets how might these affect my treatment decisions gail eckh...Fight Colorectal Cancer
Dr. Gail Eckhardt
Professor and Head of the Division of Medical Oncology at the University of Colorado Denver and Health Sciences Center.
Join us for an exciting webinar about pathways and targets. Dr. Eckhardt will discuss the basic of pathways within a cancer cell, and how (and why) they can affect treatment options for patients. She'll explain how we learn about how new pathways are discovered, and how this information tell us what drugs may work in certain patients and why some drugs don’t.
Dr. Eckhardt will discuss the idea of targeted therapies, and the difference between them and regular chemotherapy. She'll talk about the relationship between pathways and targeted drugs, and how this may impact drug development in the future.
The document summarizes a presentation on using gene profiling and biomarkers to better classify and treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It discusses current and emerging markers like EGFR mutations, ALK translocations, and FGFR1 amplifications that define NSCLC subtypes and can guide targeted therapies. Integrating multiple genomic analyses may help characterize unknown abnormalities in a third of NSCLC tumors and identify new treatment opportunities.
Crizotinib is a c-MET inhibitor that has demonstrated potent inhibitory activity against ALK fusion cells. The document discusses clinical trials of crizotinib in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Results from Phase I and II trials showed an objective response rate of 57% and disease control rate of 87% with crizotinib. Current ongoing trials are evaluating crizotinib versus chemotherapy as first-line or second-line treatment in ALK-positive NSCLC.
The OncoScan(TM) platform for analysis of copy number and somatic mutations i...Lawrence Greenfield
The OncoScan microarray offers high-quality copy number, genotype, and somatic mutation data with whole-genome coverage and high resolution in cancer genes for use with challenging FFPE samples.
Role of Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy and Immunotherapy in NSCLC (Part II)Mohammed Fathy
1) The document discusses targeted therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ALK translocations, including crizotinib, alectinib, brigatinib, ceritinib, and lorlatinib.
2) Alectinib is now considered the preferred first-line treatment for ALK-positive NSCLC based on Phase III trials showing it is more effective than crizotinib.
3) For patients who progress on a first-generation ALK inhibitor like crizotinib, later-generation ALK inhibitors such as ceritinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib have demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials as subsequent therapies.
This document discusses individualized allogeneic immunotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after low toxicity conditioning. It notes that while allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo HSCT) is an effective treatment for AML, toxicity remains a major issue. Low toxicity conditioning is achievable and important for older/unfit patients, but low toxicity does not mean only reduced intensity - disease control is still critical. Individualized conditioning may be needed to balance low toxicity with adequate disease control. The document advocates for personalized, optimized allo HSCT approaches tailored to patient, disease, and donor factors to further improve outcomes of AML patients.
Role of Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy and Immunotherapy in NSCLC Part IMohammed Fathy
1) Chemotherapy provides a modest survival benefit for early stage NSCLC based on multiple randomized trials. The absolute improvement in 5-year survival is approximately 5%.
2) The IALT trial showed a 4% improvement in 5-year survival with cisplatin-based chemotherapy compared to observation alone for stage I-III NSCLC.
3) The JBR.10 trial demonstrated an 11% absolute improvement in 5-year survival with vinorelbine and cisplatin compared to observation for stage IB-II NSCLC. However, the benefit was largely seen in stage II patients.
- Extended waiting time of more than 8 weeks between neoadjuvant chemoradiation and surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer resulted in higher rates of R0 resection and pathologic complete response compared to surgery within 8 weeks in a retrospective study. However, timing of full dose adjuvant chemotherapy may be delayed with longer waiting periods.
- Local excision after neoadjuvant chemoradiation or non-operative "wait and see" approaches may enable organ preservation in some patients who achieve a clinical complete response. However, accurate assessment of response can be challenging and long-term oncologic outcomes require further study.
Treatment of Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Erlotinib or Gefitinibseayat1103
This document discusses a clinical trial comparing the efficacy of erlotinib and gefitinib for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. The trial found that both erlotinib and gefitinib showed efficacy in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, with erlotinib demonstrating a median progression-free survival of 10.8 months compared to 5.4 months for standard chemotherapy in EGFR mutation-positive patients. Subsequent studies confirmed the superior efficacy of both erlotinib and gefitinib in NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, particularly those with exon 19 deletions or L858R mutations. The document concludes by discussing the current NCCN guidelines for use of erlotinib and
Roy H. Decker, MD, PhD; Kristin Higgins, MD; and Jyoti D. Patel, MD, prepared useful practice aids pertaining to immunotherapies in lung cancer for this CME/MOC activity titled “NSCLC Tumor Board: Navigating the Evolving Role of Immunotherapy in Multimodal Management of Locally Advanced and Early-Stage Lung Cancer.” For the full presentation, monograph, complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/2mFfEWE. CME/MOC credit will be available until October 22, 2020.
evolving role of anti angiogenesis in metastatic crcMohamed Abdulla
1) Anti-angiogenesis therapy with bevacizumab has improved progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer when added to first-line chemotherapy regimens.
2) The phase 3 VELOUR trial found that aflibercept, a soluble VEGF receptor fusion protein, combined with FOLFIRI chemotherapy improved overall survival compared to placebo plus FOLFIRI in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who had progressed on prior oxaliplatin-based therapy. Median overall survival was 13.50 months with aflibercept versus 12.06 months with placebo.
3) Treatment with aflibercept resulted in more dose modifications and discontinuations compared to placebo
Join Dr. Emily Chan presentation on the latest research and treatments for colorectal cancer patients presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Annual Meeting in Chicago.
This document provides an overview of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), including:
1. RCC is heterogeneous with clear cell type most common. Targeted therapies like sunitinib, sorafenib, everolimus, and temsirolimus have improved outcomes but resistance develops.
2. A phase II trial found sorafenib has limited efficacy in sunitinib-refractory RCC with a 9.6% response rate.
3. The RECORD-1 trial showed everolimus more than doubled progression-free survival compared to placebo in advanced RCC previously treated with sunitinib or sorafenib. Overall survival was also improved with everolimus
This document summarizes studies evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma. It discusses pivotal trials that led to FDA approval of nivolumab and pembrolizumab for relapsed/refractory HL after stem cell transplant and brentuximab vedotin. It also reviews mechanisms of action of PD-1 blockade in HL and efforts to combine checkpoint inhibitors with other agents or incorporate them into frontline treatment for high-risk patients.
This document summarizes key findings from the SPARTAN clinical trial evaluating the efficacy of apalutamide for the treatment of non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The study found that apalutamide significantly reduced the risk of distant metastasis or death by 72% compared to placebo. Apalutamide also improved progression-free survival, time to symptomatic progression, and delayed the time to initiation of cytotoxic chemotherapy. The most common adverse events with apalutamide were fatigue, hypertension, and rash.
The document discusses lung cancer incidence, mortality rates, and EGFR mutation rates in Jordan compared to global values. It also discusses molecular testing practices for NSCLC in Jordan, including which driver mutations are routinely tested, the tests used to detect EGFR mutations, and which exons are examined. Adjuvant EGFR therapy is not routinely used in Jordan for early-stage NSCLC. For progression on EGFR TKIs in mutated NSCLC, re-biopsy for T790M is done, and local therapies like stereotactic radiation are available treatment options.
Co-Chairs, Jessica Donington, MD, and Catherine Shu, MD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to NSCLC for this CME activity titled “EGFR-Targeted Therapy for Early-Stage NSCLC: What Thoracic Surgeons Need to Know.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3PsMX8N. CME credit will be available until February 21, 2024.
This document discusses recent updates in lung cancer. It begins by noting that lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the US and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Screening with low-dose CT scans can detect lung cancer earlier and has been shown to decrease lung cancer mortality by 20% compared to chest x-rays. The National Lung Screening Trial established low-dose CT screening as an effective screening method for those at high risk. Biomarker testing is important to identify driver mutations and guide targeted therapy options, though barriers like tissue availability and turnaround time exist. Osimertinib has demonstrated superior progression-free survival compared to earlier EGFR TKIs for patients with EGFR-mut
This document discusses a case of a 64-year-old man presenting with right flank pain and a history of smoking who is found to have clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC). He undergoes a right radical nephrectomy and pathology confirms grade 3 clear-cell RCC without margins or lymph node involvement. Small lung nodules are detected 18 months later and biopsy confirms metastatic clear cell RCC. Systemic therapy options for the metastatic disease are discussed, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy, and their combinations. Ongoing trials of immunotherapy in the adjuvant and metastatic settings are also summarized. Risk stratification models and their impact on treatment selection are reviewed.
Newer advances in diagnosis of Lung Cancer biomarkers provide a more comprehensive perspective. Molecular pathology now supplements traditional histologic classification, with biomarkers like EGFR, ALK, ROS1, and PD-L1 expression level guiding targeted therapy selection. Biomarker testing is important for identifying actionable mutations to help select appropriate targeted therapies and improve patient outcomes. However, barriers remain like insufficient tissue samples, long turnaround times, and lack of universal testing. Efforts are ongoing to address disparities and expand the use of liquid biopsy and next-generation sequencing to overcome challenges and improve personalized treatment of lung cancer.
Renal Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis And ManagementRHMBONCO
This document provides an overview of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), including its epidemiology, pathology, clinical presentation, evaluation and staging, prognosis, and treatment options. RCC incidence has been rising and is more common in men than women. Surgery is the main treatment for localized RCC, while targeted therapies like sorafenib and sunitinib have improved outcomes for metastatic RCC compared to previous chemotherapy options. Ongoing clinical trials are exploring adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies to improve prognosis.
The OUTBACK trial compared standard chemoradiation (CRT) to CRT plus adjuvant carboplatin and paclitaxel (ACT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. Over 900 patients were randomized 1:1 to receive either CRT alone or CRT followed by ACT. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between the two arms. The primary endpoint was overall survival and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival, adverse events, sites of recurrence, and patient-reported outcomes.
Hitting the Target in HER2-Positive Metastatic Colorectal Canceri3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck will share the latest data and strategies for hitting the target in HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer. Dr. Christopher Lieu, Associate Professor at the University of Colorado Cancer Center, explores actionable targets to inform personalized care plans, guideline-recommended combination and sequencing strategies, adverse event monitoring and management, and more.
STATEMENT OF NEED
An estimated 153,020 new cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) are diagnosed annually, and 52,550 people die of the disease (Siegel et al, 2023). Approximately 22% of patients present with metastatic disease, which is associated with a dismal 5-year survival rate of 15% (SEER, 2022). Targeting biomarkers is a key strategy for expanding therapeutic options and improving outcomes in metastatic CRC. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification status and treatments targeting HER2 are some of the most recent additions to the arsenal of targeted therapy for this disease. This activity chaired by Christopher Lieu, MD, Associate Director of Clinical Research at the University of Colorado Cancer Center, will provide expert perspectives and practical guidance on treating HER2-positive metastatic CRC.
TARGET AUDIENCE
Oncologists, gastroenterologists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, oncology nurses, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to
Distinguish actionable targets that can inform personalized care plans in metastatic CRC
Evaluate practice guidelines on treatment combinations and sequences for patients with metastatic CRC
Appraise emerging efficacy and safety data on novel targeted therapies for patients with HER2-positive metastatic CRC
Assess strategies for optimizing the safety and tolerability of novel targeted therapies for HER2-positive metastatic CRC
Tonight’s speakers: Dr. Dan Sargent and Kim Ryan
Disclaimer: “This Report is not an official event of the 2012 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium. Not sponsored or endorsed by any of the cosponsoring organizations of the 2012 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium.”
Edward S. Kim, MD, FACP, prepared useful practice aids pertaining to EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC in this CME/MOC/CNE/CPE activity titled "Beyond Clinical Trials: Can Real-World Evidence Provide a Roadmap for Long-Term Treatment Planning in EGFR Mutation-Positive NSCLC? Data-Driven Guidance on Patient Selection, Therapeutic Sequencing, and Tailored Use of Expanding Options." For the full presentation, downloadable practice aids, monograph, complete CME/MOC/CNE/CPE information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/2AYGddF. CME/MOC/CNE/CPE credit will be available until January 31, 2019.
T4 Larynx cancer can be treated with ChemoradiotherapyAjeet Gandhi
Traditionally, T4 larynx cancers are recommended to undergo surgery as the primary modality of treatment. However, a select group of patients may be treated with CTRT
Best of ASCO Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung CancerH. Jack West
Dr. Jack West's presentation on highlights in advanced non-small cell lung cancer from ASCO 2014, focusing on new agents ramucirumab and necitumumab for broad NSCLC populations, crizotinib and ceritinib for ALK-positive NSCLC, EGFR inhibitor-options of afatinib and bevacizumab added to erlotinib for first line treatment of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC, and AZD9291 or CO1686 for EGFR mutation-positive patients with acquired resistance.
Recent advances in the management of ovarian cancer include:
1) Optimal treatment of early-stage disease involves debulking surgery followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy based on trials showing improved recurrence-free and overall survival.
2) Maintenance therapy with bevacizumab or PARP inhibitors prolongs progression-free survival and overall survival compared to placebo in recurrent platinum-sensitive disease.
3) The role of secondary cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy in recurrent disease continues to be evaluated in ongoing clinical trials.
This document summarizes information about immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It provides data on key clinical trials that evaluated immunotherapy drugs like nivolumab and pembrolizumab in previously treated NSCLC. It shows the efficacy results including overall survival benefits from these trials compared to chemotherapy. Long-term survival outcomes are also presented from pooled analyses of nivolumab trials with over 3 years of follow-up data.
This document discusses biomarkers in cancer immunotherapy. It begins by defining an immuno-biomarker as a measurable indicator of the immune system's response to cancer or its treatment. Biomarkers can be used to predict response, resistance, toxicity, and hyperprogression to immunotherapy. Popular biomarkers discussed include PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. The predictive value of these biomarkers is explored for various cancer types. Limitations and heterogeneity of PD-L1 expression are also noted. The document examines ongoing efforts to standardize the measurement and clinical application of biomarkers to optimize immunotherapy.
Fix - Off Label Chemotherapy Discussion ISMI HOTTI 2019 2019.10.31.pptxfransiskusrendy
Brentuximab is approved for first line treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma based on pivotal studies showing improved progression-free survival compared to physician's choice. Brigatinib is approved for NSCLC previously treated with crizotinib based on a trial showing improved progression-free survival compared to placebo. Lenvatinib is approved as first line treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma based on a trial showing non-inferior overall survival and improved progression-free survival compared to sorafenib. Osimertinib is approved as first line treatment for EGFR mutant NSCLC based on a trial showing improved progression-free survival compared to first generation EGFR TKIs.
This document discusses treatment de-escalation strategies for HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer. It provides details on the natural history of HPV and its life cycles. It also summarizes several clinical trials that aimed to de-escalate treatment intensity through strategies like reduced radiation doses, substituting chemotherapy agents, and limiting treatment volumes. One study found that substituting cetuximab for cisplatin reduced survival rates. Another trial found that induction chemotherapy followed by reduced radiation if patients responded well was feasible but came with increased toxicity. A third study found that transoral surgery followed by hyperfractionated radiotherapy with docetaxel achieved high rates of local control and survival with acceptable toxicity levels.
Chair, Natasha B. Leighl, MD, MMSc, FRCPC, FASCO, Zofia Piotrowska, MD, and Catherine Shu, MD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to NSCLC for this CME/MOC activity titled “Refining Biomarker Testing and Targeted Treatment of NSCLC With Common and Uncommon EGFR Mutations.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3OAddvR. CME/MOC credit will be available until October 24, 2023.
Similar to New Horizons in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Broadening the Impact of Precision Testing in the Context of an Expanding Treatment Landscape (20)
Chair, William Anderson, MD, discusses severe asthma in this CME/MOC/NCPD/CPE/AAPA activity titled “Improving Outcomes for Pediatric Patients With Uncontrolled Moderate-to-Severe Asthma Using a Collaborative Approach: Recognition, Referral, and Management in the Era of Targeted Treatment Options.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/NCPD/CPE/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3IJWFAR. CME/MOC/NCPD/CPE/AAPA credit will be available until June 13, 2025.
Chair and Presenters Professor Stephen Johnston, MA, PhD, Patrick Neven, MD, PhD, and Joyce O’Shaughnessy, MD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to breast cancer for this CME/MOC/CPD/NCPD/CPE/AAPA activity titled “Safeguarding Patients With HR+, HER2-, High-Risk, Early Breast Cancer: A Practical Roadmap for CDK4/6 Inhibition in the Adjuvant Setting.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/CPD/NCPD/CPE/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/49HZ5fH. CME/MOC/CPD/NCPD/CPE/AAPA credit will be available until June 21, 2025.
Chair and Presenters Professor Stephen Johnston, MA, PhD, Patrick Neven, MD, PhD, and Joyce O’Shaughnessy, MD, discuss breast cancer in this CME/MOC/CPD/NCPD/CPE/AAPA activity titled “Safeguarding Patients With HR+, HER2-, High-Risk, Early Breast Cancer: A Practical Roadmap for CDK4/6 Inhibition in the Adjuvant Setting.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/CPD/NCPD/CPE/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/49HZ5fH. CME/MOC/CPD/NCPD/CPE/AAPA credit will be available until June 21, 2025.
Chair, Javier Morales, MD, FACP, FACE, discusses Type 2 diabetes in this CME/CE/AAPA activity titled “Cases in the Community: Optimizing Treatment and Considering Weight Management as a Primary Goal in People with T2DM.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/CE/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at . CME/CE/AAPA credit will be available until June 11, 2025.
Chair, Nicole Lamanna, MD, discusses chronic lymphocytic leukemia in this CME activity titled “Redefining Frontlines in CLL: Key Questions on the Role of CIT, BTKi Standards, and Innovative BTKi Combinations.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/49Mazi3. CME credit will be available until June 11, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Val J. Lowe, MD, and Cyrus A. Raji, MD, PhD, discuss Alzheimer’s disease in this CME/AAPA activity titled “Alzheimer’s Disease Case Conference: Gearing Up for the Expanding Role of Neuroradiology in Diagnosis and Treatment.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3PvVY25. CME/AAPA credit will be available until June 28, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Val J. Lowe, MD, and Cyrus A. Raji, MD, PhD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to Alzheimer’s disease for this CME/AAPA activity titled “Alzheimer’s Disease Case Conference: Gearing Up for the Expanding Role of Neuroradiology in Diagnosis and Treatment.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3PvVY25. CME/AAPA credit will be available until June 28, 2025.
Chair, Monica Gandhi, MD, MPH, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to HIV for this CME/MOC/CE/AAPA activity titled “Adapting HIV Treatment for People With Substance Use Disorder.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/CE/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/49hgPxT. CME/MOC/CE/AAPA credit will be available until June 4, 2025.
Chair, Monica Gandhi, MD, MPH, discusses HIV in this CME/MOC/CE/AAPA activity titled “Adapting HIV Treatment for People With Substance Use Disorder.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/CE/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/49hgPxT. CME/MOC/CE/AAPA credit will be available until June 4, 2025.
Chair, Carla M. Nester, MD, MSA, FASN, discusses glomerular kidney disease in this CME activity titled “Aligning Clinical Practice With Emerging Evidence: Navigating the Rapidly Evolving Landscape of Glomerular Kidney Disease Management.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3wJPTs1. CME credit will be available until June 4, 2025.
Chair and Presenter Rohit Loomba, MD, MHSc, and Alina M. Allen, MD, MS, discuss metabolic dysfunction–associated steatohepatitis in this CME activity titled “Experts vs AI: Who Is Better at Monitoring and Treating MASLD and MASH?.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3O53xMy. CME credit will be available until June 19, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Prof. Mohamad Mohty, MD, PhD, and Caitlin Costello, MD, discuss refractory multiple myeloma in this CME/CPD activity titled “Five Steps for Integrating BCMA Bispecific Innovations: From Clinical Data to Clinical Practice in RRMM.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/CPD information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3UFL0dt. CME/CPD credit will be available until 5 June 2025.
Co-Chairs, Doreen J. Addrizzo-Harris, MD, and Cedric "Jamie" Rutland, MD, discuss non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in this CME/MOC/AAPA activity titled “Stories Behind the Science in Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: Understanding Disease Burden, Diagnosing Early, and Looking Toward New Management Options.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3KlxjL9. CME/MOC/AAPA credit will be available until June 19, 2025.
Co-Chairs Riad Salem, MD, MBA, and Mark Yarchoan, MD, discuss liver cancer in this CME/MOC activity titled “Establishing the Collaborative Benchmark for HCC Care: Critical Discussions Between Interventional Radiologists and Oncologists to Maximize Therapeutic Benefit.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3IOQvQ6. CME/MOC credit will be available until June 14, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Brett Elicker, MD, and David E. Griffith, MD, ATSF, ACCP, OFRSM, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis for this CME/MOC activity titled “Bridging the Gap to Improved Outcomes in Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: Ensuring Prompt Diagnosis Through Accurate Interpretation of CT Imaging.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/48WUULu. CME/MOC credit will be available until June 4, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Brett Elicker, MD, and David E. Griffith, MD, ATSF, ACCP, OFRSM, discuss non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in this CME/MOC activity titled “Bridging the Gap to Improved Outcomes in Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis: Ensuring Prompt Diagnosis Through Accurate Interpretation of CT Imaging.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/48WUULu. CME/MOC credit will be available until June 4, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Jonathan E. McConathy, MD, PhD, and Gil Rabinovici, MD, discuss Alzheimer's disease in this CME/AAPA activity titled “Applying Advances in PET Imaging to Facilitate the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Preparing Nuclear Medicine and Radiology Specialists for New Diagnostic Workflows.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/45RFl6g. CME/AAPA credit will be available until June 15, 2025.
Co-Chairs Sarah Hayward, PharmD, BCOP, and Ambar Khan, PharmD, BCOP, discuss endometrial and cervical cancers in this CME/CPE/IPCE activity titled “A Pharmacist’s Take on Navigating the Expanding Therapeutic Landscape for Endometrial and Cervical Cancers: Insights on Coordinating and Delivering Effective Modern Care.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/CPE/IPCE information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3wGBPQp. CME/CPE/IPCE credit will be available until May 27, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Suzanne Lentzsch, MD, PhD, and Joshua Richter, MD, discuss multiple myeloma in this CME activity titled “‘Four-Ward’ Progress in NDMM: New Developments With CD38 Antibody Quadruplets.” For the full presentation and complete CME information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3x3oWA3. CME credit will be available until May 23, 2025.
Co-Chairs, Jessica Donington, MD, and Jonathan D. Spicer, MD, PhD, FRCSC, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to lung cancer for this CME/MOC/AAPA activity titled “Transforming Care and Outcomes With Immunotherapy in Stage I-III Resectable NSCLC: A Case Exploration of New Standards and Emerging Approaches.” For the full presentation, downloadable Practice Aids, and complete CME/MOC/AAPA information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at https://bit.ly/3TxdcP5. CME/MOC/AAPA credit will be available until June 7, 2025.
More from PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education (20)
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Kosmoderma Academy, a leading institution in the field of dermatology and aesthetics, offers comprehensive courses in cosmetology and trichology. Our specialized courses on PRP (Hair), DR+Growth Factor, GFC, and Qr678 are designed to equip practitioners with advanced skills and knowledge to excel in hair restoration and growth treatments.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
Travel Clinic Cardiff: Health Advice for International TravelersNX Healthcare
Travel Clinic Cardiff offers comprehensive travel health services, including vaccinations, travel advice, and preventive care for international travelers. Our expert team ensures you are well-prepared and protected for your journey, providing personalized consultations tailored to your destination. Conveniently located in Cardiff, we help you travel with confidence and peace of mind. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
pathology MCQS introduction to pathology general pathology
New Horizons in EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: Broadening the Impact of Precision Testing in the Context of an Expanding Treatment Landscape
1. Therapies for EGFR-Mutated NSCLC
Current Approvals and Indications1
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at PeerView.com/CWE40
1. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/hematologyoncology-cancer-approvals-safety-notifications.
First-Generation
Reversible EGFR TKIs
Third-Generation
Irreversible EGFR TKI
Third-Generation
Irreversible EGFR TKI
Osimertinib
Osimertinib
EGFR TKI + VEGFR2
Antagonist
Erlotinib + Ramucirumab
Second-Generation
Irreversible EGFR TKIs
Gefitinib Erlotinib
Metastatic
Early Stage
Afatinib Dacomitinib
• 1L for EGFR exon 19
deletions or L858R
mutations
• 1L for EGFR exon 19 deletions or L858R mutations
• Treatment of T790M-positive NSCLC with progression
on or after EGFR TKI therapy
• 1L for EGFR exon 19 deletions or L858R mutations
• Adjuvant therapy after tumor resection in patients with stage IB-IIIA NSCLC
whose tumors have EGFR exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations
• 1L for EGFR exon 19
deletions or L858R
mutations
• 1L for EGFR exon 19
deletions or L858R, S768I,
L861Q, and/or G719X
mutations
• 1L for EGFR exon 19
deletions or L858R
mutations
2. Molecular Testing Guidelines for NSCLC
Latest Updates, Best Practices, and Patient-Reported Insights1
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at
PeerView.com/CWE40
Why Test Lung Cancer Patients for Genomic Alterations?
• Genomic alterations are common in nonsquamous NSCLC (approximately 50%)
• Targeted therapies produce better treatment outcomes (eg, higher response rates, improved quality of life) compared
with chemotherapy as treatment of NSCLC with genomic alterations
• Immunotherapy has low efficacy and a high risk of serious adverse events in patients with NSCLC with molecular
driver alterations
Which Molecular Targets Are Relevant for Testing in NSCLC?
Genotypes with emerging
targeted therapies
q EGFR exon 20 mutations
q HER2 mutations
q KRAS G12C mutations
q MET amplifications
q Many other promising targets with
matched therapies are undergoing
investigation in trials
Genotypes with approved
targeted therapies
q EGFR mutations
q ALK rearrangements
q ROS1 rearrangements
q BRAF V600E mutations
q NTRK fusions
q MET exon 14 skipping mutations
q RET fusions
Molecular alterations to test for in patients
with newly diagnosed stage IV NSCLC
Molecular alterations to test for in patients with resectable stage IB-IIIA NSCLC
• EGFR mutations (exon 19 deletions or exon 21 L858R mutations)
The specific genes covered vary by assay; therefore, it is important to know which
genes/alterations are covered by each assay
Which Molecular Testing Techniques Should Be Used for Detection
of Different Molecular Alterations in NSCLC?1
++: Highest sensitivity +: Lower sensitivity (higher chance of false negative) –: Not useful
Tissue PCR
sequencing
Tissue allele–specific
PCR sequencing
Tissue FISH
Tissue IHC
Tissue NGS
ctDNA PCR
ctDNA NGS
Tissue RNA
EGFR
(Sensitizing
andT790M)
+
++
–
–
++
+
+
+
HER2
Mutation
+
++
–
–
++
+
+
+
MET
Exon 14
Mutation
–
++
–
–
++
+
+
++
BRAF
Mutation
+
++
–
–
++
+
+
+
KRAS
Mutation
+
++
–
–
++
+
+
+
ALK
Rearrangement
–
–
++
++
+
+
+
++
ROS1
Rearrangement
–
–
++
–
+
–
+
++
MET
Amplification
–
–
++
–
+
–
+
+
RET
Rearrangement
–
–
++
–
+
+
+
++
PD-L1 Protein
Expression
–
–
–
++
–
–
–
–
NTRK
Fusion
–
–
++
+
+
–
+
++
3. Molecular Testing Guidelines for NSCLC
Latest Updates, Best Practices, and Patient-Reported Insights1
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at
PeerView.com/CWE40
• NCCN guidelines recommend plasma-based testing for all patients with advanced-stage,
treatment-naïve lung cancer for whom tissue sampling may be infeasible or insufficient
• Recent studies found that simultaneously adding plasma ctDNA analysis to tissue testing
enhanced the chances of detecting a relevant actionable mutation
• Based on these findings, it is reasonable to consider plasma-based testing for every patient with
advanced-stage, treatment-naïve lung cancer who has a tissue biopsy
• A new tissue biopsy and/or ctDNA plasma test also needs to occur when patients with
genotype-directed NSCLC develop resistance/disease progression while on targeted TKI therapy
75%
more actionable
mutations found
with tissue +
plasma vs
tissue alone
When Should Liquid Biopsies Be Considered for Use?
Use liquid biopsy when
• Biopsy is insufficient
• Biopsy is not feasible
• cfDNA is a more suitable
sample than biopsy
Timing considerations
Benefits
ü Minimally invasive, highly
accessible
ü Multiple sampling easy:
enables real-time monitoring
ü Systemic approach: may
effectively capture tumor
heterogeneity
cfDNA
Plasma Body
Fluids
Screening Diagnosis
Staging and
prognosis
Therapy
selection
Monitoring
4. Molecular Testing Guidelines for NSCLC
Latest Updates, Best Practices, and Patient-Reported Insights1
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at
PeerView.com/CWE40
a
Patient self-reported data obtained from GO2
Foundation for Lung Cancer's 1-800 help line. Population comprised mostly of US-based patients (approx. 95%) and includes those being treated at
community cancer centers and academic centers.
1. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/personalized-genotype-directed-therapy-for-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-cancer. 2. Provided courtesy of GO2
Foundation for Lung Cancer.
Molecular Testing/Biomarker Testing
I don't know if the cancer was tested
The cancer was not tested
The cancer was tested and I know the results
The cancer was tested and I don't know the results
Total
2018, %
(n)
27.21
(151)
12.25
(68)
48.11
(267)
12.43
(69)
100
(555)
2019, %
(n)
21.22
(222)
10.13
(106)
56.12
(587)
12.52
(131)
21.22
(1,046)
2020 (Q1-Q3), %
(n)
21.75
(122)
10.16
(57)
58.65
(329)
100
(561)
9.45
(53)
Real-World, Patient-Reported Biomarker Data2,a
Why should patients be educated about the
importance of molecular testing and informed
about their results?
Shortcomings exist in current molecular
testing rates as well as patient awareness
about testing and their testing results
5. Addressing Unmet Needs and Improving Outcomes in Early-Stage NSCLC
New Role for Adjuvant EGFR-Targeted Therapy1
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at PeerView.com/CWE40
• About 30% of patients with NSCLC present with resectable
disease at diagnosis1-3
• Surgery with curative intent is the primary treatment for these
patients4
• Adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is recommended for
patients with resectable stage II-IIIA NSCLC and select patients
with stage IB disease5
• Adjuvant impact depends on stage, and there is much room
for improvement6
• Rates of disease recurrence following surgery remain high across
disease stages, regardless of postoperative chemotherapy use7
On December 18, 2020, the FDA approved osimertinib
for adjuvant therapy after tumor resection in patients
with NSCLC whose tumors have EGFR exon 19 deletions
or exon 21 L858R mutations, as detected by an
FDA-approved test
New
Approval
NSCLC 5-Year Overall Survival
Stage I (IB) Stage II Stage III
CALGB
JBR.10
ALPI
IALT
ANITA
LACE
34 57 9
30 7 63
36 60 4
33 65 2
36 60
33 64 3
32 45 23
53 32 15
53 43 4
43 39 18
51 39 10
76 19 5
55 30 15
51 26
61 26 13
23
4
Death (%) with/without chemotherapy
Survival without chemotherapy
Survival due to chemotherapy
Death due to chemotherapy
Localized/early stage
Stage IB Stage II Stage IIIA
Regional/locally advanced
6. Addressing Unmet Needs and Improving Outcomes in Early-Stage NSCLC
New Role for Adjuvant EGFR-Targeted Therapy1
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at PeerView.com/CWE40
ADAURA: Phase 3 Double-Blind Studya
DFS According to Investigator Assessment10
Patients with completely resected stageb
IB, II, IIIA NSCLC, with or without adjuvant chemoc
Stage I to IIA Disease Stage IB to IIIA Disease
• EGFR TKIs are standard of care for patients with EGFRmut advanced NSCLC
• Previous studies have suggested there may be a role for EGFR TKIs in the resected setting, but results have been inconclusive8,9
• ADAURA: Based on efficacy and safety data, and the new FDA approval, adjuvant osimertinib represents a big opportunity to improve outcomes in more patients
with early-stage NSCLC10
• ≥18 y (Japan/Taiwan, ≥20 y)
• WHO PS 0/1
• Confirmed primary nonsquamous NSCLC
• Ex19del/L858Rd
• Brain imaging, if not completed
preoperatively
• Complete resection with negative marginse
• Maximum interval between surgery and
randomization: 10 wk without adjuvant
chemo; 26 wk with adjuvant chemo
• At 24 mo, 90% of patients treated with osimertinib (95% CI, 84-93) and 44%
of patients treated with placebo (95% CI, 37-51) were alive and disease free
• HR = 0.17; 99.06% CI, 0.11-0.26; P < .001; 83% reduction in risk of disease
recurrence or death
• In the overall population, 89% of patients treated with osimertinib (95% CI, 85-92)
and 52% of patients treated with placebo (95% CI, 46-58) were alive and disease free
at 24 mo
• HR = 0.20; 99.12% CI, 0.11-0.26; P < .001; 80% reduction in risk of disease
recurrence or death
• Primary endpoints: DFS by investigator assessment in stage II/IIIA patients; designed for superiority under the assumed DFS HR of 0.70
• Secondary endpoints: DFS in the overall population;f
DFS at 2, 3, 4, and 5 years; OS; safety; QoL
Osimertinib
90% DFS
Placebo
44% DFS
Stratified by
• Stage (IB vs II vs IIIA)
• EGFRmut (ex19del
vs L858R)
• Race (Asian
vs non-Asian)
Planned treatment duration: 3 y
Treatment continues until
• Disease recurrence
• Treatment completed
• Discontinuation criteria met
Follow-up
• Until recurrence: wk 12 and 24,
then every 24 wk to 5 y, then yearly
• After recurrence: every 24 wk for
5 y, then yearly
Patients
Osimertinib
80 mg, once daily
Placebo
once daily
Osimertinib
89% DFS
Placebo
52% DFS
1:1 randomization
7. Addressing Unmet Needs and Improving Outcomes in Early-Stage NSCLC
New Role for Adjuvant EGFR-Targeted Therapy1
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at PeerView.com/CWE40
a
NCT0251106; ADAURA data cutoff: January 17, 2020. b
AJCC, 7th edition. c
Prior, post, and planned radiotherapy was not allowed. d
Centrally confirmed in tissue. e
Patients received a CT after resection and within 28 days before treatment. f
Stage IB/II/IIIA.
1. Datta D, Lahiri B. Chest. 2003;123:2096-2103. 2. Le Chevalier T. Ann Oncol. 2010;21(suppl 7):vii196-vii198. 3. Cagle PT et al. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2013;137:1191-1198. 4. Chansky K et al. J Thorac Oncol. 2017;12:1109-1121. 5. Postmus PE et al. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(suppl 4):iv1-iv21.
6. Kris MG et al. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:2960-2974. 7. Pignon J et al. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:3552-3559. 8. Wu Y-L et al. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(suppl 15):9005. 9. Huang Q et al. Chest. 2016;149:1384-1392. 10. Wu Y et al. N Engl J Med. 2020;383:825-835.
Subgroup HR 95% CI
Overall (N = 682)
Stratified log-rank
Unadjusted Cox PH
0.21
0.20
0.16 -0.28
0.14 -0.29
Sex
Male (n = 204)
Female (n = 478)
0.21
0.20
0.11 -0.38
0.12 -0.30
Age
<65 y (n = 380)
≥65 y (n = 302)
0.18
0.24
0.10 -0.28
0.14 -0.38
Smoking status
Smoker (n = 194)
Nonsmoker (n = 488)
0.14
0.23
0.06 -0.27
0.15 -0.34
Race
Asian (n = 434)
Non-Asian (n = 248)
0.22
0.17
0.14 -0.33
0.08 -0.31
Stage
Stage IB (n = 212)
Stage II (n = 236)
Stage IIIA (n = 234)
0.50
0.17
0.12
0.25 -0.96
0.08 -0.31
0.07 -0.20
EGFRmut
Exon 19 deletion (n = 378)
L858R (n = 304)
0.12
0.35
0.07 -0.20
0.21 -0.55
Adjuvant chemo
Yes (n = 378)
No (n = 304)
0.18
0.23
0.11 -0.29
0.13 -0.38
0.01 0.1 1
Favors osimertinib Favors placebo
HR for DFS (95% CI)
Safety profile was consistent with the established safety profile
of osimertinib, with mild EGFR TKI class effects reported
Consistent improvement in DFS was seen regardless of whether
patients received prior adjuvant chemotherapy
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 56
Probability
of
DFS
Time, mo
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
0 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48
Probability
of
DFS
Time, mo
Osimertinib
Placebo HR = 0.16 (95%CI, 0.10-0.26)
Osimertinib
Placebo HR = 0.23 (95%CI, 0.13-0.40)
Osimertinib (N = 337), N (%) Placebo (N = 343), N (%)
Adverse Event Any Grade Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Any Grade Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3
Diarrhea 156 (46) 116 (34) 32 (19) 8 (2) 68 (20) 54 (16) 13 (4) 1 (<1)
Paronychia 85 (25) 31 (9) 50 (15) 3 (1) 5 (1) 3 (1) 2 (1) 0
Dry skin 79 (23) 75 (22) 3 (1) 1 (<1) 22 (6) 18 (5) 4 (1) 0
Pruritus 65 (19) 49 (15) 16 (5) 0 30 (9) 28 (8) 2 (1) 0
Cough 62 (18) 43 (13) 19 (6) 0 57 (17) 42 (12) 15 (4) 0
Stomatitis 59 (18) 35 (10) 18 (5) 6 (2) 14 (4) 10 (3) 4 (1) 0
Nasopharyngitis 47 (14) 30 (9) 17 (5) 0 35 (10) 25 (7) 10 (3) 0
Upper respiratory infection 45 (13) 24 (7) 19 (6) 2 (1) 35 (10) 19 (6) 16 (5) 0
Decreased appetite 44 (13) 29 (9) 13 (4) 2 (1) 13 (4) 9 (3) 4 (1) 0
Mouth ulceration 39 (12)
37 (11)
32 (9) 7 (2) 0 8 (2) 6 (2) 2 (1) 0
Dermatitis acneiform 29 (9) 8 (2) 0 16 (5) 12 (3) 4 (1) 0
1.0
Adverse Events10
DFS by Investigator ± Adjuvant Chemo10
CNS DFS by Investigator in the Overall Population10
Subgroup Analysis of DFS by Investigator10
Osimertinib DFS benefit was observed across all predefined subgroups Osimertinib was associated with fewer local/regional and distant
relapses, with a lower incidence of metastatic disease in patients with
recurrence, including fewer CNS recurrence events
HR = 0.18 (95% CI, 0.10-0.33; P < .0001)
Adjuvant osimertinib
demonstrated a clinically
meaningful improvement in
CNS DFS compared
with placebo
82%
reduction
in CNS DFS
Adjuvant osimertinib
is the first targeted agent
to show a statistically
significant and clinically
meaningful improvement
in DFS in patients with
stage IB/II/IIIA EGFRmut
NSLC10
8. The Emerging Role of EGFR Exon 20 Insertions in NSCLC
A New Era of Targeted Therapy
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at PeerView.com/CWE40
Impact of Deletions and Insertions on EGFR Activation1,2
Incidence of EGFR Exon 20 Insertions in NSCLC1-3
• EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations represent the third most common EGFR mutation in NSCLC1
• First- and second-generation EGFR TKIs have limited efficacy in patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR exon 20 insertions1
• Advances with EGFR TKIs and bispecific antibodies may establish a new standard of care in NSCLC for patients with EGFR exon 20 insertions1
WT EGFR WT EGFR
Exon 19 Deletion Exon 20 Insertion
Deletions
Insertions
“C-helix
in”
“C-helix
out”
Inactive Active
Active Active
β3
β3
β3
β4
β4
β4
β3
β4
• Insertions: 6%
• S768I: 1%
• T790M (de novo): 5%
EGFR
1.7%
D761-E762
insX
“Classical” EGFR mutations
Exon 19 deletions L858R
Extracellular
domain
Trans-
membrane
domain
Tyrosine kinase
domain
I/II III/IV
Exon
18
Exon
19
Exon
20
Exon
21
Exon
22
Exon
23
Exon 20 insertions
C-helix Loop following C-helix
762
E
763
A
764
Y
765
V
766
M
767
A
768
S
769
V
770
D
771
N
772
P
773
H
774
V
775
C
A763-Y764
insX
Y764-V765
insX
V765-M766
insX
A767-S768
insX
S768-V769
insX
V769-D770
insX
D770
N771
insX
N771-P772
insX
P772-H773
insX
H773-V774
insX
V774-C775
insX
4.6%
0.3%
0.3%
1.4%
0.9%
5.4%
8.3%
22.6%
4.3%
Percentage
of
Total
Exon
20
EGFR
Insertions
(n
=
349)
761
D
24.6%
25.5%
• 4%-10% of all EGFR-mutant NSCLC
- This could be limited by testing type
• First/second-generation EGFR TKIs have
limited activity
- Erlotinib/gefitinib: mPFS, 1.5-2 mo
- Afatinib: mPFS, 2.9 mo
• Worse prognosis than other types
of EGFR-mutant NSCLC
Exon 18
3%
Exon 19
45%
Exon 21
42%
Exon 20
10%
9. The Emerging Role of EGFR Exon 20 Insertions in NSCLC
A New Era of Targeted Therapy
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at PeerView.com/CWE40
Emerging Treatment Strategies for NSCLC With EGFR Exon 20 Insertions1
Amivantamab
Osimertinib Mobocertinib
Tarloxotinib Poziotinib
CLN-081a
EGFR/MET bispecific antibody
Third-generation EGFR TKI EGFR/HER2 exon 20ins TKI
EGFR/HER2/HER4 TKI
Pan-EGFR-mutation TKI
Hypoxia-activated EGFR TKI
C-lobe
Exon 20
insertions
Exon 19
deletions
Gly719
A-loop
Leu858
Leu861
N-lobe
EGFR
10. The Emerging Role of EGFR Exon 20 Insertions in NSCLC
A New Era of Targeted Therapy
Full abbreviations, accreditation, and disclosure information available at PeerView.com/CWE40
a
Other name: TAS6417.
1. Remon J et al. Cancer Treat Rev. 2020;90:102105. 2. Vyse S, Huang PH. Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2019;4:5. 3. Le X et al. 2020 American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting (AACR 2020). Abstract CT081. 4. Socinski M et al. European Society for Medical Oncology
Congress 2020 (ESMO 2020). Abstract LBA60. 5. Riely G et al. ESMO 2020. Abstract 1261MO. 6. Park K et al. 2020 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting (ASCO 2020). Abstract 9512. 7. Piotrowska Z et al. ASCO 2020. Abstract 9513. 8. Piotrowska Z et al. ESMO 2020.
Abstract 1345P. 9. Liu S et al. ESMO 2020. Abstract LBA61. 10. Hamilton EP et al. ASCO 2020. Abstract TPS3665.
Overview of Emerging Targeted Therapies for NSCLC With EGFR Exon 20 Mutations
Drug MOA n ORR mPFS Major Toxicities
Dose
Reduction
Discontinuation
Due to Toxicity
FDA BT
Therapy
Poziotinib3,4
TKI 115 15% 4.2 mo
82% diarrhea; 26% gr 3+
68% rash; 30% gr 3+
78% 12% –
Mobocertinib5
(TAK-788)
TKI 28 43% 7.3 mo
88% diarrhea; 22% gr 3+
25% rash; 1% gr 3+
49% nausea; 4% gr 3+
NR NR
Amivantamab6
(JNJ-372)
EGFR/
MET Ab
39 36%
8.3 mo
(95% CI,
3.0-14.8)
72% rash; 0% gr3
60% infusion reaction
34% paronychia
10% 6%
Osimertinib7
TKI 17 24% 9.6 mo
76% diarrhea; 0% gr 3+
38% rash; 0% gr 3+
10% gr 3+ plts,
10% gr 3+ QTc
NR 1/17 –
CLN-0818
TKI 22
35%
(uncon-
firmed)
NR
60% rash; 0% gr 3+
13% stomatitis, 0% gr 3
9% 0% –
Tarloxotinib9
Hypoxia-
activated
TKI
11 0% –
61% QTc prolonged; 35% gr 3+
43% rash; 4% gr 3+
21% diarrhea; 4% gr 3+
5/23 (22%) 1/23 (4%) –
BDTX-18910
Oral
allosteric
ErbB
inhibitor
Phase 1 study ongoing (NCT04209465)
Targeted
Therapies
for EGFR
Exon 20
Insertions
Other Emerging
Therapies
for EGFR
Exon 20
Insertions