The document provides an overview of basic networking concepts, including: 1) It defines what a network is and discusses the benefits of networking such as resource sharing, data sharing, and mobility. 2) It lists different types of networks including personal area networks, local area networks, metropolitan area networks, and wide area networks. 3) It briefly outlines the history of networking, including early networks developed in the 1960s-1970s that helped lay the foundations for the ARPANET and Internet.

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10. BASIC NETWORKING

11. What is a Network?

12. Why do we network? No man is an island, so as a Computer or a device…

13. Benefits of a Network Resource Sharing Data and Applications Mobility Network Storage Backup Devices

15. Kinds of Network

16. Personal Area Network

17. Local Area Network

18. Metropolitan Area Network

19. Wide Area Network

20. Solar Area Network

21. Star Trek Area Network

22. Network Topology

23. BUS TOPOLOGY

24. RING TOPOLOGY

25. DUAL- RING TOPOLOGY

26. STAR TOPOLOGY

27. HIERARCHICAL TOPOLOGY

28. MESH TOPOLOGY

29. PARTIAL-MESH TOPOLOGY

30. Characteristic of Network Speed Cost Security Availability Scalability Reliability Topology

31. Bits of History.. September 1940- George Stibitz used a teletype machine to send instructions for a problem set from his Model K at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire to his Complex Number Calculator in New York and received results back by the same means.

32. Bits of History.. In 1962, J.C.R. Licklider was hired and developed a working group he called the "Intergalactic Network", a precursor to the ARPANet (Advanced Research Projects Agency)

33. Bit of History.. In 1964, researchers at Dartmouth developed the Dartmouth Time Sharing System for distributed users of large computer systems. DTSS was the first large-scale time-sharing system to be implemented successfully

34. Bits of History… The same year, at MIT , a research group supported by General Electric and Bell Labs used a computer (DEC's PDP-8 ) to route and manage telephone connections.

35. Bits of History… Throughout the 1960s Leonard Kleinrock , Paul Baran and Donald Davies independently conceptualized and developed network systems which used datagrams or packets that could be used in a packet switched network between computer systems.

36. Bits of History… 1965 Thomas Merrill and Lawrence G. Roberts created the first wide area network(WAN) The first widely used PSTN (public switched telephone network) switch that used true computer control was the Western Electric 1ESS switch , introduced in 1965.

37. Bits of History… In 1969 the University of California at Los Angeles , SRI (in Stanford), University of California at Santa Barbara , and the University of Utah were connected as the beginning of the ARPANet network using 50 kbit/s circuits. Commercial services using X.25 , an alternative architecture to the TCP/IP suite, were deployed in 1972.

38. Bits of History… Computer networks, and the technologies needed to connect and communicate through and between them, continue to drive computer hardware , software , and peripherals industries. This expansion is mirrored by growth in the numbers and types of users of networks from the researcher to the home user.

39. Bits of History… Today, computer networks are the core of modern communication . All modern aspects of the PSTN are computer-controlled Telephony increasingly runs over the Internet Protocol ,

40. OSI OPEN SYSTEMS INTERCONNECTION MODEL

41. OSI MODEL