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The document provides an overview of computer network history and components. It discusses the development of computer networking from the 18th century through the modern Internet. A key development was the ARPANET in the late 1960s, which was funded by the US Defense Department to link research computers over telephone lines and provide redundancy in case of an attack. The document defines a computer network as a set of computers connected to share resources, with the most common being Internet access. It outlines the goals of networks in sharing resources, performance, reliability, scalability, and security. Applications of networks include business, communication, e-commerce, and home use. The key components are hardware like network interface cards, servers, and cables, as well as software
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Internet
The internet began in the late 1960s as a network called ARPANET, created by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the US Department of Defense. ARPANET linked together mainframe computers and allowed for communication between remote users. In the 1980s, the National Science Foundation created NSFNet, a higher speed network, to connect universities and allow for resource sharing. By the early 1990s, NSFNet had replaced ARPANET as the backbone network, and commercial networks began using the TCP/IP protocols, fueling rapid growth of the public internet.
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The document provides an introduction to the internet for beginners. It explains that the internet is a network of networks that connects millions of computers globally. The internet originated as a project of the US Department of Defense called ARPAnet to allow researchers and military personnel to communicate in an emergency. The internet functions through local area networks that connect computers within a small geographic location, and wide area networks that connect local networks over longer distances using telephone lines or radio waves, with the internet representing the largest wide area network. All computers on the internet operate as either servers that provide resources or clients that access resources.
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Note2
PAN covers an area of 10 meters and provides data transmission between devices like computers, phones, and PDAs. Thomas Zimmerman first proposed the idea of a personal area network. LAN connects computers within 1-10 km to share files and data through a physical connection, providing higher security within offices, homes, and colleges. MAN connects computers within a metropolitan area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as within a city or multiple cities. WAN spans wide areas like cities, states, or countries to facilitate data exchange for large corporations and organizations.
Note 2
This document defines and describes four types of computer networks: personal area networks (PAN), local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), and wide area networks (WAN). PAN connects devices within 10 meters, LAN connects computers within a building, MAN spans an entire city using high-speed cables, and WAN connects LANs across a large geographic area.
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Computer networking has evolved significantly since the 1940s when the first remote connections were established using teletype machines. Major developments include ARPANET in the 1960s, which laid the groundwork for the Internet, and Ethernet in 1973, which established standards for wired local area networks (LANs). Today, wireless technologies allow users to access networks and the Internet from anywhere using devices like mobile routers and broadband modems. Cloud computing is also transforming how networks are used by moving processing power to remote server systems.
Classification of computer network
There are four main types of computer networks: personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). PANs connect devices within 10 meters of an individual, LANs connect computers in a small area like a building using technologies like cables, MANs interconnect multiple LANs to cover a larger geographic region using telephone lines, and WANs extend over large areas like states or countries using technologies such as telephone lines, fiber optics, or satellites. The largest WAN is the internet.
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A computer network connects multiple computers together to share resources using common communication protocols over digital connections. Networks can be formed using wired, wireless, or optical technologies in various topologies. They support many applications like accessing the web, file sharing, printing, messaging, and more. Personal area networks connect devices like computers and phones. Local area networks connect devices within a limited space like a home or office. Wide area networks span large geographic areas by connecting local networks with telephone lines or radio waves. Metropolitan area networks cover regions the size of a city or campus, larger than a local network but smaller than a wide area network.
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The internet began in the late 1960s as a network called ARPANET, created by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the US Department of Defense. ARPANET linked together mainframe computers and allowed for communication between remote users. In the 1980s, the National Science Foundation created NSFNet, a higher speed network, to connect universities and allow for resource sharing. By the early 1990s, NSFNet had replaced ARPANET as the backbone network, and commercial networks began using the TCP/IP protocols, fueling rapid growth of the public internet.
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The document discusses the origins and development of the Internet. It began in 1960 when DARPA funded research into connecting computers to exchange data even if connections failed. This led to the creation of ARPANET in 1969, connecting four military research centers. By the 1990s, the introduction of the World Wide Web transformed the Internet. The document also outlines how individuals and organizations in India access the Internet through various ISPs and technologies. It provides an overview of key Internet terms and protocols.
Note2
PAN covers an area of 10 meters and provides data transmission between devices like computers, phones, and PDAs. Thomas Zimmerman first proposed the idea of a personal area network. LAN connects computers within 1-10 km to share files and data through a physical connection, providing higher security within offices, homes, and colleges. MAN connects computers within a metropolitan area larger than a LAN but smaller than a WAN, such as within a city or multiple cities. WAN spans wide areas like cities, states, or countries to facilitate data exchange for large corporations and organizations.
Note 2
This document defines and describes four types of computer networks: personal area networks (PAN), local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN), and wide area networks (WAN). PAN connects devices within 10 meters, LAN connects computers within a building, MAN spans an entire city using high-speed cables, and WAN connects LANs across a large geographic area.
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Computer networking has evolved significantly since the 1940s when the first remote connections were established using teletype machines. Major developments include ARPANET in the 1960s, which laid the groundwork for the Internet, and Ethernet in 1973, which established standards for wired local area networks (LANs). Today, wireless technologies allow users to access networks and the Internet from anywhere using devices like mobile routers and broadband modems. Cloud computing is also transforming how networks are used by moving processing power to remote server systems.
Classification of computer network
There are four main types of computer networks: personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). PANs connect devices within 10 meters of an individual, LANs connect computers in a small area like a building using technologies like cables, MANs interconnect multiple LANs to cover a larger geographic region using telephone lines, and WANs extend over large areas like states or countries using technologies such as telephone lines, fiber optics, or satellites. The largest WAN is the internet.
COMPUTER NETWORK
A computer network connects multiple computers together to share resources using common communication protocols over digital connections. Networks can be formed using wired, wireless, or optical technologies in various topologies. They support many applications like accessing the web, file sharing, printing, messaging, and more. Personal area networks connect devices like computers and phones. Local area networks connect devices within a limited space like a home or office. Wide area networks span large geographic areas by connecting local networks with telephone lines or radio waves. Metropolitan area networks cover regions the size of a city or campus, larger than a local network but smaller than a wide area network.
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This document is an assignment submission for a Computer Network course. It defines and classifies different types of computer networks. The four main types discussed are:
1) Local Area Network (LAN) - Connects computers in a small area like an office using cables. It provides fast data transfer and high security.
2) Personal Area Network (PAN) - Connects personal devices within 10 meters of an individual, such as a laptop and phone. It has both wired and wireless options.
3) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - Connects multiple LANs over a larger geographic area using telephone lines. Protocols like Frame Relay and ATM are used.
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3. Explanations of basic Internet concepts like TCP/IP protocols, IP addresses, subnet masks, and early web browsers.
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This document discusses different types of computer networks. It defines a computer network as a group of connected computers that allow sharing of resources and communication. There are four main types of networks: local area networks (LANs) which connect computers in a small area like an office; personal area networks (PANs) within 10 meters of an individual; metropolitan area networks (MANs) connecting multiple LANs over a larger geographic region using telephone lines; and wide area networks (WANs) spanning large areas like states or countries, with the Internet being the largest example. Each network type is then defined in one or two sentences.
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Ijwcs
International Journal of Wireless Communications (IJWCS) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless Communications. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Communications. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Ijwcs
International Journal of Wireless Communications (IJWCS) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless Communications. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Communications. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Class note 1 173462520 khadija akter pretty
The document discusses the history and development of computer networks. It begins with a brief history of computer networks from the 18th century to present. It then describes the ARPANET, the first wide area packet switching network developed by the US Department of Defense in the late 1960s to link research computers without a central point of failure. The document defines a computer network as a set of computers connected to share resources like internet access, files, printers. It provides examples of network applications for business, communication, e-commerce and more. Finally, it discusses network hardware, software, cables and the different types of computer networks including PAN, LAN, MAN and WAN.
Classnote1
The document provides a history of computer networks from the 18th century to the present. It describes the development of the ARPANET in the late 1960s by the U.S. Defense Department to link research computers over telephone lines. The ARPANET helped develop the foundation for today's internet. The document also defines what a computer network is, provides examples of network hardware and software components, and gives goals and applications of computer networks.
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1) internet theory
this complete notes contains 5 power point slide, first 5 give u a practcal information about internet, and another ms word file contains all theory information
Radhi(unit 1)
MOBILE COMPUTING INTRODUCTION-CHARACTERISTICS-APPLICATION OF MOBILE COMPUTING-WIRELESS COMMUNICATION VERSUS MOBILE COMPUTING-WIRELESS COMMUNICATION-ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MOBILE COMPUTING
Classification of computer network
This document summarizes four main types of computer networks: local area networks (LANs), personal area networks (PANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). LANs connect computers in a small area like a building using technologies like Ethernet. PANs connect personal devices within 10 meters of an individual. MANs interconnect multiple LANs across a larger geographic area using telephone lines. WANs extend across large areas like states or countries using technologies including telephone lines, fiber optics, and satellites, with the Internet being a prominent example.
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The document discusses different types of computer networks including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), the Internet, intranets, and network interface cards (NICs). LANs connect computers within a building or campus. WANs combine multiple geographically separate LANs using services like phone lines or satellite links. The Internet facilitates data communication services globally for millions of users. An intranet uses Internet tools privately within an organization. NICs connect PCs to networks by providing an interface between networking cables and computer buses.
Classification of computer network
This document is an assignment submission for a Computer Network course. It defines and classifies different types of computer networks. The four main types discussed are:
1) Local Area Network (LAN) - Connects computers in a small area like an office using cables. It provides fast data transfer and high security.
2) Personal Area Network (PAN) - Connects personal devices within 10 meters of an individual, such as a laptop and phone. It has both wired and wireless options.
3) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - Connects multiple LANs over a larger geographic area using telephone lines. Protocols like Frame Relay and ATM are used.
4) Wide Area Network (
Internet
The document discusses the history and basics of the Internet. It provides:
1. A definition of the Internet as a network of networks connecting computers globally through email, files, and other resources.
2. A brief history starting in 1968 with the creation of ARPANET and growth from 111 hosts in 1977 to over 200 million by 2002.
3. Explanations of basic Internet concepts like TCP/IP protocols, IP addresses, subnet masks, and early web browsers.
types of computer networks
A computer network is a collection of connected computers and devices. There are several types of computer networks including personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), campus area networks (CANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). PANs connect devices in close proximity like phones and computers. LANs connect computers within a single building while CANs connect multiple LANs within a limited area. MANs connect computers within a single city or town and WANs connect LANs and MANs over a large geographical area or around the world.
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Networking involves connecting computers together through shared mediums like LANs and WANs. LANs connect computers within an area like a building while WANs connect multiple LANs that are geographically separate using services like phone lines. The Internet is a worldwide system of linked networks that facilitates communication services for millions of users through features like email and the World Wide Web. An intranet is a private network within an organization that provides internal access to information for employees using Internet-like tools.
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The document provides a history of telecommunication from its earliest beginnings with smoke signals and drums to modern advances like fiber optic networks and high-speed data transmission. It discusses key individuals and developments that helped shape the field, including the invention of the telegraph in the 19th century and the emergence of computer networks and the internet in the 1950s and 1960s. The internet has since had a drastic impact on culture and commerce and continues to grow, driven by online information, commerce, entertainment, and social networking.
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There are three main ways for a computer to connect to a network: 1) Through a wired Ethernet connection for local area networks; 2) Wirelessly without cables using technologies like WiFi; 3) Through 4G mobile networks to access the internet on laptops and smartphones in a broadband manner.
Assignment 1
This document discusses different types of computer networks. It defines a computer network as a group of connected computers that allow sharing of resources and communication. There are four main types of networks: local area networks (LANs) which connect computers in a small area like an office; personal area networks (PANs) within 10 meters of an individual; metropolitan area networks (MANs) connecting multiple LANs over a larger geographic region using telephone lines; and wide area networks (WANs) spanning large areas like states or countries, with the Internet being the largest example. Each network type is then defined in one or two sentences.
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This document discusses different types of computer networks. It defines a network as consisting of two or more connected computer systems. The main types of networks discussed are local area networks (LANs), personal area networks (PANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). LANs connect computers in a small area like a building or office. PANs connect personal devices within 10 meters of an individual. MANs interconnect multiple LANs over a larger geographic area. WANs extend over the largest geographic areas such as countries by using telephone lines, fiber optics, or satellites.
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The document discusses the challenges of managing processes, tasks, and data in a heterogeneous telecommunications network. Key challenges include each team having their own database leading to data discrepancies, unnecessary emails wasting resources, and different tools and databases making it hard to access site information. The proposed solution is Cogather, which provides integrated configuration, fault, performance, access, cost, asset, and planning management. It allows defining processes, automatic task distribution, and gives company-wide access and visibility to all site data in one place. The benefits include faster time to market, higher productivity, lower costs, and saving over 30% of employee time.
Fax
The fax machine allows for the transmission of scanned printed materials via telephone lines to another fax machine or device. It was invented in 1843 by Alexander Bain in Scotland. The fax works by scanning an original document, converting it to a bitmap that is transmitted through phone signals, then decoded and printed out by the receiving fax machine. A fax combines a scanner, modem, and printer. While faxes were convenient for paperless transmission, they are being replaced by email and online document sharing through the internet.
Ijwcs
The International Journal of Wireless Communications (IJWCS) is a bi-monthly peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles on wireless communications. The journal focuses on technical and practical aspects of wireless communications across areas like 4G/5G systems, cognitive radio, MIMO, and wireless sensor networks. Authors are invited to submit original research papers by June 13, 2020 using the online submission system, with notification of acceptance by June 25, 2020 and final papers due by June 30, 2020.
History of internet
The history of the internet began in the 1950s and 1960s with the development of computers and point-to-point communication between mainframes. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, packet switched networks such as ARPANET were developed using various protocols. In 1982, TCP/IP was standardized and the concept of a worldwide network called the Internet was introduced. Commercial internet service providers emerged in the late 1980s and 1990s, and the internet was commercialized in 1995.
Ijwcs
International Journal of Wireless Communications (IJWCS) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless Communications. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Communications. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Communication Technology
Anshul Purohit submitted a report to Aarti Mam on communication technology. The report discusses how data communication allows data to be shared across different locations by linking computers. It defines Local Area Network (LAN) as connecting 2-1000 computers within a small area like a room or building using a 10km range. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is described as being larger than a LAN and spanning an entire city within 50km. Wide Area Network (WAN) connects computers over far distances using telecommunication or satellite signals and is used by large organizations. The Internet brings the world to your home by connecting millions of computers globally. Wi-Fi represents wireless local area networks used for mobile devices like laptops and internet
Ijwcs
International Journal of Wireless Communications (IJWCS) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless Communications. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Communications. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Ijwcs
International Journal of Wireless Communications (IJWCS) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Wireless Communications. The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Wireless Communications. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced wireless & mobile networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
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The document discusses the history and development of computer networks. It begins with a brief history of computer networks from the 18th century to present. It then describes the ARPANET, the first wide area packet switching network developed by the US Department of Defense in the late 1960s to link research computers without a central point of failure. The document defines a computer network as a set of computers connected to share resources like internet access, files, printers. It provides examples of network applications for business, communication, e-commerce and more. Finally, it discusses network hardware, software, cables and the different types of computer networks including PAN, LAN, MAN and WAN.
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This document provides an introduction and overview of computer networks. It defines a computer network as a group of interconnected computers that share resources. It discusses the history of computer networks including ARPANET, the precursor to the modern Internet. It also outlines the goals of computer networks such as resource sharing, high reliability, inter-process communication, and flexible access. Finally, it identifies some key hardware and software components that make up computer networks, including network interface cards, hubs, switches, routers, modems, and different cable types.
Computer network
ARPANET was the first wide-area packet switching network developed in the late 1960s under the US Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA). It served as the basis for today's internet and initially linked computers located at Pentagon-funded research institutions over telephone lines. A computer network connects computers together to allow for sharing of resources like files, printers or internet access. There are several types of computer networks including local area networks (LANs), personal area networks (PANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). Key components of computer networks include hardware like network interface cards (NICs), cables, routers, switches and software.
An Introduction To Computer Networking A Survey
This document provides an introduction and overview of computer networking. It discusses the history of computer networking beginning in the 1960s and the components that make up a computer network including cables, network interface cards, switches, and software. It also describes different types of networks including local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), wireless local area networks (WLANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and campus area networks (CANs). The document concludes by discussing how computer networks have changed communication and will continue to evolve and enhance our lives through new protocols, applications, and technologies.
THE INTERNET AND NETWORK STANARDS
An internet with lower case “i” is two or more networks that can communicate with each other. The most notable internet is called the Internet with upper case “I” is composed of thousands of interconnected networks The Internet as several backbones, provider networks, and customer networks. At the top level, the backbones (international ISPs) are large networks owned by some communication companies such as Sprint, Verizon (MCI), AT&T, and NTT. The backbone networks are connected through some complex switching systems, called peering points. At the second level, there are smaller networks, called provider networks that uses the services of the backbones and pay them for their services. The provider networks are connected to backbones or other provider networks. At the edge of the Internet the customer networks are networks that actually use the services provided by the Internet. They pay to provider networks for receiving services. Backbones and provider networks are also called Internet Service Providers (ISPs). The backbones are known as international ISPs and the provider networks are known as national or regional lSPs.
accessanduseinternet-210614090841.pdf
The document discusses networks and the internet. It defines a network as a collection of computers and devices connected through communication links that allow sharing of resources. The internet is described as a global network of networks that connects computers worldwide. It provides various services like email, file transfer, the world wide web, and e-commerce. People use the internet for communication, sharing information, marketing products and services, and more. An internet service provider (ISP) maintains the necessary equipment to provide internet access to individuals and organizations for a monthly fee.
Computer Networking_XII_CS_CBSE_OFKVS.ppt
This document provides an overview of computer networks. It begins by discussing how computer networks have changed daily life through services like watching cable TV, using ATMs, emailing, and more. A network is defined as two or more connected autonomous computers. The goals of networking are sharing resources, improved communication, and reduced communication costs. Networks have senders, receivers, messages, transmission mediums, and protocols. Early networks included ARPANET and NSFNET. The internet evolved from these and allows globally connected services. Network topologies like star, bus, and types of devices like hubs, switches, and routers are also summarized.
Similar to Note 1 (20)
Computer Networking-The past, present and future.pptx
Computer Networking-The past, present and future.pptx
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Note 7
This document provides an overview of satellite systems, including their history, characteristics, and types of orbits. It discusses the following types of satellite orbits:
1. GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) satellites remain fixed over one spot on Earth and are ideal for broadcasting.
2. LEO (Low Earth Orbit) satellites have a shorter period but require many satellites for global coverage.
3. MEO (Medium Earth Orbit) satellites require fewer satellites than LEO but more than GEO with periods of about six hours.
4. HEO (Highly Elliptical Orbit) satellites have an elliptical path with coverage areas that vary along the orbit.
Note 6
The OSI model is a conceptual framework that characterizes networking functions into seven abstraction layers: physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and application. The physical layer deals with transmitting raw data bits across a network. The data link layer packages data into frames and corrects errors. The network layer routes frames to their destinations using logical addresses. The transport layer manages reliable delivery and error checking of data packets using protocols like TCP. The session layer controls conversations between systems by setting up and managing connections. The presentation layer formats data for applications. The application layer interacts directly with software applications and identifies communication partners.
Note 5
Three main types of network cables are used in communication systems: fiber optic cable, twisted pair cable, and coaxial cable. Fiber optic cable uses glass or plastic strands to transmit data using light signals and comes in single mode, multi-mode, or plastic optical fiber varieties. Twisted pair cable consists of two copper wires twisted together to reduce interference and comes as either unshielded or shielded twisted pair. Coaxial cable contains a copper wire within an insulated tube surrounded by a shield and is used to transmit radio frequency signals like cable TV.
Note 4
IP stands for Internet Protocol and defines the format of data sent over the internet or local networks. There are four types of IP addresses: public, private, static, and dynamic. IP addresses also fall into classes A through E, which define the first numbers in an IP address. Public IP addresses can be accessed directly over the internet while private IP addresses are non-routable. Static IP addresses remain the same until a device is removed from the network, while dynamic IP addresses can change as they are temporarily assigned by an ISP.
Note 3
Network software helps administrators deploy, manage, and monitor computer networks by bundling networking functionality into solutions. System software controls a computer's internal functions and peripherals through the operating system. Computer hardware refers to physical components like motherboards, storage, and RAM, while software comprises programs, procedures, and routines that tell the computer what to do. Firmware is a type of software programmed onto hardware devices. The main differences between hardware and software are that hardware is physical and can be seen, while software provides instructions but has no physical form.
Assinment 1
Digital technology has transformed many aspects of life including communication, work, entertainment, travel, banking and shopping. The document lists 20 examples of modern digital technologies such as websites, smartphones, eBooks, social media, computers, and drones. Each technology is then explained in more detail.
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A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Gas agency management system project report.pdf
The project entitled "Gas Agency" is done to make the manual process easier by making it a computerized system for billing and maintaining stock. The Gas Agencies get the order request through phone calls or by personal from their customers and deliver the gas cylinders to their address based on their demand and previous delivery date. This process is made computerized and the customer's name, address and stock details are stored in a database. Based on this the billing for a customer is made simple and easier, since a customer order for gas can be accepted only after completing a certain period from the previous delivery. This can be calculated and billed easily through this. There are two types of delivery like domestic purpose use delivery and commercial purpose use delivery. The bill rate and capacity differs for both. This can be easily maintained and charged accordingly.
一比一原版(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证如何办理
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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校徽：象征着学校的荣誉和传承。
校名:学校英文全称
授予学位：本部分将注明获得的具体学位名称。
毕业生姓名：这是最重要的信息之一，标志着该证书是由特定人员获得的。
颁发日期：这是毕业正式生效的时间，也代表着毕业生学业的结束。
其他信息：根据不同的专业和学位，可能会有一些特定的信息或章节。
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综上所述，办理(uofo毕业证书)美国俄勒冈大学毕业证【微信：741003700 】是证明身份和学历的高价值文件。外观简单庄重，格式统一，包括重要的个人信息和发布日期。对持有人来说，妥善保管是非常重要的。
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...
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Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981−2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981−2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval.
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the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
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This ppt gives detailed description of Object Oriented Analysis and design.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoring
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
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Design and optimization of ion propulsion drone
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Applications of artificial Intelligence in Mechanical Engineering.pdf
Historically, mechanical engineering has relied heavily on human expertise and empirical methods to solve complex problems. With the introduction of computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis (FEA), the field took its first steps towards digitization. These tools allowed engineers to simulate and analyze mechanical systems with greater accuracy and efficiency. However, the sheer volume of data generated by modern engineering systems and the increasing complexity of these systems have necessitated more advanced analytical tools, paving the way for AI.
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Note 1
- 1. Class 1 note Computer Network ID:173462589 1.Computer network history: For this lesson we need to know our computer network history, In 18th Centuries: Watt’s Steam Engine, Optical Telegraph and Lighting Rod. In 19th Centuries: Telegraph, Telephone, Electric Battery,Camera,Typewriter. In 20th Centuries: Radio, Television, The PersonalComputer, Information Gathering, Processing and Distribution. In 21st Centuries: Satellites, Fiber Optics, Internet. 2.ARPANET: QUS: What is Arpanet? ANS: Advanced Research Projects Agency Network. # Purpose and use: U.S. Defense Department,funded the development of the Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) in the late 1960s.Its initial purpose was to link computers at Pentagon- funded research institutions over telephone lines. At the height of the Cold War, military commanders were seeking a computer communications system without a central core,with no headquarters or base of operations that could be attacked and destroyed by enemies thus blacking out the entire network in one fell swoop. Defense Department put out a call for competitive bids to build the network, and in January 1969Bolt, Beranek,and Newman (BBN) of Cambridge, Massachusetts,won the $1 million contract.
- 2. 3.Computer Network: QUS: So What is Computer Network? ANS: A computer network is a set of computers connected together for the purpose of sharing resources. The most common resource shared today is connection to the Internet. Other shared resources can include a printer or a file server. The Internet itself can be considered a computer network. 4. Network Computer Goals: QUS: So what’s goals of network computer? ANS: Sharing Resources from one Computer to another Computer over a network Performance by measuring the speed of data transmission with number of users, connectivity and the software used Reliability makes easy to use an alternative source for data communication in case of hardware failure or connectivity issues Scalability increases the system performance by adding more processors Security is the main characteristics of Computer network where you can take necessary steps for protecting your data from unauthorized access. 5.Application of Computer Network: QUS: What are the applications of computer network? ANS: Business Applications Communication Medium e-commerce Home Applications Electronic commerce Mobile Users 6.Network Hardware & Software: QUS: About Network Hardware & Software? ANS: There are three component of Computer Network,
- 3. 1. Hardware Equipment 2. Software 3. Cables and Connectors. Hardware: NIC, Server,Client, Peers,Transmission, Medium, Router, Bridge, Hub, Switches, Gateway, Repeaters. Software: Network Operating System, Protocols Switches (TCP/IP,OSI). Cables and Connectors: Twisted pair cable Coaxial cable Fiber-optic cable.