The document discusses critical path analysis (CPM) and PERT, which are project management techniques. CPM breaks a project into tasks, displays them in a flow chart, and calculates the project duration based on time estimates for each task. It identifies critical tasks that are time-sensitive. PERT examines task schedules to determine a CPM variation. It analyzes the time required for each task and dependencies to determine the minimum time to complete a project. PERT uses a formula that combines three time estimates - optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic - to calculate the average task duration.