The document discusses the emergence and characteristics of Neoclassical architecture. It began in the 18th century as a reaction against Rococo style, drawing inspiration from classical Greek, Roman, and Renaissance designs. Key features included simplicity, symmetry, and the use of columns. Prominent Neoclassical architects like Etienne-Louis Boullée and Claude Nicolas Ledoux designed dramatic large-scale buildings evoking themes of grandeur, emotion, and the expression of a structure's purpose through its form. Examples highlighted include Boullée's unbuilt Cenotaph for Newton and Ledoux's built Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans.

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A TOUR TO NEO CLASSICAL BUILDINGS
CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE
Ar.K.Manonmani B.Arch, MCP (Ph.D)

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Neoclassical architecture was an architectural style produced by
the neoclassical movement that began in the mid-18th century,
both as a reaction against the Rococo style of anti-tectonic
naturalistic ornament, and an outgrowth of some classicizing
features of Late Baroque
Neoclassicism in architecture is evocative and picturesque, a
recreation of a distant, it is framed within the Romantic sensibility
Intellectually Neoclassicism was symptomatic of a desire to return
to the perceived "purity" of the arts of Rome, Greek,and
renaissance classicism

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ROCOCO

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Background of emergence of neo classical architecture
Architecture of baroque and rococo
Two forces
Technological change
Social change
Architects were Compel to look for new and true style
Expedition to greek and roman cities
Books on ancient monuments
Le roy, piranesi and adams works
Hallucination of ancient forms in new work

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Putteney bridge bath by
Robert Adam
Royal Scottish academy Edinburgh by
William Henry playfair
Greek Doric style portico

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Karl Friedrich Schinkel's Elisabethkirche in Berlin

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Altes museum Berlin

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Cathedral of Vilnius (1783), by
Laurynas Gucevičius
Prado museum in Madrid by Juan de
Villanueva

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Etienne – Louis Boullée(1728-1799)
between 1778 and 1788 that Boullée made his biggest
impact on architecture.
He developed a distinctive abstract geometric style inspired
by Classical forms
Characteristic
removal of all unnecessary ornamentation,
inflating geometric forms to a huge scale
repeating elements such as columns in huge ranges.

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DOCTRINE
Architecture should express its purpose
Cénotaphe a Newton (1784)
sphere form of 150 m (500 ft) high embedded in a circular base
structure was never built
Genre terrible
Evoked sublime emotions of terror and tranquility through the
grandeur of his conceptions.
Immensity of vista un adorned geometrical purity of monumental
form are combined in such a way to promote EXHILARATION
AND ANXIETY

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Cénotaphe a Newton (1784)

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his book Architecture, essai sur l'art ("Essay on the Art of
Architecture), arguing for an emotionally committed
Neoclassicism, was only published in 1953.
Consist of his work from 1778 to 1788, which mostly
comprised designs for public buildings on a wholly
impractical grand scale.
Fondness for grandoise design - megalomaniac and a
visionary
Innovative design ideas – polarity – offsetting opposite
design elements

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Use of light to evoke divine feeling
In Newton cenotaph
By night fire was suspended to represent sun.
Perforated sphere wall illuminated during the day time

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THEATRE 1781
Placed all functions in
the spherical ground
plan.
Surrounded by 48 giant
Corinthian

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Claude Nicolas Ledoux
Building Should Immediately Communicate Its Functions to Its
Viewer

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The Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans

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Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans

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French neo classical architect

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Project for the ideal city of Chaux: river inspector house. Un built
Barrel shaped
mass in the centre
and river would
flow through and
come down with
water fall at the
end.