Learner number: Learner name: Page 1 of 15
Unit IG2: Risk assessment
Declaration: By submitting this assessment (Parts 1 – 4) for marking I declare that it is entirely my own work. I understand that falsely claiming that
the work is my own is malpractice and can lead to NEBOSH imposing severe penalties (see the NEBOSH Malpractice Policy for further information).
Important note: You must refer to the document ‘Unit IG2: risk assessment – Guidance and information for learners and Learning Partners’ while
completing all parts of this assessment. Your Learning Partner should provide you with a copy, but it can also be downloaded from the relevant
resources section for this qualification on the NEBOSH website.
Part 1: Background
You should aim to complete this section in 150 - 200 words.
Topic Comments
Name of organisation* Railway Company of Kingdom
Site location* Hafer AL batin Kingdom
Number of workers 20000 approx.
General description of the organisation
Railway Company of Kingdom, was established in 2006 to build, operate, and manage the
north-south railway project. It operates the 2750 km north-south railway. In this KRC,
Riyadh–Qurayyat Line begins at Riyadh and runs northwest toward Al Haditha near the
Jordanian border, passing through Majma’a, Qassim, Hail and Al-Jawf. Both passenger
and freight services are operated on this line.
It is very large company with different departments working to achieve common goal of
safe rail transportation of passenger and freight operation.
Each department follow 8 hrs shift which vary from department to department and their
working requirements.
The general shift is from 0800 hrs to 1600 hrs and the rotation shift they follow 0600-1400,
1400-2200 and 2200-0600 hrs, as traveling is difficult in night due to safety night shift is
lengthy, which is followed by two days weekly off, by following this they complete
approximately 48 hrs per week.
This company is ISO 45001:2018 certified.
Learner number: Learner name: Page 2 of 15
To meet the operational and maintenance requirement there is Track and Signalling
maintenance workshop is located approximately at every 400 Km in the network.
These track and signalling workshop comprise of office area, maintenance workshop
,storage and accommodation area. The employee in Track and signalling workshop follow
three shift system with two days weekly off. The role of these employee to provide any
assistance need by the train driver, any signalling equipment failure, to clear the sand
incursion and track tamping work. These employees carried the maintenance of the track
and signalling equipment which fall in their section. The length of each section is approx.
400 Km. For the maintenance they have to travel off road in sanded area every day. The
workshop is containing all the equipment needed for the maintenance, it includes oil
storage area, tyre storage, sand blowers, generators and many other equipment’s.
Maintenance off track machine also take place in the workshop.
Description of the area to be included in the
risk assessment
The risk assessment will be cover for maintenance workshop and storage area of Track
and signalling maintenance workshop. The purpose of the assessment to dissect the risk
and hazard, distinguish proof of extra controls and their time scale for decreasing the
existing hazard to satisfactory level.
Any other relevant information
The Track Maintenance supervisor is responsible for the health and safety at the location
and monthly visit is done by HSE officer from Headquarters to do monthly audit.
* If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be
factual.
You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words.
Note: this section can be completed after you have competed your risk assessment.
Outline how the risk assessment was
carried out this should include:
 sources of information consulted;
 who you spoke to; and
 how you identified:
- the hazards;
I started the research and I have alluded to the taking after, utilizing them as benchmark
for the risk assessment. ISO45001:2018 could be administration framework which gives a
system on how a business can oversee and avoid hazard. Referred ILO Convention C155
(occupational safety and Health) and ILO Recommendation R164 for better understanding.
Learner number: Learner name: Page 3 of 15
- what is already being done; and
- any additional controls/actions
that may be required.
After referring and understanding the law and guidelines, I visited the location and observed
the activities on site and consulted the Track Maintenance supervisor and the workers.
Track maintenance supervisor showed accident and incident record book of the location.
The walk around is done by me to see the location of maintenance workshop, during
inspection it was found that workshop contain generator, welding machine and various
other maintenance equipment and spare parts of off tack machines. Fire extinguisher are
placed at various location, it also contains some and fire detectors. To mitigate any fire,
sprinklers are also present.
The storage area is the hazardous place at the location, it contains different equipment’s
required for repair of machine and track. It includes some of the flammable and some non-
flammable materials. The Hazard notice are like, sand blowers containing fuel are kept
near the tyre piles. Unsafe fuel and lubrication oil is stored. The worker changes their cloth
near the lubrication storage area and keep their work cloths after they complete the work
near the oil drums.
On conversation with the worker, it was found they use sand blowers and hand tamping
frequently during the work, to protect them from the sound and dust they don’t have
adequate PPE. They travel off road, long distance in car to reach site. The exposure during
travel on off road in uncomfortable car raise health issue in the worker.
Learner number: Learner name: Page 4 of 15
Part 2: Risk Assessment
Organisation name: Railway Company of Kingdom
Date of assessment:
Scope of risk assessment: Office and Storage area of Track Section Maintenance workshop of Railway company of Kingdom
Hazard category
and hazard
Who might be harmed
and how?
What are you already doing? What further
controls/actions are
required?
Timescales for
further actions to
be completed
(within …)
Responsible
person’s job title
1) Noise
Operation of Sand
blower and Hand
Tamping. Hazard:
Exposure to high
level noise leading to
occupational hearing
loss
Worker/ Employee in the
organisation.
The person who are
exposed to the long-time
noise hazard are exposed
to risk of Tinnitus, hearing
threshold shift, sleepless
night, headache.
High and continual noise
exposure can cause
permanent and disabling
hearing damage.
1). Ear plug are less frequently
used by the worker
2). Appropriate PPE to be given
3). Most work is restricted to short
duration
1) Proper maintenance of
Tamping machine and sand
blower
2) Replace of manual tamping
with automatic tamping machine,
3) Sand removing machine to be
used in place of manual sand
blowers
4) Hearing protection to worn
every time these machines are in
use
1 day
30 Days
30 Days
1 week
Site Supervisor
Management
Management
Safety Officer
2) Vibration
Manual Tamping
machine, Manual clip
removing machine,
Hazard: Exposure to
joints injuries, blood
vessel and nerves
Worker operating Manual
Tamping machine and
Manual clip removing
machine for more than 25
minutes per day chance of
hand arm vibration
syndrome it can lead to be
Vibration white figure,
muscle weakening, joint
damage, nerve damage
Frequency of operating these
machines to be reduce.
Gloves or adequate PPE to be
used while working on tools that
generate vibration.
Most work is redistricted to short
duration
Proper maintenance of tools and
equipment and machine.
Colour coding system to mark
tools to show which is high,
medium and low risk
Machine should be used for
shorter duration and in rotation.
1 day
1 day
1 day
Site Supervisor
Site Supervisor
Site Supervisor
Learner number: Learner name: Page 5 of 15
Hazard category
and hazard
Who might be harmed
and how?
What are you already doing? What further
controls/actions are
required?
Timescales for
further actions to
be completed
(within …)
Responsible
person’s job title
3) Work related
Driving
Long distance off
road travelling in car
cause driver and
worker fatigue
Stress due to sand
storm and traffic
conditions
Whole body vibration leads
to persistent back pain,
digestive disorders,
cardiovascular stress,
dizziness and motion
sickness
The travelling time is reduced,
frequent break is taken to reach
on site
The workers to be given off
alternate days to reduce the
effect of vibration
Long-distance off-road travel
should be planned in 2 to 3
phases.
Provide data information to all
operative any existing
conditions or unused
indication to health advisor
1 Week
1 Week
5 Days
Site Supervisor
Site Supervisor
Health inspector and
Management
4) Manual Handling
Frequent lifting of
heavy objects
Transporting of heavy
object causes back
injury and long-term
musculoskeletal
injuries Awkward
position
Worker on site loads
unload sleepers, blocks
and ballast can get injured.
If they constantly pick and
lift heavy objects. If they
have bad posture for
example Bursitis:
Inflammation of the bursa
(sack-like cavity) between
skin and bone of bone and
tendon. Kneeling bending
and twisting frequently to
perform work this can
cause fatigue, muscle joint,
pain lower back pain and
musculoskeletal disorder.
Workers are trained and
competent in the task.
Resources available for lifting
are appropriate
PPE to be worn like safety
footwear at all times.
Procurement of Automatic
machine to automate the
loading and unloading process
of heavy objects
Ensure job rotation after
specific interval of time
Sufficient training to ensure
workers not causing a strain to
their bodies
Layout awareness on health
issues associate to bad
posture
2 Months
1 day
1 week
1 day
Management
Site Supervisor/
Safety Officer
Management
Safety Officer/ Site
supervisor
Learner number: Learner name: Page 6 of 15
Hazard category
and hazard
Who might be harmed
and how?
What are you already doing? What further
controls/actions are
required?
Timescales for
further actions to
be completed
(within …)
Responsible
person’s job title
5) Hazardous
substances
Dust-high
concentration of dust
in air
Worker and Site
Supervisor
High concentration of dust
is always present when the
sand blowers are used on
site to remove sand from
the track.
The worker is breathing
these dust particles. It may
cause short-term health
issue like asthma and long-
term health issue like
chronic cancer.
The most of the working
people come in contact with
dust on their skin which
cause rashes dermatitis,
people eyes are exposed
frequently to dust cause
eye irritation and dust is
accidently swallowed which
leads to upsetting
gastrointestinal tract.
1) Dust mask are available with
all worker, and it’s not
mandatory to be worn
1) Use of sand removing
machine instead humans.
2) Enforcement law to made to
wearing mask is mandatory on
site.
3) Improve quality of PPE such
as overall for doing this type of
work.
4) Eye protection glass to be
provide to mitigate the eye
damage.
5) Training on General
hygiene to be given to all
worker on risk of dust
ingestion, inhaling and skin
contact.
6 months
2 days
1 week
1 week
1 week
Management
Safety Officer / Site
Supervisor
Management
Safety officer and
Management
Safety Officer and
Site supervisor
6) Fire
Fire may start from
the place of storage
All the worker, visitors and
site supervisor might be
harmed and damage to
property.
1) The details fire risk
assessment is done of the
storage.
1) Worker to be educated to
not keep their work uniform
near the flammable liquid.
1 day
1 day
Site Supervisor
Site Supervisor
Learner number: Learner name: Page 7 of 15
Hazard category
and hazard
Who might be harmed
and how?
What are you already doing? What further
controls/actions are
required?
Timescales for
further actions to
be completed
(within …)
Responsible
person’s job title
where Lubricants oil,
diesel or petrol spills.
Due to short circuit,
smoking near the
storage, doing
welding and
flammable materials
storage such as
cloths stored near
them.
If there is fire, the worker or
any visitor who is inside the
storage are may get burn,
breathing issue or
suffocation may arise to
them. These could lead to
death to them
2) Informative fire safety posters
are place in various location.
3) Fire extinguisher are placed
with their operating instruction.
4) Good housekeeping is done
in the storage area.
5) Sprinklers and smoke
detector are in place
2) Individuals ought to strictly
warn regarding smoking area.
3) Health and safety
inspection to be done
regularly.
4) Emergency fire drills to be
conducted to deal any
emergency issue and proper
records to be maintained,
1 Week
1 Week
Safety Officer
Safety officer and
Management
7) Working at
Heights
Repair to outside AC
unit of building is
done using mobile
tower scaffolding.
Painting work done
by painter on the
building using moving
scaffolding.
Worker, Contractors and
people passing by.
The worker working on
height may fall to death.
It may also lead to spinal
and neck injuries followed
by paralysis
Any object fallen from the
person passing by might
lead to death of the person
or head injury which may
lead permanent disability.
1) The mobile tower scaffolding
is fitted with wheel brakes
2) Safe working load in
indicated.
3) Proper PPE is not used when
working on scaffolding
4) Platform is fully boarded
without gap.
5) Person in charge of the work,
is always present near the site
to assist the person on the
scaffolding.
6) This scaffolding is used on
firm and stable level ground
1) Enforcement law to made to
wear proper PPE is mandatory
on when working on height it
includes Safety harness,
Safety shoes, High visibility
vest and Helmet.
2) Medical condition of the
worker to examined by the
person in charge of the work
before sending any worker on
scaffolding
3) Avoid work at Height where
its reasonably practicable to
so.
4) Installation of toe boards on
the scaffold and safety nets.
2 days
3 days
N/A
1 Day
1 Week
Site Supervisor and
Safety Officer
Health and Safety
officer and
Management
Management
Learner number: Learner name: Page 8 of 15
Hazard category
and hazard
Who might be harmed
and how?
What are you already doing? What further
controls/actions are
required?
Timescales for
further actions to
be completed
(within …)
Responsible
person’s job title
7) Correct fittings and materials
are used
5) Minimise the distance and
consequences of a fall by
using right type equipment
where the risk cannot be
eliminated
Safety officer/Site
Supervisor
8) Electricity
Electrocution due to
damaged laid wire
during work on site.
Fire from faulty
electrical equipment
Malfunction of
General Electric
fittings
Worker, Visitor and
Contractors, activities on
site such as rail grinding
and rail cutting work.
The damaged wire or wire
insulation burst may lead to
electrocution and fatalities.
Unattended used of
electrical equipment in the
workshop.
Rise of fire from electric
fitting due to overload
1) Signage warning of danger
for electricity.
2) Electric works should be
carried out only by authorised
person.
3) Proper PPE is to use with
shock resistant.
4) Inspection of wire is done
before laying for the work to be
carried out.
5) Miniature circuit breaker and
electric fuse are in place to stop
overload short circuit.
6) On site one trained first aider
is available to deal with minor
shock.
1) Appointment of suitable
person is to be done to ensure
that safety precaution is
followed.
2) All other electric safety is
well controlled and monitored
regularly
1 Day
N/A
Site Supervisor
Learner number: Learner name: Page 9 of 15
Hazard category
and hazard
Who might be harmed
and how?
What are you already doing? What further
controls/actions are
required?
Timescales for
further actions to
be completed
(within …)
Responsible
person’s job title
9) Work equipment
and machinery’s
Use of Hand tools, in
appropriate.
Power driven
machine not used
with proper
precaution during the
work.
Power driven grinding
machine blade
scattered
In Manual tamping
machine foot of the
worker could get hit.
Rail Lifting machine
may lead to hand
injury if not properly
handle
Rail cutting machine
has high speed
wheel, cloth
entanglement can
lead to accident.
All person present on
the rails site is to be
well trained for
railway rules to avoid
any incident.
Employee and contractors
working with these tools
without following proper
precaution.
Use of Hammer and chiles
which leads to injury to the
person if not properly used.
Simple misjudge by human
while using he may hit his
own figure.
Power driven grinding
machine may lead to injury,
as main power supply is on,
and the operating switch
worker may not aware
which may lead injury due
to sudden start of the
grinding,
Grinding blade get broken
during grinding work.
Rail cutting machine has
high-speed cutting blade
may lead to injury if proper
work PPE is not worn.
If the person working near
the rail is not aware of rule
of railway, he may get hit by
running trains
1) Employee and worker are
trained to use hand tools
2) Use of appropriate PPE is
encouraged in worker
3) Instruction is given to check
the tools are in good condition to
before use.
1) Only authorized person to
use these tools
2) No worker should wear
loose clothing when working
with power driven machine
3) Interlocking power-driven
machine to used i.e., it should
start only when power button
is pressed, it should stop
working when power button is
released.
4) Proper PPE which secure
and not lose to get entangled
that only to be allowed during
work.
5) Personal track safety
training is to be given all the
employee before sending
them of rail site for work
1 Day
2 days
1 Week
1 Week
1 Week
Site Supervisor
Safety Officer
Management
Safety Officer/
Management
Safety Officer /
management
Learner number: Learner name: Page 10 of 15
Hazard category
and hazard
Who might be harmed
and how?
What are you already doing? What further
controls/actions are
required?
Timescales for
further actions to
be completed
(within …)
Responsible
person’s job title
Learner number: Learner name: Page 11 of 15
Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection
Suggested word counts
Moral, general legal and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words
For EACH action:
Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words
Likelihood AND severity: 75 to 150 words
How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words
Moral, general legal and financial arguments for ALL actions
Moral, general legal and financial
arguments
Railway Company of Kingdom, was established in 2006, and it work to provide positive safety culture
to its employee, as most of the employee are expatriates, they are here desert are to earn money and
provide financial help to their family. The safe positive safety culture of the company keeps the moral
up of the employee during work. As the all the employee are insured for medical expense and outmost
care is taken by employer that all safety measure are followed during work. As this organisation is
endorse with ISO 45001:2018 policy and bound by morals and trade standards. Company understands
that non-compliance will bring down the reputation and this may lead to fines and punishments by the
government authority. We all the employee presently endeavour to authorise and guarantee that we
are completely complaint with all enactment inside the premises.
General legal argument is that company is endorse to ISO 45001:2018 and follow law imposed by
ministry of health on the company. This makes the responsibility of the organisation for care and
obligation to guarantee of health and safety system. A secure framework of work and avoidance
approach must be input. This organisation work and maintenance plan as per ILO CONVENTION C-
155 AND RECOMMENDATION R-164.
Financial argument is that if any of the worker get injured during the work it will impact both the worker
and company which may vary in different configuration like direct and indirect cost. Direct cost which
may arise from First aid treatment to compensation paid to employee in form of insurance which could
lead rise in premium payment.
The Indirect cost which will lead from deployment of another employee in place of him, increase the
overtime cost, if the victim is required from discharge from the service, which will put extra burden of
the employer to recruit new employee. This may also damage the image of public image of the
company.
Learner number: Learner name: Page 12 of 15
Justification for action 1
Action
Automate the loading and unloading process of heavy objects. This avoids the physical injury to
worker while lifting heavy objects (hazard category ‘manual handling)
Specific legal arguments The Railway company of Kingdom, has adopted the ILO conventions and recommendation in addition
of own country safety laws to safe guard the worker for any injury and fatality due to work.
The international labour law (ILO) recommendation on Occupational Safety and health R164 that
supplement Convention C155. Its recommendation in article IV states that
“Provide and maintain workplace, machinery and equipment, and use work methods, which are as
safe and without risk to health as is reasonably practicable”.
Consideration of likelihood AND severity If we consider the likelihood and severity of loading and unloading of material at site is very likely to
cause injury to work. As most of the work involve in loading and unloading work manually which make
lead to any incident, if necessary, precaution is not taken.
If we set the severity in 1 to 4 scale then we can put them like this to measure them as per their
ranking
1) Minimum: No injury or any damaged occurred
2) Minor: Injury which required First Aid
3) Major: Injury requiring hospital treatment
4) Catastrophic: Death or irreparable damaged
The severity of this hazard is rated major, as which lead to injury to lower and upper limbs, which will
lead hospitalisation for more than two weeks.
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment;
and
 whether you think the action will fully
control the risk.
The procurement of automatic machine to automate the loading and loading of sleepers, rail and
ballast will reduce the risk.
The timescale for the procurement of the automatic machine is given two months as, it required to
meet with the specification as per the railways and the supplier to be identified. Budgeting and order
will in place it would required approximately two months to process.
This action will control the risk of get injured on site due loading and unloading and it will not cause
occupational health hazard to work. The training pertaining to use this machine will reduce the risk.
Learner number: Learner name: Page 13 of 15
Justification for action 2
Action Interlocking power-driven machine to used i.e., it should start only when power button is pressed, it
should stop working when power button is released. (Hazard category work equipment and
machinery)
Specific legal arguments This company adopted the International Labour convention C155 and ILO recommendation R164
which obligated to look after the welfare of the employee. Refer to ILO convention C155 article 4 and
article 12 in particular, which give guidance to prevent any type of accident or injury to health arising
out of linked with or occurring in the course of work. It also states that measures to be taken in
accordance to the national law and practice for safe working
Consideration of likelihood AND severity If we consider the likelihood and severity of using power tools without interlocking at site is very likely
to cause injury to employee. As most of the work involve in heavy cutting and tamping work. In course
of using machine may get started on as soon as power is supplied and worker may be unaware which
may lead to major injury and hospitalisation is mandatory. To avoid this severity check is done as
follows,
If we set the severity in 1 to 4 scale then we can put them like this to measure them as per their
ranking
1) Minimum: No injury or any damaged occurred
2) Minor: Injury which required First Aid
3) Major: Injury requiring hospital treatment
4) Catastrophic: Death or irreparable damaged
The severity of this hazard is rated major, as which lead to injury to lower limbs and upper limbs ,
which will lead hospitalisation for more than two weeks.
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment;
and
 whether you think the action will fully
control the risk.
The interlocking power driven machine, will safely guard the injury which take place during the work
due to sudden starting of machine if power is supplied. Sometime worker distracted and if he just
release this control from the power button it will stop to safe guard the worker. The interlocking switch
is biased till the power button will be pressed it will work and as soon as power button is released
machine will stop working. The time scale is considered is for 1 week as these machines need to
checked and find the appropriate supplier and the budget to be released from the management.
This action will bring the risk level to minimum level as this will keep the work safe during the work.
Learner number: Learner name: Page 14 of 15
Justification for action 3
Action Use of sand removing machine instead humans. The sand removing machine will remove the sand
from the track without health risk to worker. (Hazard category hazards substance)
Specific legal arguments The hazard category for the hazard arise due to dust of sand, when sand blower is used come under
the International labour law convention C155 and ILO recommendation R164. Which specifically
advice that appropriate measure to be taken by employer to protect the worker from any identified
assessed risk which may lead to occupational health issue to employees
Consideration of likelihood AND severity If we consider the likelihood and severity of using sand blower to remove sand from the track, the risk
of inhaling the dust by the worker is very high, which lead to health issue to them. The facemask
given to them is not worn regularly lead to more venerable to the risk.
If we set the severity in 1 to 4 scale then we can put them like this to measure them as per their
ranking
1) Minimum: No injury or any damaged occurred
2) Minor: Injury which required First Aid
3) Major: Injury requiring hospital treatment
4) Catastrophic: Death or irreparable damaged
The severity of this hazard is rated major, as which lead to hospitalization as inhale of dust can cause
asthma and breathing dust for long period leads to cancer, which will increase the severity to
catastrophic level.
How effective the action is likely to be in
controlling the risk. This should include:
 the intended impact of the action;
 justification for the timescale that you
indicated in your risk assessment;
and
 whether you think the action will fully
control the risk.
The use of sand removing machine to remove sand from the track will drastically reduce the risk of
the worker who were exposed to dust. As the machine will be operated by only one work from the
enclosed cabin. The time scale given by me is six months, as these machines are not manufactured
in local country. They required budget approval from the management and then procurement process
is to be followed which will lead six months to reach on site.
Once this sand removing machine started being used by the worker, the risk will not fully be controlled
as they will be using these machines but the risk will be significantly reduced.
Learner number: Learner name: Page 15 of 15
Part 4: Review, communicate and check
Suggested word counts for each section:
 Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words
 How the risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information: 100 - 150 words
 Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words.
Planned review date/period with
reasoning
As per the company policy the survey of hazard evaluation must be done at every 12 months, so in
that manner, my review date for 12 months’ time scale – 15 Jun 2022. In these periods if the new
equipment is procured the review can be done as this will lead to change in the procedure of working
and also leads to change in the shift pattern of worker.
How the risk assessment findings will be
communicated AND who you need to tell
The risk assessment find will be discussed in meeting with management including Directors,
Managers, Supervisors and representatives of workers. In meeting it will be discussed regarding risk
assessment and further action to be taken. The minutes of agreed points will signed by the all
members and a report will be prepared. This report will be published to all workers about he risk and
preventive measures via putting on notice board of site and also discussed every morning in tool box
talk to make aware the worker of hazard and risk involved during their work. The training will be given
and also encourage to pay full attention during the training as this is their life and safety is every body
responsibility. Risk assessment finding will be available in both way written and graphical
representation. The company emails and internet library will also upload with these finding to make
easy access to employee.
How you will follow up on the risk
assessment to check that the actions
have been carried out
To follow -up on the risk assessment to check whether the action have been carried out or not will
setup a reminder for one month and check on that they have any relative action to complete the work
as per assessment report. I will talk to the concern and accountable person to each of the activity to
discover out the progress against and also check whether and activity is completing on time or not ,
will find out why its not done , area which still cause problems or need more practice will find out the
source and what can be done to make them easier to procure the equipment with finance director
and then to other director and management.

Nebosh_Unit_IG2_Riskkkkkk_assessment.pdf

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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 1 of 15 Unit IG2: Risk assessment Declaration: By submitting this assessment (Parts 1 – 4) for marking I declare that it is entirely my own work. I understand that falsely claiming that the work is my own is malpractice and can lead to NEBOSH imposing severe penalties (see the NEBOSH Malpractice Policy for further information). Important note: You must refer to the document ‘Unit IG2: risk assessment – Guidance and information for learners and Learning Partners’ while completing all parts of this assessment. Your Learning Partner should provide you with a copy, but it can also be downloaded from the relevant resources section for this qualification on the NEBOSH website. Part 1: Background You should aim to complete this section in 150 - 200 words. Topic Comments Name of organisation* Railway Company of Kingdom Site location* Hafer AL batin Kingdom Number of workers 20000 approx. General description of the organisation Railway Company of Kingdom, was established in 2006 to build, operate, and manage the north-south railway project. It operates the 2750 km north-south railway. In this KRC, Riyadh–Qurayyat Line begins at Riyadh and runs northwest toward Al Haditha near the Jordanian border, passing through Majma’a, Qassim, Hail and Al-Jawf. Both passenger and freight services are operated on this line. It is very large company with different departments working to achieve common goal of safe rail transportation of passenger and freight operation. Each department follow 8 hrs shift which vary from department to department and their working requirements. The general shift is from 0800 hrs to 1600 hrs and the rotation shift they follow 0600-1400, 1400-2200 and 2200-0600 hrs, as traveling is difficult in night due to safety night shift is lengthy, which is followed by two days weekly off, by following this they complete approximately 48 hrs per week. This company is ISO 45001:2018 certified.
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 2 of 15 To meet the operational and maintenance requirement there is Track and Signalling maintenance workshop is located approximately at every 400 Km in the network. These track and signalling workshop comprise of office area, maintenance workshop ,storage and accommodation area. The employee in Track and signalling workshop follow three shift system with two days weekly off. The role of these employee to provide any assistance need by the train driver, any signalling equipment failure, to clear the sand incursion and track tamping work. These employees carried the maintenance of the track and signalling equipment which fall in their section. The length of each section is approx. 400 Km. For the maintenance they have to travel off road in sanded area every day. The workshop is containing all the equipment needed for the maintenance, it includes oil storage area, tyre storage, sand blowers, generators and many other equipment’s. Maintenance off track machine also take place in the workshop. Description of the area to be included in the risk assessment The risk assessment will be cover for maintenance workshop and storage area of Track and signalling maintenance workshop. The purpose of the assessment to dissect the risk and hazard, distinguish proof of extra controls and their time scale for decreasing the existing hazard to satisfactory level. Any other relevant information The Track Maintenance supervisor is responsible for the health and safety at the location and monthly visit is done by HSE officer from Headquarters to do monthly audit. * If you’re worried about confidentiality, you can invent a false name and location for your organisation but, all other information provided must be factual. You should aim to complete this section in 100 - 200 words. Note: this section can be completed after you have competed your risk assessment. Outline how the risk assessment was carried out this should include:  sources of information consulted;  who you spoke to; and  how you identified: - the hazards; I started the research and I have alluded to the taking after, utilizing them as benchmark for the risk assessment. ISO45001:2018 could be administration framework which gives a system on how a business can oversee and avoid hazard. Referred ILO Convention C155 (occupational safety and Health) and ILO Recommendation R164 for better understanding.
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 3 of 15 - what is already being done; and - any additional controls/actions that may be required. After referring and understanding the law and guidelines, I visited the location and observed the activities on site and consulted the Track Maintenance supervisor and the workers. Track maintenance supervisor showed accident and incident record book of the location. The walk around is done by me to see the location of maintenance workshop, during inspection it was found that workshop contain generator, welding machine and various other maintenance equipment and spare parts of off tack machines. Fire extinguisher are placed at various location, it also contains some and fire detectors. To mitigate any fire, sprinklers are also present. The storage area is the hazardous place at the location, it contains different equipment’s required for repair of machine and track. It includes some of the flammable and some non- flammable materials. The Hazard notice are like, sand blowers containing fuel are kept near the tyre piles. Unsafe fuel and lubrication oil is stored. The worker changes their cloth near the lubrication storage area and keep their work cloths after they complete the work near the oil drums. On conversation with the worker, it was found they use sand blowers and hand tamping frequently during the work, to protect them from the sound and dust they don’t have adequate PPE. They travel off road, long distance in car to reach site. The exposure during travel on off road in uncomfortable car raise health issue in the worker.
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 4 of 15 Part 2: Risk Assessment Organisation name: Railway Company of Kingdom Date of assessment: Scope of risk assessment: Office and Storage area of Track Section Maintenance workshop of Railway company of Kingdom Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 1) Noise Operation of Sand blower and Hand Tamping. Hazard: Exposure to high level noise leading to occupational hearing loss Worker/ Employee in the organisation. The person who are exposed to the long-time noise hazard are exposed to risk of Tinnitus, hearing threshold shift, sleepless night, headache. High and continual noise exposure can cause permanent and disabling hearing damage. 1). Ear plug are less frequently used by the worker 2). Appropriate PPE to be given 3). Most work is restricted to short duration 1) Proper maintenance of Tamping machine and sand blower 2) Replace of manual tamping with automatic tamping machine, 3) Sand removing machine to be used in place of manual sand blowers 4) Hearing protection to worn every time these machines are in use 1 day 30 Days 30 Days 1 week Site Supervisor Management Management Safety Officer 2) Vibration Manual Tamping machine, Manual clip removing machine, Hazard: Exposure to joints injuries, blood vessel and nerves Worker operating Manual Tamping machine and Manual clip removing machine for more than 25 minutes per day chance of hand arm vibration syndrome it can lead to be Vibration white figure, muscle weakening, joint damage, nerve damage Frequency of operating these machines to be reduce. Gloves or adequate PPE to be used while working on tools that generate vibration. Most work is redistricted to short duration Proper maintenance of tools and equipment and machine. Colour coding system to mark tools to show which is high, medium and low risk Machine should be used for shorter duration and in rotation. 1 day 1 day 1 day Site Supervisor Site Supervisor Site Supervisor
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 5 of 15 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 3) Work related Driving Long distance off road travelling in car cause driver and worker fatigue Stress due to sand storm and traffic conditions Whole body vibration leads to persistent back pain, digestive disorders, cardiovascular stress, dizziness and motion sickness The travelling time is reduced, frequent break is taken to reach on site The workers to be given off alternate days to reduce the effect of vibration Long-distance off-road travel should be planned in 2 to 3 phases. Provide data information to all operative any existing conditions or unused indication to health advisor 1 Week 1 Week 5 Days Site Supervisor Site Supervisor Health inspector and Management 4) Manual Handling Frequent lifting of heavy objects Transporting of heavy object causes back injury and long-term musculoskeletal injuries Awkward position Worker on site loads unload sleepers, blocks and ballast can get injured. If they constantly pick and lift heavy objects. If they have bad posture for example Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa (sack-like cavity) between skin and bone of bone and tendon. Kneeling bending and twisting frequently to perform work this can cause fatigue, muscle joint, pain lower back pain and musculoskeletal disorder. Workers are trained and competent in the task. Resources available for lifting are appropriate PPE to be worn like safety footwear at all times. Procurement of Automatic machine to automate the loading and unloading process of heavy objects Ensure job rotation after specific interval of time Sufficient training to ensure workers not causing a strain to their bodies Layout awareness on health issues associate to bad posture 2 Months 1 day 1 week 1 day Management Site Supervisor/ Safety Officer Management Safety Officer/ Site supervisor
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 6 of 15 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 5) Hazardous substances Dust-high concentration of dust in air Worker and Site Supervisor High concentration of dust is always present when the sand blowers are used on site to remove sand from the track. The worker is breathing these dust particles. It may cause short-term health issue like asthma and long- term health issue like chronic cancer. The most of the working people come in contact with dust on their skin which cause rashes dermatitis, people eyes are exposed frequently to dust cause eye irritation and dust is accidently swallowed which leads to upsetting gastrointestinal tract. 1) Dust mask are available with all worker, and it’s not mandatory to be worn 1) Use of sand removing machine instead humans. 2) Enforcement law to made to wearing mask is mandatory on site. 3) Improve quality of PPE such as overall for doing this type of work. 4) Eye protection glass to be provide to mitigate the eye damage. 5) Training on General hygiene to be given to all worker on risk of dust ingestion, inhaling and skin contact. 6 months 2 days 1 week 1 week 1 week Management Safety Officer / Site Supervisor Management Safety officer and Management Safety Officer and Site supervisor 6) Fire Fire may start from the place of storage All the worker, visitors and site supervisor might be harmed and damage to property. 1) The details fire risk assessment is done of the storage. 1) Worker to be educated to not keep their work uniform near the flammable liquid. 1 day 1 day Site Supervisor Site Supervisor
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 7 of 15 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title where Lubricants oil, diesel or petrol spills. Due to short circuit, smoking near the storage, doing welding and flammable materials storage such as cloths stored near them. If there is fire, the worker or any visitor who is inside the storage are may get burn, breathing issue or suffocation may arise to them. These could lead to death to them 2) Informative fire safety posters are place in various location. 3) Fire extinguisher are placed with their operating instruction. 4) Good housekeeping is done in the storage area. 5) Sprinklers and smoke detector are in place 2) Individuals ought to strictly warn regarding smoking area. 3) Health and safety inspection to be done regularly. 4) Emergency fire drills to be conducted to deal any emergency issue and proper records to be maintained, 1 Week 1 Week Safety Officer Safety officer and Management 7) Working at Heights Repair to outside AC unit of building is done using mobile tower scaffolding. Painting work done by painter on the building using moving scaffolding. Worker, Contractors and people passing by. The worker working on height may fall to death. It may also lead to spinal and neck injuries followed by paralysis Any object fallen from the person passing by might lead to death of the person or head injury which may lead permanent disability. 1) The mobile tower scaffolding is fitted with wheel brakes 2) Safe working load in indicated. 3) Proper PPE is not used when working on scaffolding 4) Platform is fully boarded without gap. 5) Person in charge of the work, is always present near the site to assist the person on the scaffolding. 6) This scaffolding is used on firm and stable level ground 1) Enforcement law to made to wear proper PPE is mandatory on when working on height it includes Safety harness, Safety shoes, High visibility vest and Helmet. 2) Medical condition of the worker to examined by the person in charge of the work before sending any worker on scaffolding 3) Avoid work at Height where its reasonably practicable to so. 4) Installation of toe boards on the scaffold and safety nets. 2 days 3 days N/A 1 Day 1 Week Site Supervisor and Safety Officer Health and Safety officer and Management Management
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 8 of 15 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 7) Correct fittings and materials are used 5) Minimise the distance and consequences of a fall by using right type equipment where the risk cannot be eliminated Safety officer/Site Supervisor 8) Electricity Electrocution due to damaged laid wire during work on site. Fire from faulty electrical equipment Malfunction of General Electric fittings Worker, Visitor and Contractors, activities on site such as rail grinding and rail cutting work. The damaged wire or wire insulation burst may lead to electrocution and fatalities. Unattended used of electrical equipment in the workshop. Rise of fire from electric fitting due to overload 1) Signage warning of danger for electricity. 2) Electric works should be carried out only by authorised person. 3) Proper PPE is to use with shock resistant. 4) Inspection of wire is done before laying for the work to be carried out. 5) Miniature circuit breaker and electric fuse are in place to stop overload short circuit. 6) On site one trained first aider is available to deal with minor shock. 1) Appointment of suitable person is to be done to ensure that safety precaution is followed. 2) All other electric safety is well controlled and monitored regularly 1 Day N/A Site Supervisor
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 9 of 15 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title 9) Work equipment and machinery’s Use of Hand tools, in appropriate. Power driven machine not used with proper precaution during the work. Power driven grinding machine blade scattered In Manual tamping machine foot of the worker could get hit. Rail Lifting machine may lead to hand injury if not properly handle Rail cutting machine has high speed wheel, cloth entanglement can lead to accident. All person present on the rails site is to be well trained for railway rules to avoid any incident. Employee and contractors working with these tools without following proper precaution. Use of Hammer and chiles which leads to injury to the person if not properly used. Simple misjudge by human while using he may hit his own figure. Power driven grinding machine may lead to injury, as main power supply is on, and the operating switch worker may not aware which may lead injury due to sudden start of the grinding, Grinding blade get broken during grinding work. Rail cutting machine has high-speed cutting blade may lead to injury if proper work PPE is not worn. If the person working near the rail is not aware of rule of railway, he may get hit by running trains 1) Employee and worker are trained to use hand tools 2) Use of appropriate PPE is encouraged in worker 3) Instruction is given to check the tools are in good condition to before use. 1) Only authorized person to use these tools 2) No worker should wear loose clothing when working with power driven machine 3) Interlocking power-driven machine to used i.e., it should start only when power button is pressed, it should stop working when power button is released. 4) Proper PPE which secure and not lose to get entangled that only to be allowed during work. 5) Personal track safety training is to be given all the employee before sending them of rail site for work 1 Day 2 days 1 Week 1 Week 1 Week Site Supervisor Safety Officer Management Safety Officer/ Management Safety Officer / management
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 10 of 15 Hazard category and hazard Who might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? What further controls/actions are required? Timescales for further actions to be completed (within …) Responsible person’s job title
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 11 of 15 Part 3: Prioritise 3 actions with justification for the selection Suggested word counts Moral, general legal and financial arguments for all actions: 300 to 350 words For EACH action: Specific legal arguments: 100 to 150 words Likelihood AND severity: 75 to 150 words How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk: 100 to 150 words Moral, general legal and financial arguments for ALL actions Moral, general legal and financial arguments Railway Company of Kingdom, was established in 2006, and it work to provide positive safety culture to its employee, as most of the employee are expatriates, they are here desert are to earn money and provide financial help to their family. The safe positive safety culture of the company keeps the moral up of the employee during work. As the all the employee are insured for medical expense and outmost care is taken by employer that all safety measure are followed during work. As this organisation is endorse with ISO 45001:2018 policy and bound by morals and trade standards. Company understands that non-compliance will bring down the reputation and this may lead to fines and punishments by the government authority. We all the employee presently endeavour to authorise and guarantee that we are completely complaint with all enactment inside the premises. General legal argument is that company is endorse to ISO 45001:2018 and follow law imposed by ministry of health on the company. This makes the responsibility of the organisation for care and obligation to guarantee of health and safety system. A secure framework of work and avoidance approach must be input. This organisation work and maintenance plan as per ILO CONVENTION C- 155 AND RECOMMENDATION R-164. Financial argument is that if any of the worker get injured during the work it will impact both the worker and company which may vary in different configuration like direct and indirect cost. Direct cost which may arise from First aid treatment to compensation paid to employee in form of insurance which could lead rise in premium payment. The Indirect cost which will lead from deployment of another employee in place of him, increase the overtime cost, if the victim is required from discharge from the service, which will put extra burden of the employer to recruit new employee. This may also damage the image of public image of the company.
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 12 of 15 Justification for action 1 Action Automate the loading and unloading process of heavy objects. This avoids the physical injury to worker while lifting heavy objects (hazard category ‘manual handling) Specific legal arguments The Railway company of Kingdom, has adopted the ILO conventions and recommendation in addition of own country safety laws to safe guard the worker for any injury and fatality due to work. The international labour law (ILO) recommendation on Occupational Safety and health R164 that supplement Convention C155. Its recommendation in article IV states that “Provide and maintain workplace, machinery and equipment, and use work methods, which are as safe and without risk to health as is reasonably practicable”. Consideration of likelihood AND severity If we consider the likelihood and severity of loading and unloading of material at site is very likely to cause injury to work. As most of the work involve in loading and unloading work manually which make lead to any incident, if necessary, precaution is not taken. If we set the severity in 1 to 4 scale then we can put them like this to measure them as per their ranking 1) Minimum: No injury or any damaged occurred 2) Minor: Injury which required First Aid 3) Major: Injury requiring hospital treatment 4) Catastrophic: Death or irreparable damaged The severity of this hazard is rated major, as which lead to injury to lower and upper limbs, which will lead hospitalisation for more than two weeks. How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include:  the intended impact of the action;  justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and  whether you think the action will fully control the risk. The procurement of automatic machine to automate the loading and loading of sleepers, rail and ballast will reduce the risk. The timescale for the procurement of the automatic machine is given two months as, it required to meet with the specification as per the railways and the supplier to be identified. Budgeting and order will in place it would required approximately two months to process. This action will control the risk of get injured on site due loading and unloading and it will not cause occupational health hazard to work. The training pertaining to use this machine will reduce the risk.
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 13 of 15 Justification for action 2 Action Interlocking power-driven machine to used i.e., it should start only when power button is pressed, it should stop working when power button is released. (Hazard category work equipment and machinery) Specific legal arguments This company adopted the International Labour convention C155 and ILO recommendation R164 which obligated to look after the welfare of the employee. Refer to ILO convention C155 article 4 and article 12 in particular, which give guidance to prevent any type of accident or injury to health arising out of linked with or occurring in the course of work. It also states that measures to be taken in accordance to the national law and practice for safe working Consideration of likelihood AND severity If we consider the likelihood and severity of using power tools without interlocking at site is very likely to cause injury to employee. As most of the work involve in heavy cutting and tamping work. In course of using machine may get started on as soon as power is supplied and worker may be unaware which may lead to major injury and hospitalisation is mandatory. To avoid this severity check is done as follows, If we set the severity in 1 to 4 scale then we can put them like this to measure them as per their ranking 1) Minimum: No injury or any damaged occurred 2) Minor: Injury which required First Aid 3) Major: Injury requiring hospital treatment 4) Catastrophic: Death or irreparable damaged The severity of this hazard is rated major, as which lead to injury to lower limbs and upper limbs , which will lead hospitalisation for more than two weeks. How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include:  the intended impact of the action;  justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and  whether you think the action will fully control the risk. The interlocking power driven machine, will safely guard the injury which take place during the work due to sudden starting of machine if power is supplied. Sometime worker distracted and if he just release this control from the power button it will stop to safe guard the worker. The interlocking switch is biased till the power button will be pressed it will work and as soon as power button is released machine will stop working. The time scale is considered is for 1 week as these machines need to checked and find the appropriate supplier and the budget to be released from the management. This action will bring the risk level to minimum level as this will keep the work safe during the work.
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 14 of 15 Justification for action 3 Action Use of sand removing machine instead humans. The sand removing machine will remove the sand from the track without health risk to worker. (Hazard category hazards substance) Specific legal arguments The hazard category for the hazard arise due to dust of sand, when sand blower is used come under the International labour law convention C155 and ILO recommendation R164. Which specifically advice that appropriate measure to be taken by employer to protect the worker from any identified assessed risk which may lead to occupational health issue to employees Consideration of likelihood AND severity If we consider the likelihood and severity of using sand blower to remove sand from the track, the risk of inhaling the dust by the worker is very high, which lead to health issue to them. The facemask given to them is not worn regularly lead to more venerable to the risk. If we set the severity in 1 to 4 scale then we can put them like this to measure them as per their ranking 1) Minimum: No injury or any damaged occurred 2) Minor: Injury which required First Aid 3) Major: Injury requiring hospital treatment 4) Catastrophic: Death or irreparable damaged The severity of this hazard is rated major, as which lead to hospitalization as inhale of dust can cause asthma and breathing dust for long period leads to cancer, which will increase the severity to catastrophic level. How effective the action is likely to be in controlling the risk. This should include:  the intended impact of the action;  justification for the timescale that you indicated in your risk assessment; and  whether you think the action will fully control the risk. The use of sand removing machine to remove sand from the track will drastically reduce the risk of the worker who were exposed to dust. As the machine will be operated by only one work from the enclosed cabin. The time scale given by me is six months, as these machines are not manufactured in local country. They required budget approval from the management and then procurement process is to be followed which will lead six months to reach on site. Once this sand removing machine started being used by the worker, the risk will not fully be controlled as they will be using these machines but the risk will be significantly reduced.
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    Learner number: Learnername: Page 15 of 15 Part 4: Review, communicate and check Suggested word counts for each section:  Planned review date or period and reasoning for this: 50 - 100 words  How the risk assessment findings will be communicated and who needs to know the information: 100 - 150 words  Follow up on the risk assessment: 100 - 150 words. Planned review date/period with reasoning As per the company policy the survey of hazard evaluation must be done at every 12 months, so in that manner, my review date for 12 months’ time scale – 15 Jun 2022. In these periods if the new equipment is procured the review can be done as this will lead to change in the procedure of working and also leads to change in the shift pattern of worker. How the risk assessment findings will be communicated AND who you need to tell The risk assessment find will be discussed in meeting with management including Directors, Managers, Supervisors and representatives of workers. In meeting it will be discussed regarding risk assessment and further action to be taken. The minutes of agreed points will signed by the all members and a report will be prepared. This report will be published to all workers about he risk and preventive measures via putting on notice board of site and also discussed every morning in tool box talk to make aware the worker of hazard and risk involved during their work. The training will be given and also encourage to pay full attention during the training as this is their life and safety is every body responsibility. Risk assessment finding will be available in both way written and graphical representation. The company emails and internet library will also upload with these finding to make easy access to employee. How you will follow up on the risk assessment to check that the actions have been carried out To follow -up on the risk assessment to check whether the action have been carried out or not will setup a reminder for one month and check on that they have any relative action to complete the work as per assessment report. I will talk to the concern and accountable person to each of the activity to discover out the progress against and also check whether and activity is completing on time or not , will find out why its not done , area which still cause problems or need more practice will find out the source and what can be done to make them easier to procure the equipment with finance director and then to other director and management.