Neal Lesh
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This document discusses using computer science applications to improve health delivery in low-income countries. It provides two examples: 1) patient record systems using electronic medical records to track AIDS treatment in Rwanda, and 2) using medical algorithms on handheld devices to standardize child healthcare through automated Integrated Management of Childhood Illness protocols in Tanzania. Both aim to improve adherence to treatment guidelines, data quality, and clinical decision making. The conclusion emphasizes that any such applications must understand the local context and face challenges of evaluation, local ownership, integration, and avoiding duplication of existing efforts.
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Neal Lesh works in computer science applications to improve health delivery in low-income countries. He discusses discovering both the simplicity and complexity of global health inequities after getting a computer science degree and working in Africa. He provides two examples of his work: developing electronic patient record systems to improve AIDS treatment in Rwanda, and creating medical algorithms on handheld devices to better implement standardized pediatric care in Tanzania. Both efforts aim to enhance healthcare delivery and access through technology applications while addressing the local challenges.
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3. Research has shown that adopting a TeamSTEPPS approach and strengthening teamwork can reduce medical errors and preventable deaths, though widespread changes have been slow to be implemented across the healthcare system.
Presentation at 2007 Meeting of Indian Health Service in San Diego
In 3 sentences:
The document discusses patient safety in the VA system and why focusing on patient safety is important. It provides statistics on the size of the VA system and notes that medical errors harm millions of people each year, costing billions of dollars. The document advocates using a systems approach and human factors engineering to improve patient safety, rather than just policies or individual blame, in order to have the biggest impact on preventing future harm.
Integrated ACO selected for the NAACOS Innovation Showcase
Integrated ACO has been recognized as an ACO Innovation Leader in Data and Analytics. My company was chosen from a competitive field of applicants to present its innovation solution at the National Association of ACOs (NAACOS) Spring 2015 Conference in Baltimore, MD on April 2, 2015. Our in-house development of a predictive model for Congestive Heart Failure hospital admissions was recognized as one of the best in the country.
Γιώτα Τουλούμη, 6th Clinical Research Conference
Ομιλία-Παρουσίαση: Γιώτα Τουλούμη, Καθηγήτρια Βιοστατιστικής και Επιδημιολογίας, Εργαστήριο Υγιεινής, Επιδημιολογίας και Ιατρικής Στατιστικής, Ιατρική Σχολή, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Risk Management and Patient Safety Evolution and Progress
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mHealth Israel_Roy Malka, Scientific Director, Sheba, Tel Ha Shomer, Innovati...
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2) Current hospital models are expensive and reactive; new predictive services are needed using technologies like big data analysis and remote monitoring.
3) The Sheba Medical Center is working to transform massive healthcare data into medical knowledge through collaborative multidisciplinary research and real-world pilots like predicting medication errors and providing tele-medicine services.
This is a 2-hour timed closed book exam. You can use a calculator
This is a 2-hour timed closed book exam. You can use a calculator (not your phone) for calculations.
Questions:
1. Facebook remains the top choice of social media over all ages, with 65% using Facebook most often among those using social media sites. However, more visually oriented social networks such as Snapchat and Instagram continue to draw in younger audiences. When asked “Which one social networking site or service do you use most often?’’ here are the top sites chosen by Americans aged 12–24 who currently use any social networking site or service:
Social Media Site Percentage Who Use Most Often
Facebook 43%
Instagram 18%
Snapchat 15%
Twitter 8%
Google+ 4%
Pinterest 3%
a) What is the sum of the percentages for these top social media sites? What percent of Americans aged 12–24 use other social media sites most often?
b) Make a bar graph to display these data. Be sure to include an “Other social media site’’ category.
c) Would it be correct to display these data in a pie chart? Why or why not?
2. Table below gives the number of active nurses per 100,000 people in each state.
a) Why is the number of nurses per 100,000 people a better measure of the availability of nurses than a simple count of the number of nurses in a state?
b) Make a stemplot that displays the distribution of nurses per 100,000 people. The data will first need to be rounded. What units are you going to use for the stems? The leaves? You should round the data to the units you are planning to use for the leaves before drawing the stemplot. Write a brief description of the distribution. Are there any outliers? If so, can you explain them?
Active Nurses per 100,000 people, by state
State Nurses
State Nurses
State Nurses2
Alabama. 911
Louisiana. 881
Ohio. 1021
Alaska. 717
Maine 1093
Oklahoma 742
Arizona 585
Maryland 906
Oregon 803
Arkansas 798
Massachusetts 1260
Pennsylvania 1030
California 630
Michigan 849
Rhode Island 1104
Colorado 831
Minnesota 1093
South Carolina 834
Connecticut 1017
Mississippi 950
South Dakota 1296
Delaware 1155
Missouri 1038
Tennessee 984
Florida ...
POCkeT: Reducing Cervical Cancer in Peru through GVC analysis
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This document discusses efforts to reduce cervical cancer in Peru through analyzing the global value chain of a point-of-care colposcope called POCkeT. Field interviews were conducted with public and private sector organizations in Lima, Peru to understand how POCkeT could fit within existing healthcare infrastructure and clinical workflows. The interviews revealed opportunities to leverage telemedicine, train midwives on POCkeT usage, clarify midwife and patient roles, and improve coordination between organizations. Mapping the POCkeT value chain showed its traditional focus on manufacturing and sales. However, the ultimate goal is solving the problem of cervical cancer, requiring a holistic GVC analysis of all actors and factors involved in prevention, screening and treatment.Salud Mesoamérica 2015 Initiative: Select results from the first operation me...
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EPR-delivered CPOE adoption rates predict reduced LOS
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PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s Perspective
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
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- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
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Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
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This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
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The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
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Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort. Breast cancer: Post menopausal endocrine therapy
Breast cancer in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) status is a common and complex condition that necessitates a multifaceted approach to management. HR+ breast cancer means that the cancer cells grow in response to hormones such as estrogen and progesterone. This subtype is prevalent among postmenopausal women and typically exhibits a more indolent course compared to other forms of breast cancer, which allows for a variety of treatment options.
Diagnosis and Staging
The diagnosis of HR+ breast cancer begins with clinical evaluation, imaging, and biopsy. Imaging modalities such as mammography, ultrasound, and MRI help in assessing the extent of the disease. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy sample confirm the diagnosis and hormone receptor status by identifying the presence of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) on the tumor cells.
Staging involves determining the size of the tumor (T), the involvement of regional lymph nodes (N), and the presence of distant metastasis (M). The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system is commonly used. Accurate staging is critical as it guides treatment decisions.
Treatment Options
Endocrine Therapy
Endocrine therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for HR+ breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The primary goal is to reduce the levels of estrogen or block its effects on cancer cells. Commonly used agents include:
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen is a SERM that binds to estrogen receptors, blocking estrogen from stimulating breast cancer cells. It is effective but may have side effects such as increased risk of endometrial cancer and thromboembolic events.
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs): These drugs, including anastrozole, letrozole, and exemestane, lower estrogen levels by inhibiting the aromatase enzyme, which converts androgens to estrogen in peripheral tissues. AIs are generally preferred in postmenopausal women due to their efficacy and safety profile compared to tamoxifen.
Selective Estrogen Receptor Downregulators (SERDs): Fulvestrant is a SERD that degrades estrogen receptors and is used in cases where resistance to other endocrine therapies develops.
Combination Therapies
Combining endocrine therapy with other treatments enhances efficacy. Examples include:
Endocrine Therapy with CDK4/6 Inhibitors: Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib are CDK4/6 inhibitors that, when combined with endocrine therapy, significantly improve progression-free survival in advanced HR+ breast cancer.
Endocrine Therapy with mTOR Inhibitors: Everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, can be added to endocrine therapy for patients who have developed resistance to aromatase inhibitors.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy is generally reserved for patients with high-risk features, such as large tumor size, high-grade histology, or extensive lymph node involvement. Regimens often include anthracyclines and taxanes.
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Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory project
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Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
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Neal Lesh
- 1. Computer science applications to improve health delivery in low-income countries. Neal Lesh
- 7. Simple Story $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $ Infant mortality: 5 per 1,000 births Maternal mortality: 8 per 100K births Life expectancy: 78 years Infant mortality: 95 per 1,000 births Maternal mortality: 500-1000 per 100K Life expectancy: 45 years 300-540 57 69
- 8. Simple Story $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $
- 9. Simple Story $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$ Infant mortality: 95 per 1,000 births Maternal mortality: 500-1000 per 100,000 b Life expectancy: 45 years
- 10. Simple Story “ We are the first generation that can end poverty. ” - Eveline Herfkens, UN Millennium Campaign
- 17. Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Patient Monitoring Reports Clinicians & Patients Managers EMR Staff Paper forms Program Monitoring Reports Funder & government reports $ Re-allocate resources
- 20. ICT task: satisfy reporting requests
- 25. Rural Dispensary in Tanzania
- 29. Tanzania: underfive mortality was 13% lower in the two IMCI districts Source: Schellenberg J et al Full IMCI in HF End of study 13% difference 95% CI: -7%, 30% Significant impact on stunting
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- 41. CommCare Start House Hold Visit Plan Day Explore Data Exit
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