The document discusses selecting and operating Optical Time Domain Reflectometers (OTDRs) for fiber optic cable testing. It compares OTDRs to Optical Loss Test Sets (OLTS) and describes how OTDRs can provide additional information about individual connections, splices and fiber sections compared to OLTS. It reviews different OTDR models from Noyes including the M200, M700, OFL280 and C850 and how to set them up and perform basic OTDR operations and testing.

1. OTDR Selection & Operation

3. Tier 1 vs. Tier 2 testing… OTDR Connection or splice reflectivity OTDR Connection or splice insertion loss OTDR Link “baseline trace” Tier 2 -- Going beyond the minimum Tier 1 -- Required Can be verified by inspection (of cable markers) or measured using a certification test set or OTDR Link Length OLTS or VFL (red laser) Link Polarity OLTS (certification test set or light source and optical power meter) Link Insertion Loss

5. An OLTS treats a fiber link as a “black box” It can measure only end-to-end loss or power Power (dBm) Distance ? OLTS: Light Source and Power Meter IL (dB) P IN P OUT

7. Distance P IN P OUT C1 S1 C3 Fiber TIER 2 (OTDR) C2 Relative Power (dB) Allows us to “see” into the link to measure the individual connections, splices, and sections of fiber Opening the black box to see our link

9. OTDR’s can make event and fiber measurements that an OLTS can’t: Event Loss Fiber Loss Slope Event reflectance (calculated from “D”) D The OTDR advantage

10. OTDR’s perform functions an OLTS can’t Baseline Trace Connector Checking Fault Location Break Expected trace Actual trace OTDR Trace Report Loss Connection

12. OFL 280 C-860 Test Set M700 M200 Noyes OTDR models…

15. FRONT OTDR (1310/1550 nm) Optical Power Meter (OPM) Visual Fault Locator (650 nm) Tool-free battery door Bale Padded Carry Handle (side-panel) Power Input 18 VDC (side-panel) 2 nd USB Drive Port (in protected slot) USB Host & function ports VFL & OPM standard on all models M700 Top/Rear Panel Features

18. FRONT OTDR SM MM Visual Fault Locator (650 nm) Tool-free battery door Bale Padded Carry Handle (side-panel) Power Input 18 VDC (side-panel) 2 nd USB Drive Port (in protected slot) OLS SM MM OPM USB Host & function port VFL & OPM standard on all models C850 Top/Rear Panel Features

19. Tier 1 Pass/Fail using Auto-Test from C860 Complete Network Certification

20. Test Modes Utilities M700 Main Menu

21. Back, Menu, and Tab touch keys Menus and test results are displayed here Soft Key key labels and touch keys Page name and status SK1 SK2 SK3 SK4 SK5 Battery status M & C series Typical Page

22. Full Auto (Automatic OTDR) Expert (Manual, Auto, Auto-Once OTDR) OPM (Optical Power meter) Real-Time (Real-time OTDR) Fiber type, launch & receive test cord lengths Wavelength, range, pulse-width and filter Averaging time Event thresholds Wavelength Units (dB/dBm) (Set) Reference Automatic or default settings Test Mode Settings

23. Too short : less than link length Link Can’t see entire link – unpredictable results Good : about 1.5x to 2x link length Link Good trace – can see end of fiber. Too long : much larger than link length Link Trace is “squashed” into left side of display. Selecting the correct test Range

24. Too wide: Can’t resolve events About right: Events can be seen and trace is smooth Too narrow: Trace “disappears” into noise floor Link Link Link Where is this event? Selecting the correct Pulse Width (PW)

25. Example of 140km fiber run with correct range & PW

26. M200 with fiber rings attached

27. Normal C850 trace

28. C850 trace with bad connector

29. Too many Trace is smooth but waste of time About right: Trace is smooth Too few: Trace is noisy – noise floor is too high Link Link Link Selecting the correct Averages (Time)

31. Event and Attenuation Dead Zones Idealized trace of a reflective event at the shortest pulse width, P MIN . P MIN Real OTDR trace. 0.5 dB Event Dead Zone Attenuation Dead Zone 1.5 dB

32. Sample triple wavelength trace

33. Sample Event Table

34. Review a specific event

35. Summary Table

38. Measurement Range  Dynamic Range - 6 dB (always specified at P MAX ) Noise floor – trace power equals average OTDR noise power or SNR = 1 Level at which OTDR can accurately measure 0.5 dB event 0.5 dB  6 dB P MAX Backscatter level at OTDR test port Calculating Measurement Range from Dynamic Range Dynamic Range Measurement Range

39. OTDR comparison chart NOYES OTDR's - ALL Models All Noyes OTDR's come with a built in VFL port MM SM RANGE Km / mi @1550 OPM OLS PON Mode Comments: M200-00-0900PR YES YES 100 / 62 NO NO NO Available in MM, SM or QUAD versions 850/1300/1310/1550 - 22/22/26/26dB M200-11-0900PR NO YES 100 / 62 NO NO NO 1310/1550nm - 26/26 dB M200-12-0900PR YES NO N/A NO NO NO 850/1300nm - 22/22 dB M700-20U-01 NO YES 160 / 99 YES NO NO 1310/1550nm - 40/38dB Long Range (LR) M700-21U-01 NO YES 160 / 99 YES NO NO 1310/1550/1625nm - 40/38/38dB LR Triple M700-24U-01 YES YES 155 / 96 YES NO NO 850/1300/1310/1550nm LR Quad 24/24 MM - 39/37dB SM M700-25U-01 YES YES 100 / 62 YES NO NO Replaced M650 - QUAD 22/22 MM - 26/26dB SM OFL 250-50U NO YES 100 / 62 YES YES NO 1550nm only - 26dB OFL 280-100 NO YES 133 / 82 YES YES YES 1310/1550nm - 34/32dB OFL 280-101 NO YES 133 / 82 YES YES YES 1310/1550/1625nm - 34/32/30dB OFL 280-102 NO YES 133 / 82 YES YES YES 1310/1490/1550nm - 34/32/32dB OFL 280-103 NO YES 133 / 82 YES YES YES Only model with Live fiber testing capability 1310/1550/1625nm - 34/32/30 dB C850 YES YES 100 / 62 YES YES NO Certification OTDR w/ Large 6.5" Display 850/1300/1310/1550 - 22/22/26/26dB 8-17-10 Rev J

40. Thank you! For more information about the AFL -Noyes Test & Inspection products, please visit us on the web at: www.AFLglobal.com Or call our Sales or Technical Support group at: 1 603 528 7780 1 800 321 5298 (USA)