The integration of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) in the educational systems of both public and private primary schools in
Africa has become a crucial factor in enhancing teaching and learning. This
paper explores the role of ICT tools in education, including computers,
interactive whiteboards, learning management systems, educational apps,
online collaboration tools, television, and online assessment tools. It discusses
their applications and the advantages they offer, such as fostering creativity,
improving academic performance, increasing motivation and responsibility,
and promoting teamwork. However, it also acknowledges the challenges
associated with ICT integration, including distractions, excessive usage,
exposure to false information, data theft, reduced human contact, and
cyberbullying. Moreover, the paper highlights key challenges in African
education, such as the lack of computer literacy among instructors, low
teledensity, unstable power supply, inadequate financing, and the absence of a
comprehensive ICT curriculum. It concludes by emphasizing the need for a
holistic approach to ICT integration, addressing infrastructure, teacher
training, curriculum development, and organizational support to realize the
full potential of ICT in education especially at the Primary school level.
An Analysis on the Application of Information and Communication Technology (I...AJASTJournal
The paper sought to analyse the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching Health Education students in tertiary institutions in Adamawa State. A survey research design was used for the study. The population for the study comprised of 4 tertiary institutions offering Health Education out of which 2 were sampled. A simple random sampling was used in selecting 150 students from each of the institutions sampled making a total of 300 respondents. Data was collected with the use of questionnaire which was subjected to validity and reliability test. The mean and ANOVA was used in establishing the correlation between the variables in the study. The researcher accepts a result if the average mean is above 2.6 which is on the high side and shows a significant relationship. The researchers also reject a result if the average mean is below 2.5 which is on the low side and shows no significant relationship. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that: institutions and their management should have more ICT training centers on campus, the management of the institutions should urgently make sure ICT facilities are available for students’ use, the students should be given assignments, course project, group work, which will involve sourcing for information from the internet, lecturers should encourage students to organize mini seminars for presentation of assignments through the use of power point among others.
TEACHING AND LEARNING WITH ICT TOOLS: ISSUES AND CHALLENGESIJCI JOURNAL
The students nowadays are more friendly with tech devices. So, to make it less boring need to start
innovative ways that involve technology. Teaching via ICT tools have the potential to make a change in the
academic sector. It is a dynamic learning method. It provides more benefits as compared to the traditional
blackboard and chalks learning. The whole process of education can sometimes feel tedious for students. In
this digital era, ICT use in the classroom is important for giving students opportunities to learn and apply
the required 21st century skills. Hence studying the issues and challenges related to ICT use in teaching
and learning can assist teachers in overcoming the obstacles and become successful technology users. With
the advent of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) in education, teachers form their own
beliefs about the role of ICT as a teaching tool, the value of ICT for student learning outcomes and their
own personal confidence and competency. Barriers exist in integrating ICT in teaching and learning. The
barriers are extrinsic to the teacher and include lack of resources, time, access and technical support.
Multimedia and hypermedia in teaching dr minae mwangiIsaac Mwangi
The presentation is a resource for teacher educators on how to integrate multimedia and hypermedia tools in creating constructivist learning environments.
Role of ict in education a case of indira college 2IAEME Publication
Latent fingerprints lifted from crime scenes often contain overlapping prints, which are
difficult to separate and match by state-of-the-art fingerprint matchers. The methods that have been
proposed to separate overlapping fingerprints and successful matching previously suffer from limited
accuracy of the estimated orientation field. In this paper, the robustness of overlapping fingerprints
separation is increased, particularly for low quality images. This algorithm reconstructs the
orientation fields of component prints by modeling fingerprint orientation fields. To facilitate this,
orientation cues of component fingerprints are utilized, which are manually marked by fingerprint
examiners. The effectiveness of this model has been evaluated.
An Analysis on the Application of Information and Communication Technology (I...AJASTJournal
The paper sought to analyse the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching Health Education students in tertiary institutions in Adamawa State. A survey research design was used for the study. The population for the study comprised of 4 tertiary institutions offering Health Education out of which 2 were sampled. A simple random sampling was used in selecting 150 students from each of the institutions sampled making a total of 300 respondents. Data was collected with the use of questionnaire which was subjected to validity and reliability test. The mean and ANOVA was used in establishing the correlation between the variables in the study. The researcher accepts a result if the average mean is above 2.6 which is on the high side and shows a significant relationship. The researchers also reject a result if the average mean is below 2.5 which is on the low side and shows no significant relationship. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that: institutions and their management should have more ICT training centers on campus, the management of the institutions should urgently make sure ICT facilities are available for students’ use, the students should be given assignments, course project, group work, which will involve sourcing for information from the internet, lecturers should encourage students to organize mini seminars for presentation of assignments through the use of power point among others.
TEACHING AND LEARNING WITH ICT TOOLS: ISSUES AND CHALLENGESIJCI JOURNAL
The students nowadays are more friendly with tech devices. So, to make it less boring need to start
innovative ways that involve technology. Teaching via ICT tools have the potential to make a change in the
academic sector. It is a dynamic learning method. It provides more benefits as compared to the traditional
blackboard and chalks learning. The whole process of education can sometimes feel tedious for students. In
this digital era, ICT use in the classroom is important for giving students opportunities to learn and apply
the required 21st century skills. Hence studying the issues and challenges related to ICT use in teaching
and learning can assist teachers in overcoming the obstacles and become successful technology users. With
the advent of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) in education, teachers form their own
beliefs about the role of ICT as a teaching tool, the value of ICT for student learning outcomes and their
own personal confidence and competency. Barriers exist in integrating ICT in teaching and learning. The
barriers are extrinsic to the teacher and include lack of resources, time, access and technical support.
Multimedia and hypermedia in teaching dr minae mwangiIsaac Mwangi
The presentation is a resource for teacher educators on how to integrate multimedia and hypermedia tools in creating constructivist learning environments.
Role of ict in education a case of indira college 2IAEME Publication
Latent fingerprints lifted from crime scenes often contain overlapping prints, which are
difficult to separate and match by state-of-the-art fingerprint matchers. The methods that have been
proposed to separate overlapping fingerprints and successful matching previously suffer from limited
accuracy of the estimated orientation field. In this paper, the robustness of overlapping fingerprints
separation is increased, particularly for low quality images. This algorithm reconstructs the
orientation fields of component prints by modeling fingerprint orientation fields. To facilitate this,
orientation cues of component fingerprints are utilized, which are manually marked by fingerprint
examiners. The effectiveness of this model has been evaluated.
Capacity building for 21st century learning in secondary schools in AfricaPetra Fisser
This symposium brings together researchers who are evaluating ICT-integration in developing countries. The variety of the studies addresses many of the current issues related to the processes of and capacity building for ICT-integration. The contributors to the symposium will be invited to focus on the consequences of their study with respect to professional development and policy making. This relation fits into the conference theme “Excellence of teachers? Practice, policy, research”. The discussion will focus on the challenges and opportunities inherent in understanding how to prepare schools in developing countries for capacity building in the field of educational ICT use.
CHALLENGES OF INSECURITY IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY BASED L...Shehu Abdullahi Ringim
There is general insecurity in the contemporary learning environment particularly at secondary education level. Such insecurity could be posed by distractions to learning as a result of peer pressure, poor program design in the schools and lack of appropriate provision and utilization of learning resources such as the ICT tools. Students of secondary schools are within the age bracket of 14-18 years, which fairly corresponds with the teenage or adolescence stage. Due to limited life experience of this age group, they trend to misuse the ICT infrastructure put in place to support their learning in school or even at home. Therefore, care has to be exercised to protect learners from dangerous and harmful effects of such ICT tools as internet which facilitates access to dangerous websites that render them vulnerable to insecurities and distractions. This paper discussed the available ICT tools in Nigerian secondary schools, the need to guide the students in proper utilization of such tools so that they do not fall victims of the insecurity posed by negative influence of the ICT tools. The paper recommended some strategies to be applied by teachers, administrators, policy makers, and care givers in protecting the learners from such dangers.
Implication of Educational Technology on Quality Teaching Appraisal from the ...ijtsrd
The purpose of this research paper was to find out the implications of educational technology on quality teaching in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study had just one objective and was carried out in six divisions in the south west region. The survey research design was used and the sample was selected using the simple random sampling and the appropriate stratified random sampling technique. The sample consisted of 330 students and 100 teachers. The questionnaire and the interview were instruments used in the study to collect data. The descriptive statistics comprised tables, percentages, bars and pie charts while for inferential statistics, chi square test of independence was used to verify hypothesis. The results show that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative retained. Some recommendations were made to better the use of ICTs in the teaching and learning process to both teachers and students Mbah Emmanuel Teke "Implication of Educational Technology on Quality Teaching: Appraisal from the Perspective of Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21338.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/21338/implication-of-educational-technology-on-quality-teaching-appraisal-from-the-perspective-of-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/mbah-emmanuel-teke
USE OF ICT TO ENHANCE THE LEARNING PROCESS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONijejournal
ICTs in Education refers to the development of information and communications technology specifically
for teaching/learning purposes, while the ICTs in education involves the adoption of general components
of information and communication technologies in the teaching learning process. The National Mission on
Education through Information and Communication Technology (NME-ICT), launched in 2009 by the
Central Government. Let’s see how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) evolved the Higher
Education system: The role of ICT in higher education, what students learn, The role of ICT in Higher
Education, how Students Learn, The role of ICT in Higher Education, when students learn, The role of ICT
in higher education, where students learn. Online courses, development of e-content, e-learning, digital
libraries, online encyclopaedias, journals, and books would promote learning and make knowledge
available to all irrespective of the distance or location or financial resources. Government intervention is
necessary so that ICT can be made successful in higher education. Information and Communications
Technology (ICT) has the proven power to change the world. This acronym refers to the merging of audiovisual and telephone networks with the computer single unified system of cabling.
Academic Journal Writing and Types of Journals.pdfssuser793b4e
Academic journal writing serves as the lifeblood of scholarly communication, fostering the
dissemination of knowledge and innovation within various academic disciplines. This
seminar paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the significance of academic journal
writing and an in-depth analysis of the diverse types of scholarly journals available. The
paper delves into the fundamental structure and components of academic journal articles,
emphasizing their pivotal role in presenting original research, conducting literature reviews,
and fostering academic discourse. Additionally, it outlines the distinct characteristics of
various types of journals, including research journals, review journals, scholarly versus trade
journals, open access journals, and interdisciplinary journals. Furthermore, the seminar
paper offers crucial insights into the selection criteria for appropriate journals, highlighting
considerations such as scope, audience, impact factor, and adherence to submission
guidelines. Understanding these factors aids researchers, scholars, and academics in
effectively navigating the complex landscape of academic publishing, ensuring the
successful dissemination of their work within their respective fields. This seminar paper
serves as a valuable guide for individuals involved in academic research, offering a
comprehensive understanding of academic journal writing and equipping them with the
knowledge necessary to navigate the scholarly publishing landscape effectively. This
abstract encapsulates the key points and objectives covered in the seminar paper on
academic journal writing and types of journals, providing a concise overview of its contents
and significance within the academic community
The Differences between Single Diode Model and Double Diode Models of a Solar...ssuser793b4e
This research paper systematically reviewed and investigated single
diode model and double diode model of a solar photovoltaic systems in terms
of accuracy, differences under major unknown PV parameters, different
optimization and fabrication. This research paper reviewed the differences and
the similarities between the single diode model and double diode model. From
the review, it was clear that single diode model has less computation time and
number of unknown parameters compared to double diode model. The double
diode model on its own superiority is more accurate under solar shading
condition effect than single diode model but single diode model performs
better under high insolation levels. None of the two models is superior than
the other but the solar photovoltaic modelers/installers should bear the solar
irradiance of the environment before installation
More Related Content
Similar to Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and.pdf
Capacity building for 21st century learning in secondary schools in AfricaPetra Fisser
This symposium brings together researchers who are evaluating ICT-integration in developing countries. The variety of the studies addresses many of the current issues related to the processes of and capacity building for ICT-integration. The contributors to the symposium will be invited to focus on the consequences of their study with respect to professional development and policy making. This relation fits into the conference theme “Excellence of teachers? Practice, policy, research”. The discussion will focus on the challenges and opportunities inherent in understanding how to prepare schools in developing countries for capacity building in the field of educational ICT use.
CHALLENGES OF INSECURITY IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY BASED L...Shehu Abdullahi Ringim
There is general insecurity in the contemporary learning environment particularly at secondary education level. Such insecurity could be posed by distractions to learning as a result of peer pressure, poor program design in the schools and lack of appropriate provision and utilization of learning resources such as the ICT tools. Students of secondary schools are within the age bracket of 14-18 years, which fairly corresponds with the teenage or adolescence stage. Due to limited life experience of this age group, they trend to misuse the ICT infrastructure put in place to support their learning in school or even at home. Therefore, care has to be exercised to protect learners from dangerous and harmful effects of such ICT tools as internet which facilitates access to dangerous websites that render them vulnerable to insecurities and distractions. This paper discussed the available ICT tools in Nigerian secondary schools, the need to guide the students in proper utilization of such tools so that they do not fall victims of the insecurity posed by negative influence of the ICT tools. The paper recommended some strategies to be applied by teachers, administrators, policy makers, and care givers in protecting the learners from such dangers.
Implication of Educational Technology on Quality Teaching Appraisal from the ...ijtsrd
The purpose of this research paper was to find out the implications of educational technology on quality teaching in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study had just one objective and was carried out in six divisions in the south west region. The survey research design was used and the sample was selected using the simple random sampling and the appropriate stratified random sampling technique. The sample consisted of 330 students and 100 teachers. The questionnaire and the interview were instruments used in the study to collect data. The descriptive statistics comprised tables, percentages, bars and pie charts while for inferential statistics, chi square test of independence was used to verify hypothesis. The results show that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative retained. Some recommendations were made to better the use of ICTs in the teaching and learning process to both teachers and students Mbah Emmanuel Teke "Implication of Educational Technology on Quality Teaching: Appraisal from the Perspective of Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21338.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/21338/implication-of-educational-technology-on-quality-teaching-appraisal-from-the-perspective-of-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/mbah-emmanuel-teke
USE OF ICT TO ENHANCE THE LEARNING PROCESS IN HIGHER EDUCATIONijejournal
ICTs in Education refers to the development of information and communications technology specifically
for teaching/learning purposes, while the ICTs in education involves the adoption of general components
of information and communication technologies in the teaching learning process. The National Mission on
Education through Information and Communication Technology (NME-ICT), launched in 2009 by the
Central Government. Let’s see how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) evolved the Higher
Education system: The role of ICT in higher education, what students learn, The role of ICT in Higher
Education, how Students Learn, The role of ICT in Higher Education, when students learn, The role of ICT
in higher education, where students learn. Online courses, development of e-content, e-learning, digital
libraries, online encyclopaedias, journals, and books would promote learning and make knowledge
available to all irrespective of the distance or location or financial resources. Government intervention is
necessary so that ICT can be made successful in higher education. Information and Communications
Technology (ICT) has the proven power to change the world. This acronym refers to the merging of audiovisual and telephone networks with the computer single unified system of cabling.
Academic Journal Writing and Types of Journals.pdfssuser793b4e
Academic journal writing serves as the lifeblood of scholarly communication, fostering the
dissemination of knowledge and innovation within various academic disciplines. This
seminar paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the significance of academic journal
writing and an in-depth analysis of the diverse types of scholarly journals available. The
paper delves into the fundamental structure and components of academic journal articles,
emphasizing their pivotal role in presenting original research, conducting literature reviews,
and fostering academic discourse. Additionally, it outlines the distinct characteristics of
various types of journals, including research journals, review journals, scholarly versus trade
journals, open access journals, and interdisciplinary journals. Furthermore, the seminar
paper offers crucial insights into the selection criteria for appropriate journals, highlighting
considerations such as scope, audience, impact factor, and adherence to submission
guidelines. Understanding these factors aids researchers, scholars, and academics in
effectively navigating the complex landscape of academic publishing, ensuring the
successful dissemination of their work within their respective fields. This seminar paper
serves as a valuable guide for individuals involved in academic research, offering a
comprehensive understanding of academic journal writing and equipping them with the
knowledge necessary to navigate the scholarly publishing landscape effectively. This
abstract encapsulates the key points and objectives covered in the seminar paper on
academic journal writing and types of journals, providing a concise overview of its contents
and significance within the academic community
The Differences between Single Diode Model and Double Diode Models of a Solar...ssuser793b4e
This research paper systematically reviewed and investigated single
diode model and double diode model of a solar photovoltaic systems in terms
of accuracy, differences under major unknown PV parameters, different
optimization and fabrication. This research paper reviewed the differences and
the similarities between the single diode model and double diode model. From
the review, it was clear that single diode model has less computation time and
number of unknown parameters compared to double diode model. The double
diode model on its own superiority is more accurate under solar shading
condition effect than single diode model but single diode model performs
better under high insolation levels. None of the two models is superior than
the other but the solar photovoltaic modelers/installers should bear the solar
irradiance of the environment before installation
Redefining Academic Performance Metrics Evaluating the Excellence of Research...ssuser793b4e
The Redefining Academic Performance Metrics: Evaluating the Excellence of Researchers, Academics, and Scholars
explores the evolving landscape of academia, focusing on the shift from traditional metrics like publication and
citation counts to a more inclusive, open, and equitable approach. The study acknowledges the limitations of
traditional metrics and celebrates pioneers in shaping the future of scholarly endeavors, highlighting the importance
of inclusivity, openness, and equitable evaluations in assessing academic excellence.
Qualities and Characteristics of a Good Scientific Research.pdfssuser793b4e
Many young researchers find it difficult to write a good and quality research thesis/article
because they are not prone to article writing ethics and training. Yet, a thesis/publication is
often vital and paramount for career advancement, grants, academic qualifications and
others. This research work described the basics and systematic steps to follow in writing a
good scientific thesis/article. This research also outlined the main sections that an average
thesis/article should contain, the elements that should appear in each section, the systematic
approaches in writing research, the characteristics of a good thesis/article, the attributes of
a good research thesis/article, qualities of a good researcher and finally the ethics guiding
research
Maximizing Journal Article Impact Strategies for Enhanced Visibility in Today...ssuser793b4e
In the dynamic realm of academia, researchers face the dual challenge of generating
groundbreaking insights and ensuring widespread visibility for their contributions. This
article explores the evolving strategies employed by researchers to enhance the visibility of
their journal articles in the changing landscape of academic technology. Online publishing
platforms have transformed scholarly communication, democratizing knowledge through
open-access journals, preprint servers, and institutional repositories. Beyond traditional
metrics, we delve into innovative methods, collaboration, and technology-driven solutions
that amplify the reach and impact of scholarly articles. Visibility extends beyond
dissemination, encapsulating the art of captivating diverse audiences and transcending
disciplinary boundaries. This research article illuminates the path towards heightened
visibility, empowering researchers to contribute to the collective tapestry of knowledge
through means such as Academia.edu, ISSUU, Scribd, ResearchGate, social media, Search
Engine Optimization (SEO), and ORCID. Enhanced visibility offers multifaceted advantages,
including increased citations, higher impact factors, knowledge dissemination, international
collaboration, career advancement, public engagement, and job opportunities within the
scholarly community. Researchers are equipped with the insights needed to thrive in the
evolving landscape of journal article visibility in the digital cosmos.
Impact of Urban Planning on Household Poverty Reduction in Uganda A Review.pdfssuser793b4e
The study analyzed the impact of urban planning on reducing household poverty in
Uganda. It found that both negative and positive factors significantly influence household
poverty. The study also identified five key factors that contribute to household poverty:
social services, research and development, employment, and investment. The findings
suggest that urban planners should align their policies with government policies when
allocating resources to reduce poverty caused by unplanned urbanization. The study
recommends that urban planners work to improve the quality of life for households in
Uganda
Government Interventions and Household Poverty in Uganda A Comprehensive Revi...ssuser793b4e
This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted impact of government interventions
on household poverty in Uganda, a nation grappling with socio-economic challenges.
Through an in-depth analysis of diverse policies and programs implemented by the
Ugandan government, this study examines their efficacy in alleviating poverty and
enhancing the overall well-being of households. Drawing upon a wide array of scholarly
articles, policy documents, and empirical studies, the research assesses the effectiveness
of interventions such as social welfare programs, economic programs, pro-poor programs
and educational reforms. The review delves into the intricate interplay between these
government interventions and household poverty dynamics, considering factors like
income disparity, access to education, healthcare services, and employment opportunities.
By synthesizing existing literature, this study elucidates the successes and shortcomings of
various strategies, shedding light on the key determinants of their effectiveness.
Additionally, it analyzes the role of governance, accountability mechanisms, and resource
allocation in shaping the outcomes of poverty-alleviation initiatives. Hence, this review
critically examines the challenges faced by marginalized households in accessing and
benefiting from government interventions, highlighting areas that require targeted policy
reforms and targeted interventions. By identifying gaps in existing research and policy
frameworks, this study provides valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and
development practitioners, aiming to inform evidence-based decision-making processes.
Ultimately, this review contributes to the ongoing discourse on poverty reduction
strategies in Uganda and offers recommendations for enhancing the impact of government
interventions on vulnerable households, thereby fostering sustainable socio-economic
development in the region.
The Effect of Financial Management on the Learning Ability of Students in.pdfssuser793b4e
This review explores the crucial nexus between financial
management and the learning environment within government-aided primary
schools in Ibanda Municipality, Uganda. Education in developing nations
heavily depends on the efficient allocation and utilization of funds, directly
impacting the quality of education and overall learning experience for
students. Drawing upon a comprehensive analysis of selected schools in
Ibanda Municipality, this review investigates the diverse financial
management strategies employed and their subsequent influence on essential
educational components, including infrastructure, teaching resources, and
student welfare. This review research revealed that there is a direct correlation
between effective financial management and the overall enhancement of the
learning environment. Schools with robust financial planning mechanisms
demonstrate improved infrastructure, better teacher-student ratios, and
enhanced availability of educational resources whereas those schools facing
financial constraints struggle to survive financially which affects the quality
of education. Moreover, this review sheds light on the challenges faced by
schools in resource allocation and highlights potential solutions to enhance
financial sustainability. It emphasizes the need for strategic financial
planning, transparent budgeting, and community involvement to ensure the
effective utilization of limited resources.
Quantification of Earth Material for Sustainable Road Works in Southeast Nige...ssuser793b4e
This paper examines the use of earth materials in sustainable road
construction in South East, Nigeria. The study aims to determine factors
associated with the use of earth materials, identify limiting factors, and
examine strategies to improve their use. The study population comprised 60
engineers and craftsmen using local materials. The results show limitations in
the use of earth materials in sustainable road works. The study recommends
contracting firms to develop better storage facilities for earth materials to
prevent damage and wastage. It also suggests incorporating earth materials
into construction education curriculums to sensitize students to their potential
benefits. The government should adopt a policy of adapting earth materials
that require minimal capital and foreign exchange and utilizing available raw
materials and skills in small-scale operations. The study's findings highlight
the importance of sustainable road construction in Nigeria's socio-economic
growth.
Mobile Disinfectant Spraying Robot and its Implementation Components for Viru...ssuser793b4e
The virus pandemic COVID-19 outbreak brought a huge pressure
to the public healthcare system worldwide, especially in developing African
countries like Uganda. The Educational system and institutions were put on a
standstill due to no quick countermeasures to make the environment clean and
safe for normal activities to continue. This paper successfully and
comprehensively reviewed the Bluetooth and smart disinfectant spraying
robot that successfully controlled the spread of the deadly virus. It also
detailed different components that made up the complete spraying robot
systems and from this it was observed that spraying robot systems are made
up of almost the same components for implementations but differs on
program that is embedded on the microcontroller due to different functions.
This programing differs based on the functions that the designer/programmer
wants the robot to do despite using almost the same components. This
research review paper will act as guide for future researchers when designing
and implementing a mobile spraying robot.
Assessing Energy Policies, Legislation and Socio-Economic Impacts in the Ques...ssuser793b4e
The energy sector in Africa, particularly in countries like Uganda,
plays a pivotal role in shaping economic development, social progress, and
environmental sustainability. This study delves into the nuanced interplay
between energy policies, legislation, and their real-world consequences in
Uganda. By employing a case study approach, this research investigates the
multifaceted impact of Uganda's energy policies and legislation on various
stakeholders, including government institutions, businesses, and local
communities. This study provides an overview of Uganda's energy landscape,
highlighting the challenges faced by the nation in ensuring a stable and
sustainable energy supply. It then meticulously examines the evolution of
energy policies and legislation over the past few decades, analysing their
formulation, implementation, and effectiveness. Through qualitative and
quantitative analyses, this research assesses the socio-economic consequences
of these policies and legislations. It explores how regulatory decisions have
influenced energy accessibility, affordability, and reliability for urban and
rural populations. Additionally, the environmental impact of energy policies
is scrutinized, focusing on their contributions to climate change mitigation,
natural resource conservation, and the promotion of sustainable practices. The
study also evaluates the social repercussions, including the empowerment of
local communities, employment generation, and overall improvements in the
quality of life resulting from energy policy interventions. This research
critically examines the challenges faced during policy implementation, such
as bureaucratic hurdles, financial constraints, and political influences, which
often hinder the desired outcomes. It identifies key lessons from Uganda's
experiences, offering valuable insights for other African nations grappling
with similar energy challenges.
A Review of Cross-Platform Document File Reader Using Speech Synthesis.pdfssuser793b4e
Document files are files used to store documents on storage
devices primarily for computer use. Software is used to view these files,
displaying their text content in a legible way. However, it is essential to have
programs for transforming electronic files into versions usable by those who
suffer from specific disabilities. This paper reviewed fifteen published articles
in the field of document file reading. It was observed from the review that
various attempts have been made by different researchers in order to develop
a software cable for converting document files that consist of text to an audio
format. Text may now be easily translated into natural-sounding voice across
many platforms using different software. It was observed from the systematic
review that the use of AI such as the GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 Turbo Large
Language Model (LLM) technologies has the best performance because it
does not end at producing a vocal sound that is similar to human own, but it
also translates different languages. In conclusion, cross-platform document
file reader (text-to-speech) synthesis has improved user experiences in a
variety of applications such as language learning, audiobooks and virtual
assistants.
A Critical Assessment of Data Loggers for Farm Monitoring Addressing Limitati...ssuser793b4e
This comprehensive review examines thirty-nine data loggers and
their associated literature, systematically critiquing their design and
implementation. The integration of data loggers in farm monitoring proves
cost-effective, enabling the simultaneous monitoring of multiple parameters
without human intervention. The accrued data, when logged over time,
contributes to more accurate weather predictions, empowering farmers to
strategically plan for upcoming seasons. However, the review reveals a
prevalent issue among existing data loggers: many cannot read and record
various weather parameters concurrently, coupled with insufficient storage
capacity. This limitation hinders their suitability for prolonged, unattended
data storage. Additionally, a significant number of the reviewed data loggers
lack long-range wireless data transmission capabilities, restricting effective
weather monitoring from a distance. The findings underscore the need for
researchers to focus on developing advanced long-range data logger systems
with enhanced memory storage capacities to address these identified
shortcomings.
A Comparative Analysis of Renewable Energy Policies and its Impact on Economi...ssuser793b4e
Renewable energy has been identified as a critical component of
global efforts to address climate change, enhance energy security, and foster
sustainable economic growth. As a result, many countries have implemented
renewable energy policies to promote the development and deployment of
renewable energy technologies. However, the impact of these policies on
economic growth remains a subject of debate. This article provides a
comparative analysis of renewable energy policies and their impact on
economic growth. The study employs a systematic review of the literature and
utilizes qualitative and quantitative methods to compare renewable energy
policies and their economic impacts across different countries. The findings
suggest that the impact of renewable energy policies on economic growth
varies across countries and is influenced by factors such as policy design,
institutional context, and economic structure. This research article finally,
examined the challenges associated with implementing renewable energy
policies, analyzed the implications of the findings for policymakers and
further gave some potential solutions that will help the policymakers and
future researchers
The study investigated principals’ administrative strategies as correlates of teachers’ job
performance in public secondary schools in Obollo-Afor Education Zone of Enugu State. Four
research questions and four null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted a
correlational survey design. The population of the study was 1,854 principals and teachers in
48 secondary schools in the Zone. A sample of 605 teachers was drawn using proportionate
stratified random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data
collection and was subjected to face-validation by three experts. The internal consistency of
the instrument was obtained using Cronbach Alpha, which yielded an index of 0.72. Data
collected were analyzed using regression analysis while regression ANOVA was used in testing
the formulated hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of the study revealed that,
open communication, carrying teachers’ along and providing for teachers’ welfare among
others are principals’ administrative strategies for enhancing teachers’ job performance in
secondary schools. The result also, revealed a high positive significant relationship existing
between principals’ administrative strategies in decision making, delegation of duties, open
communication and management of staff welfare and teachers’ job performance in secondary
schools. The study recommended among others that principals in public secondary schools
should adopt positive administrative strategies as identified in this study to promote
teachers’ job performance.
A Systematic Review of Renewable Energy Trend.pdfssuser793b4e
This paper systematically and successfully reviewed the renewable energy trend from 2010 to 2023. This review
detailed the difference renewable energy and conclusion was drawn that solar photovoltaic (PV) energy has the
leading trend in power generation growth and innovation. This research work explained in detail the most recent
solar photovoltaic optimization techniques and it was observed from the review that hybridization of intelligent and
non-intelligent maximum power point tracking technique has the best tracking power conversion efficiency. The
advantages and disadvantage of solar PV together with the solar optimization and innovational growth trends were
examined. This research showed that clean and renewable energy sources will continue to grow and the solar energy
industry is expected to experience significant growth and rapid innovation in the next 10 years. From the observed
rapid growth and innovation trend in solar energy, the world will have a very cheap, abundant and clean energy
before 2050.
Automated Hybrid Smart Door Control System.pdfssuser793b4e
This research paper successfully designed, developed and implemented an automated hybrid smart door control system which has the ability to secure a home up to 92% electronically. This smart door system is designed and implemented by building a hardware made up of the Bluetooth module and fingerprint scanner which are interfaced with the Microcontroller system that uses +5V power supply. The written programs were interfaced into the microcontroller chips by plugging the Arduino USB cable into the laptop and upload the codes. The microcontroller chips helped in enrolling the users fingerprint into the fingerprint scanner and it automatically administers and saves the users fingerprint after enrollment. Furthermore, after all the processes the user places the enrolled or registered finger into the fingerprint scanner which either accepts or denies the user by triggering the solenoid lock to either unlock, lock or deny access. This process of unlocking and locking requires using Bluetooth and fingerprint to either lock or unlock the door smartly without stress and it can be done within one second that is why the Solenoid lock is used in building this security system. This automated hybrid smart door control system developed has curbed the problem of door breaking theft for about 92%, strengthened security and as well made it so easy for the physically challenged people to have access to their homes without third party assistance.
Design and Implementation of a Smart Surveillance Security System.pdfssuser793b4e
Home security is essential for occupant’s conveniences and protection. This research project designed and implemented a comparatively inexpensive smart surveillance security system that automatically captures an intruder’s image through a raspberry pi camera module and PIR sensor and sends mail to the user via Wi-Fi using the users registered email address. This system operates by triggering the Pi Camera through Raspberry Pi whenever an intruder comes in range using PIR sensor. The Pi camera will capture the image, save it and send the image of the intruder via mail to the user through the help of the command codes embedded in the Raspberry pi microcontroller. This research project will enable home/supermarket and office owners to secure their facilities and monitor the activities of their employers at any location at cheaper cost which is the earnest desire of an Engineer. Proteus 2022 was used as the simulation tool.
Review of the Implications of Uploading Unverified Dataset in A Data Banking ...ssuser793b4e
This review paper comprehensively detailed the methodologies involved in data analysis and theevaluation steps. It showed that steps and phases are the two main methodological parameters to be considered during data assessment for data of high qualities to be obtained.It is reviewed from this research that poor data quality is always caused by incompleteness, inconsistency, integrity and time-related dimensions and the four major factors that causes error in a dataset are duplication, commutative entries, incorrect values and black entries which always leads to catastrophe. This paper also reviewed the types of datasets, adopted techniques to ensure good data quality, types of data measurement and its classifications.Furthermore, the Kaggle site was used as a case study to show the trend of data growth and its consequences to the world and the data bankers. It is then deduced that low data quality which is caused as a result of errors during primary data mining and entries leads to wrong results which bring about the wrong conclusions. It was advised that critical data quality measures should be adopted by the data bankers such as Kaggle before uploading the data into their site to avoid catastrophe and harm to humans.Finally, the outlined solutions as reviewed in this paper will serve as a guide to data bankers and miners to obtain data of high quality, fit for use and devoid of a defect.
Qualitative research is concerned with feelings, ideas, or experiences. Finding insights that can result in testable hypotheses is the main goal of the data collection, which is frequently done in narrative form. During the exploratory phases of a study, educators use qualitative research to find patterns or fresh perspectives. A methodology called qualitative research is created to gather non-numerical data to produce insights. It is not statistical and is either semi-structured or unstructured. It is predicated on data gathered using a research methodology that provides an answer to the why. This article discussed the approaches to qualitative research, qualitative data collection methods, advantages and disadvantages of qualitative research and tools for analyzing qualitative data
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and.pdf
1. 2023 | International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences | Volume. 6 | Issue. 2 | 101-108
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Science
p-ISSN: 2685-2330, e-ISSN: 2685-2322
Original Research Paper
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and
Communication Technology in African Primary Schools
Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi1,2*,
Val Hyginus Udoka Eze1
, Chinyere N. Ugwu2
1
Department of Publication and Extension, Kampala International University.
Uganda.
2
Department of Electrical, Telecommunication and Computer Engineering, Kampala
International University. Uganda.
Article History
Received:
20.04.2023
Revised:
26.05.2023
Accepted:
12.06.2023
*Corresponding Author:
Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi
Email:
ogenyi@kiu.ac.ug
This is an open access article,
licensed under: CC–BY-SA
Abstract: The integration of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) in the educational systems of both public and private primary schools in
Africa has become a crucial factor in enhancing teaching and learning. This
paper explores the role of ICT tools in education, including computers,
interactive whiteboards, learning management systems, educational apps,
online collaboration tools, television, and online assessment tools. It discusses
their applications and the advantages they offer, such as fostering creativity,
improving academic performance, increasing motivation and responsibility,
and promoting teamwork. However, it also acknowledges the challenges
associated with ICT integration, including distractions, excessive usage,
exposure to false information, data theft, reduced human contact, and
cyberbullying. Moreover, the paper highlights key challenges in African
education, such as the lack of computer literacy among instructors, low
teledensity, unstable power supply, inadequate financing, and the absence of a
comprehensive ICT curriculum. It concludes by emphasizing the need for a
holistic approach to ICT integration, addressing infrastructure, teacher
training, curriculum development, and organizational support to realize the
full potential of ICT in education especially at the Primary school level.
Keywords: Enhancement, Information and Communication Technology,
Primary Schools, Public and Private, Teaching and Learning.
2. Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi, Val Hyginus Udoka Eze, Chinyere N. Ugwu.
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and Communication Technology in African Primary Schools.
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101-108, Dec 2023. DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0602.599
102
1. Introduction
The most challenging and difficult task facing some teachers in some public and private schools in
Africa is the inability to use 21st century instructional materials effectively. Teaching and learning in
this era are computer-oriented and therefore need computer-literate resource teachers. One of the most
commonly used teaching methods in this 21st century involves the use of computers and other
communication technologies; this is what [1] referred to as the workability principle. The researcher
in [2] views Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as the technology used to exchange,
process and communicate information and knowledge by electronics ranging from radio and
television to telephones (fixed and mobile), computers and the internet. According to [3], ICT may
consist of computers, computer networks, and other pieces of hardware. In addition, ICT consists of
software that facilitates the abilities of the system to manage information in a way that is useful to
managers, administrators and employees in the organization.
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Can be defined as a different set of
Technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store and manage
information [4]. ICT has a pivotal role to play in human life ranging from cyber security to speech
translations [5][6][7]. However, its role in an educational system in which primary education is the
basic can never be neglected. Information and Communications Technology (ICT) can be used to
enhance Pupil learning when teachers queue into these digital concepts and understand how to
integrate them into the curriculum. This communication can be through Zoom, GSM, or Google Meet
[8][9][10]. Accordingly, the Nigerian national policy on education places emphasis on the provision
and utilization of ICT as it stipulates that considering the prominent role of ICT in advancing
knowledge and skills necessary for effective functioning in the modern world, there is an urgent need
to integrate ICT in education [11][12]. Scholar in [13], states that “In Africa for instance, there are
issues that have to do with national policies and plans. Many of the countries do not have national ICT
policies.
This paper focuses on how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can be used as a
tool to facilitate teaching and learning in both public and private primary Schools in Africa. In order
to achieve this, some basic concepts will be discussed. These include; Some essential ICT tools that
can be used to facilitate teaching and learning, the applications of these tools in the teaching and
learning process, the advantages and disadvantages of these tools used to impact this knowledge to the
Pupils, some various strategies for ICT integration in the Nigerian education system, the challenges
faced by the Teachers from achieving the full advantage offered by ICT applications and finally, the
remedies to these challenges.
2. Literature Review
ICT tools for effective teaching and learning
• Computers
• Interactive Whiteboards and Projectors
• Learning Management Systems (LMS)
• Educational Apps and Software
• Online Collaboration Tools,
• Televisions and
• Online Assessment Tools.
For clarity purposes, the above-listed ICT tools are discussed, to enable the teachers and the
learners to apply them to where it fits in the teaching and learning process.
2.1. Application of ICT Tools To Teaching and Learning
ICT tools to teaching and learning, are:
1) Computer
A Computer is an electronic device that accepts data as an input, processes it and displays the
information as an output. Computers have become the backbone if not all, many ICT tools
used in the classroom. When educational software is installed and internet access is activated,
can serve as a powerful tool which enables the Teachers to prepare interactive lessons, take
the Pupil’s assessment records, store information, equip the teachers with the necessary
application programs to create multimedia presentations, and manage the available
instructional resources effectively and efficiently. For the Students/Learners, it’s used to
3. Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi, Val Hyginus Udoka Eze, Chinyere N. Ugwu.
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and Communication Technology in African Primary Schools.
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101-108, Dec 2023. DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0602.599
103
conduct research, writing of assignments, and engage themselves in team or collaborative
work. This tool reduces the workload on both the teachers and the students to a minimum cost
thereby facilitating the teaching and learning process.
2) Interactive Whiteboards and Projectors
Interactive Whiteboards and Projectors are electronic devices placed on the wall that make
content presented by the teacher more visible to the learners. These tools can be used to
present/project or display diagrams, pictures and videos. Instead of coming to draw on the
board, pictures can be projected thereby bringing the image closer to the learners that are far
from the board for the sake of visibility. The visual appeal of interactive whiteboards and
projectors captures Pupil’s attention and fosters better understanding and retention of what is
being taught.
3) Learning Management Systems
Learning Management Systems (LMS) have made the educational process more efficient and
effective by providing a centralized platform for course management and content delivery.
This ICT tool allows Teachers to organize lesson materials, prepare assignments and quizzes,
and monitor pupils’ learning progress easily. For students, LMS helps the learners to have
access to learning materials, interactions between the learners (Pupils) and their teachers, and
submitting assignments. This tool has been of help during the pandemic period of COVID.
These systems have also facilitated the online learning process, enabling remote education
and flexible learning to take place.
4) Educational Apps and Software
Educational apps and software have to do with a very wide coverage of subjects and learning
levels. This ICT tool enables the pupils to engage in mathematical games, and spelling app
games, practice foreign language skills and pronunciation with language learning apps, and
learn virtual science experiments with simulation software. Educational apps are very good
ICT tools that facilitate different learning preferences for the Pupils considering the urge
children have for games.
5) Online Collaboration Tools
This idea of online Collaboration is an imperative skill that has added a very big value to this
contemporary workforce, these tools play a vital role in promoting competency. Platforms
like Google Workspace (formerly G Suite) created by Google can give one access to Gmail
on his/her preferred domain with 30GB of Google Drive storage per user. This enables
Students/Pupils to do collaborative work on documents, slideshows, and spreadsheets in real
time. Here Students/pupils can provide feedback, can also modify each other’s work, and
collectively, make reasonable input to group projects. These tools foster teamwork and critical
thinking while preparing Students/Pupils for collaborative work environments in their future
careers thereby facilitating teaching and learning.
6) TV (Televisions)
Television can be kept in the ICT rooms or in the classrooms. It is an electronic device that
can be used to show images, videos, or animations. This looks like a computer monitor; it has
many channels on it when connected to satellite and can be used to display Programmes that
are educative. Television can be of help to Pupils, especially in junior classes in primary
school. Videos like Cartoon can be useful to the Pupils on how to pronounce words and in
sentence making.
7) Online Assessment Tools
Online assessment tools have bridged the gaps in the stress Teachers undergo while assessing
their Students/Pupils. Online assessment tools are ICT tools that enable teachers to organise
online quizzes and tests for the learners, which are automatically graded. This makes the
students/pupils get instant feedback. This online assessment also enables the teachers to
identify the learning gap of each student/pupil and can effect corrections where necessary.
2.2. Advantages of Using ICT Tools
The advantages of using ICT tools, are:
ICT provides the pupils with new skills development to become more creative. It stimulates
the development of their imagination as well as their initiative. This is a valuable tool for
producing work, both in terms of content and form.
4. Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi, Val Hyginus Udoka Eze, Chinyere N. Ugwu.
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and Communication Technology in African Primary Schools.
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101-108, Dec 2023. DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0602.599
104
The use of ICT tools in the teaching and learning process improve pupils’ academic
performance in their classroom experience. The classroom will not be only a Teacher-
centred classroom.
Motivation and higher levels of attention are increased, thereby contributing to greater
effectiveness in the learning process.
Increases Pupils’ responsibility and sense of autonomy. In this case, it provides the Pupils
with the right of self-engagement to new skill acquisitions.
The use of Tablets as a work tool at home, gives rise to the incorporation of new learning
methodologies, such as online education, inverted classroom, etc…
It increases the Pupils’ interest. The use of educational Apps and Software can equip the
Pupils with different instructional materials such as videos, graphics and games that are
closely related to their various subjects which can be educative. Actually, educational
multimedia content is a very useful tool to bring different subjects closer to the Pupils in an
entertaining way.
Teamwork is inculcated in the Pupils. Collaborative work is clearly enhanced with the
different ICT tools. These tools provide the pupils with an easier way than ever to create
team projects, cooperate and learn from each other.
Close dialogue between pupils and teachers is encouraged through different channels, in a
more spontaneous and less formal way even outside the physical classroom.
2.3. Disadvantages of Using ICT Tools
ICT tools are not perfect; just as they bring many benefits to teaching and learning in primary schools
and in all education systems at large, they also have some disadvantages to be considered [14].
Distractions and lack of attention. As it has to do with digitalisation, which gives the user
unlimited access to multiple resources and sources of information, such as web pages, social
networks or chats, and therefore, they take attention away from the subject matter. In this
case if not properly guided, can serve as a distraction to the Pupils.
Excessive impact. Excessive and inappropriate use can lead Pupils to an irresistible
relationship with technology, which can lead to an inability to control consumption and as a
result, have adverse effects on the pupil’s health, social, family and academic life.
Consumption of false information. Exposure to false information available on the internet
and mostly, television programmes that are not meant for children can also be a death trap to
the pupils.
Theft of personal data. A lack of knowledge about the dangers of cybercrime can
unintentionally expose pupils’ data, especially if they are minors, for example, by sharing
photos with strangers.
It reduces human contact. With the incorporation of new technologies such as the use of
online collaboration tools, the learning process becomes more distant and the physical
relationship with teachers and classmates decreases. As a consequence, by reducing human
contact, isolation can appear and become an obstacle to Pupil’s personal development.
It amplifies bullying. This is a complex subject to deal with and one of the biggest risks is
bullying.
According to UNICEF, (Humanitarian aid organization) Cyberbullying is bullying with the use of
digital technologies. It can take place on social media, messaging platforms, gaming platforms and
mobile phones. It is repeated behaviour, aimed at scaring, angering or shaming those who are
targeted. Examples include: spreading lies about or posting embarrassing photos or videos of someone
on social media, sending hurtful, abusive or threatening messages, images or videos via messaging
platforms impersonating someone and sending mean messages to others on their behalf or through
fake accounts. Therefore, the lack of physical contact can lead to a loss of assertiveness and misuse of
online tools and platforms, which can lead to cyberbullying by the pupils [7].
3. Methodology
The type of this research is summarizing scholarly literature, by using keywords ICT, Information and
Communication Technology, Primary Schools, Teaching and Learning.
5. Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi, Val Hyginus Udoka Eze, Chinyere N. Ugwu.
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and Communication Technology in African Primary Schools.
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101-108, Dec 2023. DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0602.599
105
4. Finding and Discussion
4.1. Adopted ICT Integration Strategies
The researcher in [15], proposed the following strategies for ICT integration in the Nigerian
educational system.
1) Policymakers in Nigeria would do well to start by figuring out the educational reasons that
technologies are to serve before they are brought on board when planning for ICT
integration in education. Clarifying general educational policy is necessary since it should
provide the justification and direction for integrating technology. Remember that technology
is just a tool and cannot, therefore, make up for flaws in educational policy [16].
2) Once national education objectives have been defined, policymakers must choose which
ICT integration strategy to use. Three such approaches, which are used in Asia Pacific
nations, were identified by [17] as being useful for the Nigerian educational system.
a. teaching ICT as a subject in its own right, usually beginning at the upper secondary
level, to develop a labour force with ICT skills;
b. integrating ICTs across the curriculum to improve teaching and learning; and
c. using ICTs to foster learning anywhere and anytime as part of the development of a
knowledge society in which all citizens are ICT savvy. Each of these has different
infrastructural, personnel, and management requirements among others.
3) Partnerships between the public and private sectors to test or expedite ICT-based projects
have become more popular among ministries of education in developing nations. These
collaborations can take many different shapes, such as private sector subsidies with
matching public contributions, corporate equipment donations to schools, and the provision
of technical support help for grassroots planning, management, and enhancement of human
resources. The financial yardstick for ICT-based projects is their ability to continue
operating after donor funding is exhausted. Because the government failed to provide the
necessary money, many ICT-based education programs supported by assistance
organizations could not continue. Therefore, a two-pronged approach; government
assistance and local community mobilization is essential.
4) Balancing instructional objectives with economic realities is one of the biggest obstacles to
ICT adoption in education. ICTs in educational programs demand significant financial
inputs; as a result, care must be taken when deciding what ICT use models will be adopted
and how to maintain economies of scale. Therefore, the question is whether the value added
from using ICTs outweighs the expense in comparison to alternatives. In other words, given
the available financial, human, and other resources, is ICT-based learning the most efficient
strategy for accomplishing the desired goals, and if so, what is the modality and scale of
implementation that can be supported? [18] suggests the following possible sources of funds
and resources for ICT use programs: (1) grants, (2) public subsidies, (3) private donations
and fundraising events, and (4) community support.
5) A good strategy for ICT integration in education should involve teachers' professional
development in five areas: (1) skills with particular application, (2) integration into existing
curriculum, (3) curricular changes related to the use of IT (including changes in instructional
design), (4) changes in teachers' roles, and (5) underpinning educational theories [18].
Teachers are essential to ICT-based learning. Even the most experienced teacher must
continually update their abilities to keep up with emerging technology like ICTs and adhere
to global best practices.
4.2. Challenges to Effective Integration of ICT in the Education system
Some of the challenges to effective integration of ICT in the Nigerian education system include:
• A significant portion of the instructors and support personnel in several schools in Africa lack
computer literacy. The researcher in [19] correctly noted that a significant portion of
instructors and lecturers in Nigeria's science fields lack computer literacy. From this vantage
point, it is evident that such teaching personnel would have a very tough time implementing
these ICT tools in their instruction and training.
• Low teledensity is a significant obstacle to ICT integration. For instance, there is still limited
access to communication tools like computers, the Internet, and telephones. With 20 million
subscribers, Nigeria has the second-largest telecommunications sector in Africa (after South
6. Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi, Val Hyginus Udoka Eze, Chinyere N. Ugwu.
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and Communication Technology in African Primary Schools.
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101-108, Dec 2023. DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0602.599
106
Africa), according to [20]. However, the country has a teledensity of less than 15%, compared
to Canada's l07% despite having a far lower population.
• Nigeria's power grid is unstable. ICT infrastructure is powered. When there is a power supply
in metropolitan areas, it is erratic, which prevents ICT facilities from being used to their full
potential.
• Lack of financing has led to inadequate ICT infrastructure in schools. According to [21],
education financing in Nigeria is egregiously inadequate, which has an impact on a number of
sectors including the funding of ICT projects, the training and retraining of instructors, and
the creation of software. The supply of ICT equipment in schools is significantly hampered by
the existing level of financing for education in Nigeria and the declining budgetary allocation
to the sector. For instance, Nigeria's government's financial contribution to education has
consistently fallen well short of the 26% spending guideline for the sector set by the United
Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). In higher institutions,
where computers are required for instruction and access to the Internet, the impact of
inadequate finance is especially noticeable.
• On a more serious issue, ICT has not been adequately incorporated into Nigeria's basic and
secondary curricula. The issue won't go away until the national education policy is updated to
properly incorporate ICT into the curriculum.
4.3. Effective Use of ICT in Primary School Education
The researcher in [22] gave seven requirements for the effective use of ICT in education:
1. Suiting technology to education goals and standards.
2. Having a vision for the use of technology to support curriculum.
3. Providing for both in-service and pre-service training.
4. Ensure access to appropriate technology
5. Provide administrative support for technology use
6. Providing time for teachers to plan and learn how to integrate technology
7. Providing ongoing technique support for technology use in general, these requirements fall
into three areas of impact:
• Providing the infrastructure of hardware and software,
• Providing curriculum and technical support for teachers,
• School organization, design, policies and practices, schooling, and management support.
4.4. ICT Integration Challenges
This study's main result is that many instructors in African schools, both public and private, have a
difficult time utilizing 21st-century teaching resources. The main issue is that teachers generally lack
computer literacy. This makes it difficult for them to utilize the teaching and learning potential of ICT
technologies.
The study emphasizes the critical role that information and communication technologies (ICT)
play in education. It is crucial for instructors to be knowledgeable about digital ideas and the
incorporation of ICT tools into the curriculum at a time when computer-oriented learning
predominates.
Computers, interactive whiteboards and projectors, Learning Management Systems (LMS),
educational apps and software, online collaboration tools, televisions, and online assessment tools are
just a few of the essential ICT tools mentioned in the paper for efficient teaching and learning.
Numerous chances to improve the educational process are provided by these instruments.
Benefits of ICT Tools There are several benefits to using ICT technologies in teaching. It
encourages students' imagination and creativity, which improves their academic achievement. It raises
students' interest in learning while also improving motivation, accountability, and autonomy.
Additionally, it promotes cooperation and allows for direct communication between students and
teachers.
ICT tools have several downsides, despite the fact that they have numerous advantages.
Distractions and diminished focus, excessive technology use that causes social and health problems,
exposure to misleading information, the possibility of identity theft, less human interaction, and the
escalation of cyberbullying are a few of these.
7. Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi, Val Hyginus Udoka Eze, Chinyere N. Ugwu.
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and Communication Technology in African Primary Schools.
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101-108, Dec 2023. DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0602.599
107
Specific issues in the Nigerian educational system in relation to ICT integration are revealed by the
study. There are several of these problems, including low teledensity, unpredictable power supplies,
insufficient funding for ICT infrastructure, and a lack of a thorough ICT Curriculum.
5. Conclusion
This research emphasizes how important ICT is to contemporary education and how important it is for
instructors to adjust to the evolving nature of classroom instruction. By using ICT technologies,
teaching and learning may be transformed to become more interesting, efficient, and inclusive. To
fully utilize the potential of ICT in education, it is evident that there are substantial hurdles, notably in
the Nigerian educational system. Comprehensive teacher training, better infrastructure, and the
creation of an ICT curriculum are all required to address these issues. Furthermore, steps must be
taken to address the drawbacks of ICT resources, such as reducing distractions and shielding pupils
from cyberbullying. Finally, a comprehensive strategy that includes instructors, infrastructure,
curriculum, and administrative support is needed for the effective integration of ICT in education. ICT
technologies, when used effectively, may improve the educational process, give students more
agency, and get them ready for the 21st century's digital requirements.
References
[1] C. Lankshear, I. Snyder, and B. Green, Teachers and technoliteracy: Managing literacy,
technology and learning in schools. Allen and Unwin, 2000
[2] T. Arokoyo, The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Nigeria Agricultural
Extensions Services. In Orgundamoru, B.O. Ed, Agricultural Extension Methodologies, 2008.
[3] S. A. Adeyemo, and E. T. Adu, The Role of Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) in Enhancing Quality Education in Nigerian Universities. International Journal of
Information and Education Technology, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 31-35, 2016
[4] S. Owusu-Ansah, Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT): A
Comparative Analysis of Male and Female Academics in Africa. University of Ghana, 2013
[5] V. S. Enyi, V. H. U. Eze, F. C. Ugwu, and C. C. Ogbonna, “Path Loss Model Predictions for
Different Gsm Networks in the University of Nigeria, Nsukka Campus Environment for
Estimation of Propagation Loss,” International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and
Communication Engineering, vol. 10, no. 8, pp. 108–115, 2021, doi:
10.17148/IJARCCE.2021.10816.
[6] V. H. U. Eze et al., “Qualities and Characteristics of a Good Scientific Research Writing; Step-
by-Step Approaches,” IAA Journal of Applied Sciences, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 71–76, 2023.
[7] V. H. U. Eze, C. N. Ugwu, and I. C. Ugwuanyi, “A Study of Cyber Security Threats,
Challenges in Different Fields and its Prospective Solution: A Review,” INOSR Journal of
Scientific Research, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 13–24, 2023.
[8] V. H. U. Eze, M. C. Eze, C. S. Chidiebere, B. O. Ibokette, M. Ani, and U. P. Anike, “Review of
the Effects of Standard Deviation on Time and Frequency Response of Gaussian Filter,”
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 747–751, 2016
[9] V. H. U. Eze, M. C. Eze, C. C. Ogbonna, S. Valentine, S. A. Ugwu, and C. E. Eze, “Review of
the Implications of Uploading Unverified Dataset in A Data Banking Site (Case Study of
Kaggle),” IDOSR Journal of Applied Science, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 29–40, 2022.
[10] F. C. Ogenyi, and H. Udeani, Design and Implementation of a Cross-Platform Document File
Reader using Speech Synthesis, Newport International Journal of Engineering and Physical
Sciences, Vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1-11, 2023
[11] Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004) National policy on education, Abuja, Nigeria: NERDC.
[12] V. H. U. Eze, M. C. Eze, E. Enerst, and C. E. Eze, “Design and Development of Effective
Multi-Level Cache Memory Model,” International Journal of Recent Technology and Applied
Science, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 54–64, 2023, doi: 10.36079/lamintang.ijortas-0502.515.
[13] P. Mbebe, and S. Mburu, Integrating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into
Primary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: Challenges and Opportunities. International Journal
of Education and Development using Information and Communication Technology, vol. 15, no.
2, pp. 100-117, 2019
8. Fabian Chukwudi Ogenyi, Val Hyginus Udoka Eze, Chinyere N. Ugwu.
Navigating Challenges and Maximizing Benefits in the Integration of Information and Communication Technology in African Primary Schools.
International Journal of Humanities, Management and Social Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 101-108, Dec 2023. DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ij-humass-0602.599
108
[14] Anonymous, "advantages-disadvantages-icts-education," Date of internet publication. [Format].
Available: https://www.telefonica.com/en/communication-room/blog/advantages-disadvanta
ges-icts-education/. [Accessed: 16/10/2023].
[15] E. C. Ibara, ‘Information and communication technology integration in the Nigerian education
system: Policy considerations and strategies’, Educational Planning, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 5–18,
2014
[16] D. Haddad, ICTs for education: A reference handbook. Part 2: Analytical review, 2007
[17] G. Farrell and C. Wachhsolz, Meta-survey on the use of technologies in education in Asia and
Pacific, 2003-2004. UNESCO Bangkok. Retrieved from http://www.unescobkk.
org/index.php?id=1807, 2003.
[18] V. L. Tinio, ICT in education: e-Primers for the Information Economy, Society and Polity.
Retrieved from http://www.apdip. net/publications/iespprimers/ICTin Education.pdf, 2013
[19] D. U. Akubuilo, and C. L. Ndubuizu, using information and communication technology to
enhance learning in schools and colleges. In M. A. G. Alake (Ed.) Proceedings of the 44th
annual conference of STAN, pp. 80-85. [Accessed: 16/10/2023].
[20] J. Adeyeye, Nigeria places 90th of 115th countries in IT rating. The Punch Newspaper, vol. 3,
2006.
[21] L. Gbadamosi, Challenges of the e-teaching profession and ways forward: An educational
planner`s view. Paper presented at ICT workshop organized by Teachers Registration Council
of Nigeria. Adeniran Ogunsanya College of Education, Lagos, 2000
[22] J. Cradler, and E. Bridgforth, Recent research on the effects of technology on teaching and
learning, 2002, http://www.wested.org/techpolicy/research.html. [Accessed: 16/10/2023].