Natural allergens FROM PLANTS AND ANIMALS

1. Natural allergens

2. Introduction
 Allergens are inciting agents of allergy i.e. the
substances capable of sensitizing the body in such a way
that an unusual response occurs, in hypersensitive
person.
 In technical terms, an allergen is an antigen that is
capable of stimulating a type-I hypersensitivity reaction
in atopic individuals through Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
responses.
 It may be of biologic, chemical, or of synthetic origin.
 The substance such as pollens, dander's, dust etc. as
natural allergens.
 Allergens are protein or glycoprotein .
 The word "allergy" was first used by Clemens von
Pirquet in 1906.
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NATURAL ALLERGENS

3. TYPES OF ALLERGENS
INHALANT ALLERGENS
INGESTANT ALLERGENS
INJECTANT ALLERGENS
CONTACTANT ALLERGENS
INFECTANT ALLERGENS
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4. I. Inhalant allergens
• Inhalant allergens are air borne substances as
chemicals, causing respiratory disease, inflammation
in nose and lungs.
• Inhalant allergies caused by environmental factors
such as pollen, pets, house dust mites and moulds.
 Inflammation in nose & lungs may cause Hay fever &
Asthma.
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INHALANT ALLERGENS

5. Symptoms
• Sneezing
• Lachrymation
• Coughing and post nasal drip
• Itching eyes, nose and throat.
• Allergic shiner
• Allergic salute
• Watering eyes, conjunctivitis
(pinkeye).
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DUST MITES
CYNODON DACTYLON

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7. II.Ingestant allergens
• Allergens which are present in food stuff and swallowed are
termed ingestant (food allergy).
• A food allergy is an immune system response to a food.
• When foods are digested and the nutrients are absorbed,
substances in the food (ingestant allergens) stimulate allergic
response. These reactions cause a number of allergic
symptoms.
• Some most common food allergens ingested by patients are
milk, egg, peanut, tree nut, fish, shellfish, soy, wheat,
orange juice, cod liver oils, etc.
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8. Symptoms
• Food allergens ordinarily cause GIT symptoms,
but they may also cause
Skin rash
Puffed lips and tongue
Migraine
Rhinitis (nose inflammation)
Bronchial asthma
Severe cases of eczema of hands.
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FOOD ALLERGENS

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10. III. Injectant allergens
• The injectants (injectable preparations and
insects) cause allergy in hypersensitive person,
allergic conditions is known injectants allergy.
• Symptoms
 Itching of the palms of hands and soles of feet
 Erythema
 Peeling of skin
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11. • The natural sources of injectable allergens are
produced by the sting of bees, hornets and wasps.
• In addition to penicillin products, other injectable that
may cause allergies are liver extract, antitoxins and
the glandular products.
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STING OF BEES

12. IV. Contactant allergens
• "Any allergens they produce manifestation of
hypersensitivity at the site of skin or other
mucous“ (topical areas).
• Aeroallergens, such as the various pollen grains
containing oils, trichomes from various leaves,
flowers and small fragments of plants tissue
carried by smoke originating from brush fires,
grass fires and burning leaves are also cause for
contact allergens.
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13. fig. Parthenium hysterophorus
• A Number of plants
products used as additives in
cosmetics and perfumes are
irritants and cause skin
allergy to some
hypersensitive individuals.
• Wool fat in cosmetics, soap
and soap powders, plain
detergents and enzyme
detergents, nail polishes,
hair dye and hair spray are
also included among the
major cause of contact
dermatitis.
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14. V. Infectant allergens
Allergy caused by the metabolic product of
living micro-organism in the human body.
 The continual presence of certain types of
bacteria, protozoa's, molds, helminths and
other parasites in the body of human being are
responsible for chronic infection.
In such patient bacterial metabolic waste are
considered to be infectant allergens.
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15. symptoms
• Repetitive sneezing,
• Release of watery fluids,
• Swelling of nose,
• Itching redness and
• lachrymation
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16. Treatment
• Treatment includes over-the-counter
medications, antihistamines, nasal
decongestants, allergy shots and alternative
medicine.
• In the case of nasal
symptoms, antihistamines are normally the first
option. Some over-the-counter options
are Benadryl and Tavist.
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17. Antiallergic/antihistamine drugs
Over-the-counter allergy medications
1. Antihistamines (sedating)
• Brompheniramine (Dimetane)
• Chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)
• Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
2. Antihistamines (non-sedating)
• Cetirizine (Zyrtec, Zyrtec-D)
• Clemastine (Tavist)
• Fexofenadine (Allegra, Allegra D)
• Loratadine (Claritin, Claritin D, Alavert)
1st generation drugs
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18. Prescription allergy medication
• Acrivastine (Semprex-D)
• Carbinoxamine (Palgic)
• Cyproheptadine (Periactin)
• Desloratadine (Clarinex)
• Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
• Levoceterizine (Xyzal)
2nd generation drugs
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19. Side effects
• Dry mouth.
• Drowsiness.
• Dizziness.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Restlessness or moodiness (in some children)
• Trouble peeing or not being able to pee.
• Blurred vision.
• Confusion.
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20. Allergens Plant name Allergic reactions
Pollens Timothy, cook foot perennial rye, Nettle,
plantain, rag weeds.
Seasonal hay fever
Spores Rhus randicans, R. toxicodendron, R.
deversiloba, R.vemix
Lycopodium
Dermatitis with blisters
filled with water
Dematitis and asthma
Sesquiterpene
lactone
Asteraceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae Contact dermatitis
Trees Acacia, alder Allergic reactions
Flower Sunflower Allergic reactions
Grass Bermuda grass, Johnson grass Allergic reactions
Food Shell fish, peanuts, pumpkin, egg, milk,juice Skin rashes, eczema,
rhinitis, puffed lips,
swelling of longue, 20