The document discusses several theories of narrative structure: 1. Todorov's theory that narratives typically follow five stages: equilibrium, disruption, recognition of disruption, attempts to repair disruption, and reinstatement of equilibrium. 2. Levi-Strauss's theory that narratives contain binary opposites such as good vs evil. 3. Propp's theory that fairy tales contain 7 character types including the villain, dispatcher, helper, princess/prize and father, donor, hero/seeker, and false hero. The document also analyzes a music video using Todorov's and Levi-Strauss's theories by identifying the disruption of equilibrium depicted and the binary opposites of innocence vs evil.

1. Narrative
Definition: a story or an account of a
sequence of events in the order in which they
happened

2. Todorov’s Theory
• Todorov suggested that conventionial narratives are
structured in five stages:
1. A state of equilibrium on the outset
2. A distruption of the equilibrium
3. Recognition that there has been disruption
4. Attempts to repair the disruption
5. Reinstatement of the equlibrium
When watching films or your favourite programmes Todorovs
theory will be easy to apply.

3. Levi Strauss Theory
• Strauss has a theory that all narratives contain binary
opposites.
• These are explained as complete opposites who are there to
set each other off against eachother.
• E.g.
Good Vs Evil
Happy Vs Sad

4. Propps Theory
Vladimir Propps proposed that there are 7 broad characters in every fairy
tale. This includes…
1- The villain — struggles against the hero.
2. The dispatcher — character who makes the lack known and sends the hero
off.
3. The (magical) helper — helps the hero in their quest.
4. The princess or prize and her father — the hero deserves her throughout
the story but is unable to marry her because of usually because of the villain.
The hero's journey is often ended when he marries the princess, thereby
beating the villain.
5. The donor — prepares the hero or gives the hero some magical object.
6. The hero or victim/seeker hero — reacts to the donor, weds the princess.
7. The false hero — takes credit for the hero’s actions or tries to marry the
princess.[

5. Music Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9-Lwpgfd1E
Rudimental – Not giving in
Analysis…
This music video follows Todorovs theory as it firsts states and shows
the disruption of the equilibrium which is clear to the audience that
there is abuse within the two boys family. The boys then try to repair
the disruption by doing different things to better themselves, one
learning to dance and competing in a dance competition but then the
other brother joining a drug gang to try and get money and power, but
sadly this backfires, reinstating the equilibrium.
Not only this it also follows Levis Strauss theory of binary opposites. The
brother who joins the gang represents innocence and the gang
represents evil.