This document provides an overview of nanotechnology, including: 1. Nanotechnology deals with manipulating matter at the nanoscale of 1-100 nm and allows for precise engineering at the atomic level. 2. Some key concepts in nanotechnology include top-down and bottom-up fabrication approaches, as well as quantum effects that can occur at the nanoscale. 3. Potential applications of nanotechnology span many fields including electronics, materials, communication, life sciences, energy, and security. Nanotechnology is expected to lead to major advances and economic benefits in the coming decades.

1. PRESENTED BY :
SHASHWAT SHARMA
P.G.D.C.A. Sem-2 1
GUIDED BY :
Asst. Prof. MAHENDRA
SONI SIR
SESSION - 2019-
20

2. CONTENT
• What is Nanotechnology ?
• What is Nanoscale ?
• How small is Nanoscale ?
• Origin of Nanotechnology .
• Nanoscale Approaches & Fabrication .
• Advantages of Nanotechnology .
• Application of Nanotechnology .
• Need for Nanotechnology.
• Future scope of Nanotechnology
• Some Upcoming Products.
• International Research & Education Organization.
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3. WHAT IS NANOTECHNOLOGY ?
• Nano is a Greek word which means
Extremely small.
• Nanotechnology deals with the size from 1-
100nm range.
• Nanotechnology is the art and science of
manipulating matter at the nanosize.
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An engineered DNA strand

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What is Nanoscale?
1.27 × 107 m 0.22 m 0.7 × 10-9 m
Fullerenes C60
12,756 Km 22 cm 0.7 nm
10 millions
times smaller
1 billion
times smaller

5. HOW SMALL IS NANOSCALE
????
• DNA sample 2 nm
• Chemical Drug 1 nm
• Blood Vesssel 20-50nm
• Carbon Nanotubes 50nm
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6. ORIGIN OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
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Nobel prize winner –
DR. RICHARD FEYNMAN was the first scientist
who suggest that devices and material someday
will be fabricated to atomic specifications.
This concepts were first discussed in 1959 by him
in his talk “There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom”,
in which he described the possibility of synthesis
via direct manipulation of atoms.
In 1986,
Dr. K.ERIC DREXLER
introduce the term
NANOTECHNOLOGY
in his book “Engines of Creation: The Coming
Era of Nanotechnology.”

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Nanoscale Approaches and Fabrication
Top-down
Approaches
Bottom-up
Approaches
Create smaller objects using
Larger objects
They arrange smaller
components in to more
complex.
Uses principles of molecular
recognition
Layer-by-layer self assembly

8. QUANTUM REALM
• Several phenomena become pronounced as the size of the
system decreases. These include statistical mechanical effects,
as well as quantum mechanical effects, for example the
"quantum size effect" where the electronic properties of solids
are altered with great reductions in particle size.
• This effect does not come into play by going from macro to micro
dimensions. However, quantum effects can become significant
when the nanometer size range is reached, typically at distances
of 100 nanometers or less, the so-called “Quantum Realm”.
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With NT, we can
create unique
materials and
products which
are:
 Stronger
 Lighter
 Cheaper
 Durable
 Precise
 Computers can
become a
billion times
faster and a
million times
smaller
 Automatic
Pollution
Cleanup
 Manufacturing
at almost no
cost
 End of Illnesses
(i.e. cancer,
heart disease)
 Universal
Immunity (i.e.
aids, flu)
 Body Sculpting
(i.e. change your
appearance)
Industrial MedicalMaterial
ADVANTAGES OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY

10. APPLICATIONS OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
1.
ELECTRONICS
• Integrated Circuits.
• Nano Adaptor.
• Quantam Computer.
• Nano Diode.
• OLED.
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12. Continue …
2. MATERIAL
• Nano Tubes.
• Aerogel.
• Stain Resistant Clothes
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Continue..
3.COMMUNICATIO
N
• Nano Sim

14. Continue…
4.LIFE SCIENCES
• Targeted Drug Delivery.
• Tissue Regeneration.
• Artifical Retina.
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15. Continue..
5.ENERGY
• Fuel Cells.
• Batteries.
• Solar Cells.
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Continue…
6. Security
• Graphene Bullet Proof
Jacket.
• Nanocameras Drone.

17. NEED FOR
NANOTECHNOLOGY
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 Allows the placement of small structures placed with
precision, simplicity and low cost.
 Leads to economic growth.
 Enhances national security.
 Improves the quality of life.
 Leads to job creation.
 May hold the key to a 21st century industrial
revolution.

18. FUTURE SCOPE OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
• Nanotechnology will redesign the
future of several technologies ,
products and markets.
• In aircraft design
• In medical science
• National security
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19. SOME UP COMING PRODUCTS
•Electronic Paper.
•Nokia Morph.
•Contact Lens.
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20. INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH AND
EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
• Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, India.
• Centre for Nano Science and Engineering at Indian Institute of
Science, India.
• National Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, China.
• National Institute for Nanotechnology , Canada.
• Russian Nanotechnology Corporation.
• National Nanotechnology Centre, Thailand.
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21. ADDITIONAL INFO
• Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) are tubes made of carbon with
diameters typically measured in nanometers.
• Graphene is an allotrope of carbon in the form of a single layer of
atoms in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice in which one atom
forms each vertex. It is the basic structural element of other
allotropes, including graphite, charcoal, carbon nanotubes and
fullerenes.
• Buckminsterfullerene is a type of fullerene with the formula C60.
It has a cage-like fused-ring structure that resembles a soccer
ball, made of twenty hexagons and twelve pentagons, with a
carbon atom which has one π bond and two σ bonds at each
corner of the shape to create a universal vertex. 21

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