The Viet Cong built an extensive network of underground bunkers and tunnel systems stretching over 300km beneath the forests of Vietnam. They used guerrilla warfare tactics like ambushes and booby traps to fight the Americans. The US launched massive bombing campaigns like Operation Rolling Thunder, dropping explosives, napalm, and Agent Orange to destroy the jungle, but struggled to defeat the Viet Cong insurgency. Iconic images like the 'napalm girl' photograph undermined public support for the war in the US as the human costs mounted and the end of the war remained unclear.