The document discusses the three types of muscles found in the human body: skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles. Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles that are attached to bones and enable intentional movement. Smooth muscles are involuntary and found in internal organs. They work automatically without conscious control. Cardiac muscles are only found in the heart. They have properties of both skeletal and smooth muscles - their structure is similar to skeletal muscle but they work automatically like smooth muscles.

1. ekalis'kh rFkk blds
izdkj
(Muscles & their Types )
Dr. S. N. Singh
Department of Physical Education
S.D. (P.G.) College, Muzaffarnagar
Dr. S. N. Singh
Department of Physical Education
S.D. (P.G.) College, Muzaffarnagar

2. ekalisf'k;s ra= (Muscular system)
ekuo 'kjhj esa ekalisf'k;ksa dh vge Hkwfedk gksrh
gSa, D;ksdh ;g vU; Årdkas ls vyx ladqpu dh {kerk
ds dkj.k gksrk gaS, vkSj ;g ;kaf=dh dk;Z djus esa
lgk;d gksrh gaSA ;g eksVj ds :i esa dk;Z djrh
gaSA ekalis'kh gh 'kjhj dks cy o vkdkj nsrh gSA
ekuo 'kjhj esa yxHkx 600 ls 640 ekalisf'k;ka ik;h
tkrh gaSA ekalisf'k;ksa dk Hkkj 'kjhj ds Hkkj dk
yxHkx 45% gksrk gSA ekalisf'k;ksa dk ¼(25 %)
Hkkx çksVhu rFkk ¾ (75%) Hkkx ikuh dk gksrk
gSA isf'k;ksa ls lacfU/kr vè;;u dks ek;ksykWth
(Myology) dgk tkrk gSA ekalisf'k;ka vfLFk;ksa ls
tqM+h jgrh gSA blh ds dkj.k ls ekuo 'kjhj esa
lfU/k;ksa ds ekè;e ls xfr gksrh gSA ekalisf'k;ksa
ds f'kjksa dks (Tendon) dgk tkrk gSaA ekalis'kh
'kjhj ds yxHkx lHkh vaxksa esa ik;h tkrh gS] pkgs

3. ekuo 'kjhj dh ekalisf'k;ksa dks rhu izdkj ls oxhZd`r fd;k x;k gS &
1. ,sfPNd@dadkyh;@jsf[kr ek¡lis'kh (Voluntry Muscle/ Skeletal Muscle/
Straited Muscle/ Striped Muscle)
2. vuSfPNd@vjsf[kr@vUrjaxhZ ek¡lis'kh (Involuntry/ Unstriped/ Non
Straited/Smooth Muscle)
3. ân; is'kh (Cardiac Muscle)
ekuo 'kjhj dh ekalisf'k;ksa dks rhu izdkj ls oxhZd`r fd;k x;k gS &
1. ,sfPNd@dadkyh;@jsf[kr ek¡lis'kh (Voluntry Muscle/ Skeletal Muscle/
Straited Muscle/ Striped Muscle)
2. vuSfPNd@vjsf[kr@vUrjaxhZ ek¡lis'kh (Involuntry/ Unstriped/ Non
Straited/Smooth Muscle)
3. ân; is'kh (Cardiac Muscle)

4. 1. ,sfPNd@dadkyh;@jsf[kr ek¡lis'kh (Voluntry
Muscle/ Skeletal Muscle/ Straited Muscle/ Striped
Muscle)
,sfPNd ek¡lisf'k;k ekuo 'kjhj dh gfM~M;ksa ls
tqM+h jgrh gaS, blfy, bUgsa dadkyh; ekalis'kh
(Skeletal Muscle) dgrs gaSA ;g os ek¡lisf'k;ka
gksrh gaS tks euq"; dh bPNk ij dk;Z djrh gSa]
dgus dk rkRi;Z tc euq"; dh bPNk ls vkosx tSls gh
ek¡lis'kh dks feyrs gaS rHkh ek¡lis'kh esa gypy
gksus yxrh gS, blfy, bu ek¡lisf'k;ksa dks ,sfPNd
ekalsi'kh (Voluntary Muscle) dgrs gaSA 'kjhj dks
xfr iznku djus ds fy, ;g ek¡lisf'k;kW gh dk;Z djrh
gaS vkSj dk;Z djus ij ;g Fkdrh Hkh gaS] D;ksafd
bues nqX/kh; vEy (Lactic Acid) ,df=r gksus yxrk
gSA ns[kus esa bu eka¡lisf'k;ksa dh lajpuk
èkkjhnkj gksrh gSaA

5. bUgsa jsf[kr ekalis'kh (Straited/Striped Muscle)
Hkh dgk tkrk gSA gekjs 'kjhj }kjk fdlh Hkh
izdkj xfr djus ds fy, bUgha ek¡lisf'k;ksa }kjk
fØ;k dh tkrh gSaA
tSls - ckWy Qsadus ds fy, iSDVksjsfyl estj
(Pactoralis Major) eq[; :i ls dk;Z djrh gS] blfy,
ge bls Fkzksvj ely (Thrower Muscle) Hkh dgrs
gSA blh izdkj fdlh oLrq dks mBkus ds fy,
da/ks ds ikl fLFkr MsYVkW;M ekalis'kh
(Deltoid Muscle) eq[; :i ls dk;Z djrh gS] blfy,
ge bls fyQVj ely (Lifter Muscle) ds uke ls
tkurs gaSA (,sfPNd ekalis'kh dks foLrkj
ls vkxs le>k;k x;k gS)

6. 2. vuSfPNd@vjsf[kr@vUrjaxh ek¡lis'kh
(Involuntry/ Unstriped/ Non
Straited,/Smooth Muscle)
;g os ek¡lisf'k;ka gksrh gaS ftu ij O;fDr dh
bPNk dk dksbZ çHkko ugh iM+rk gSaA ;g
Lor% gh dk;Z djrh gaSA vius vki ladqfpr o
vuqf'kfFky@izlkfjr gksrh gSA gekjs 'kjhj
esa ftrus Hkh Bksl vna:uh vax ;k vUrjax
gksrs gSa os vuSfPNd ek¡lis'kh ds cus
gq;s gksrs gSaA
tSls - QsQM+s] ;d`r] Iyhgk] NksVh vkar
vkkfnA

8. (3) ân; is'kh (Cardiac Muscle)
;g isf'k;ka vkUrfjd vax ân; dk fuekZ.k djrh gaSA ;g
ân; dh isf'k;ka ân; dks pkjks rjQ ls ?ksjs jgrh
gaS] dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g dsoy ân; dh nhokjks esa
ik;h tkrh gaSA bu ek¡lisf'k;ksa dh lajpuk ,sfPNd
ek¡lis'kh dh rjg gksrh gaS, fdUrq budk dk;Z
vuSfPNd ek¡lisf'k;ksa dh rjg gksrk gS tks vius
vki ladqfpr o vuqf'kfFky gksrh gaSA bu ij bPNk
dk fu;a=.k ugh gksrkA ân; is'kh dh rhu ijrsa
gksrh gS] ckgjh ijr dks ,fidkfMZ;e (Epicardium),
chp okyh ijr ek¡lisf'k;s ijr gksrh gS ftls
ek;ksdkfMZ;e (Myocardium) rFkk vUn:uh ijr
dks ,aMksdkfMZ;e (Endocardium) dgrs gSA
,fidkfMZ;e] iSjhdkfMZ;e (Pericardium) uked rhu
ijrksa ls fey dj cuk gksrk gS] (Layers of
pericardium name) ftlds chp dh ijr ls igys lsjl

10. /kU;okn