The document discusses multiplexers, which are combinational circuits that have multiple input lines and a single output line. A multiplexer directs binary information from one of its input lines to the output line, based on the values of its selection lines. For example, a 2x1 multiplexer has two data inputs, one selection input, and one output. It connects either the first or second data input to the output depending on whether the selection input is a 0 or 1.