Here are some examples for the animation principles: 1. Anticipation: A character winding up for a punch, a baseball pitcher winding up to throw the ball, a cat crouching down before pouncing. 2. Arcs: A character swinging on a vine, a ball being thrown in an arc through the air. 6-10. 2D animation involves manipulating bitmap or vector graphics on a frame-by-frame basis. 3D animation involves digitally modeling and manipulating 3D objects and virtual worlds in a scene.

2.  Animation is the rapid display of a
sequence of static images and/or
objects to create an illusion of
movement. The most common method
of presenting animation is as a motion
picture or video program, although
there are other methods.

3.  This type of
presentation is
usually
accomplished with a
camera and a
projector or a
computer viewing
screen which can
rapidly cycle
through images in a
sequence.

4. Animation can be made with
either hand rendered art,
computer generated imagery, or
three-dimensional objects, e.g.,
puppets or clay figures, or a
combination of techniques.

5.  The position of each object in any
particular image relates to the position
of that object in the previous and
following images so that the objects
each appear to fluidly move
independently of one another. The
viewing device displays these images in
rapid succession, usually 24, 25, or 30
frames per second.

6. Computer animation
 Computer animation encompasses a
variety of techniques, the unifying
factor being that the animation is
created digitally on a computer.

7.  This animation takes less time to
produce than previous traditional
animation.
 2D animation techniques tend to focus
on image manipulation while 3D
techniques usually build virtual worlds
in which characters and objects move
and interact.

8. 2D animation
 2D animation figures
are created and/or
edited on the computer
using 2D bitmap
graphics or created and
edited using 2D vector
graphics.

9. 3D
animation
 3D animation is
digitally
modeled and
manipulated by
an animator.
The animator
starts by
creating an
external 3D
mesh to
manipulate.

11. Inbetweening
This process focuses on the need
for drawings (pictures) between
two extremes or key positions.

12. Using key points
These are useful when
changing shapes and form
between two key
drawings.

13. 12 basic principles of
Animation

14. 1. Squash and stretch
the purpose of which is to
give a sense of weight and
flexibility to drawn objects

15. 2. Anticipation
used to prepare the
audience for an action,
and to make the action
appear more realistic

16. 3. Staging
This can be done by
various means, such as
the placement of a
character in the frame,
the use of light and
shadow, and the angle
and position of the
camera

17. 4. Straight ahead action
and pose to pose
Straight ahead action" means
drawing out a scene frame by
frame from beginning to end

18. "pose to pose" involves starting
with drawing a few key frames,
and then filling in the intervals
later.

19. 5.Follow through and
overlapping action
Follow through" means that
separate parts of a body will
continue moving after the
character has stopped.

20. Overlapping action" is the
tendency for parts of the body to
move at different rates (an arm
will move on different timing of
the head and so on).

21. 6. Slow in and slow out
The movement of the human
body, and most other objects,
needs time to accelerate and slow
down.

22. 7. Arcs
This can apply to a limb
moving by rotating a joint, or
a thrown object moving along
a parabolic trajectory.

23. 7. Secondary action
gives a scene more life, and
can help to support the main
action.

24. 9.Timing
refers to the number of
drawings or frames for a
given action, which translates
to the speed of the action on
film.

25. 10. Exaggeration
an effect especially useful for
animation, as perfect imitation of
reality can look static and dull in
cartoons

26. 11. Solid drawing
taking into account forms in
three-dimensional space,
giving them volume and
weight

27. 12. Appeal
character who is appealing is
not necessarily sympathetic –
villains or monsters can also
be appealing – the important
thing is that the viewer feels
the character is real and
interesting.[

28. Sit work 1/2CW
1-3 Name 3 examples or
situations of anticipation
animation principle
4-5 Name 2 examples or
situations of arcs animation
principle
6-10 Differentiate 2D
animation and 3D Animation