Mule ESB allows for authentication of requests via various transport-specific and generic authentication methods. It also supports controlling authorization at the method level on service components. Security is pluggable via the Mule security API, allowing custom implementations. Spring Security 3.0 and Acegi provide authentication and authorization options like JAAS, LDAP, and CAS. WS-Security is a standard for applying security to web services through XML signatures, encryption headers, and binary security tokens. Mule supports WS-Security, SAML for security information exchange, and other options like encryption strategies, PGP security, and Jaas security.