This document discusses image compression and related topics. It introduces digital images and image file formats. It then covers image compression techniques like lossless and lossy compression as well as common algorithms like JPEG, RLE, and DCT. It provides examples of applying RLE compression. It also discusses sampling and quantization in image compression. Finally, it outlines algorithms for image compression and decompression using wavelet transformation and DCT.

1. Sunday, October 15, 2023 1

2.  Introduction of Digital Image
 Image Compression
 Image File Format
 Application of Image Compression
 Sampling & Quantization
 Literature Survey
 Problem Statement
 Transformation
 Algorithm
 Result Analysis
 Function Parameter
 Conclusion and Future Work
 Publications
 References
Sunday, October 15, 2023 2

3.  It is electronic representation of image.
 A image contain the number of pixels.
 Each pixel contain the information about the
colour or intensity.
 All pixel are arranged in Grid Format.
 The number of pixels-per-inch (PPI) is a good
indicator of the resolution.
 Greyscale images are normally displayed in
8-bit manner
 In digital imaging 24-bit mode which
represent true colour.
Sunday, October 15, 2023 3

4.  Reducing the size
 Encoding information more efficiently.
 Easy and fast Transmission.
 Eliminate space character
 Eliminate duplicate character
 Lossless & Lossy Compression.
 Run Length Encoding Lossless compression
 JPEG compression
Sunday, October 15, 2023 4

5.  It is very easy to implement.
 It provide a quick method of compression
data.
 Example:
Message for the compression:
AAAABBBAABBBBBCCCCCCCCDABCBAAABBBBCCCD
is replaced by
4A3BAA5B8CDABCB3A4B3CD
Sunday, October 15, 2023 5

6.  JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group).
 GIF (Graphics Interchange Format).
 BMP (Bitmap).
 PNG (Portable Network Graphics).
 TIFF (Tagged Image File Format).
 PSD (Adobe Photoshop Document).
 WEBP
Sunday, October 15, 2023 6

7.  High Definition TV.
 Satellite remote sensing.
 Fax Transmission.
 Health business for storage of medical
images.
 Passport Department.
 Driving License Department.
 Election Commission Department.
 Web Application.
Sunday, October 15, 2023 7

8.  Digitizing the coordinate values is called
sampling.
 Digitizing the amplitude values is called
quantization.
Sunday, October 15, 2023 8

9.  Sugreev Kaur et al. [4] presented a high speed and
area efficient DWT processor based design for
Image Compression applications.
 Nikolay Ponomarenko et al. [7] proposed DCT
based image compression using blocks of size
32x32 is considered.
 Zhigang Gao et al. [6] presented a quality
constrained compression algorithm based on DWT
is proposed.
 Maneesha Guptaam et al. [9] develop some simple
functions to compute the DCT and to compress
images.
Sunday, October 15, 2023 9

10.  Why there are so many algorithms and
methods for storing and transferring images
in a compressed form.
 We have done work into the principles of
images and its related areas including
compression and decompression, image
displaying and some advanced techniques
used to enhance compression ratios.
Sunday, October 15, 2023 10

11.  The Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT) is expresses a
finite sequence of data points in terms of a sum of cosine
functions oscillating at different frequencies.
Figure 1 :DCT of an image
Sunday, October 15, 2023 11

12.  The Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), which is based on
sub-band coding, is found to give up a fast computation of
Wavelet Transform.
 DWT is easy to execute and reduces the computation time
and resources mandatory.
Figure 2 : Transformation based compression
Sunday, October 15, 2023 12

13. Sunday, October 15, 2023 13
Figure 3 : First & Second level wavelets decomposition

14. Compressed Algorithms:
 Step1: Take the input image (e.g 5.bmp).
 Step2: using wavelets transformation
decomposition at second level (db6.db7,db8)
 Step 3: Find out the block 8x8 after step 2and
applied cosine transformation for each block.
 Step4: apply quantization and sampling
process for each block.
 Step5: Save the compressed image into
5_com.NIT
Sunday, October 15, 2023 14

15.  Decompressed Algorithms:
 Step 1: read the compressed image
(5_com.NIT)
 Step2: Apply de sampling and de
quantization for each block.
 Step 3: apply inverse cosine transformation.
 Step 4: then combined the block and apply
inverse wavelets transformation.
 Step 5: Save the decompressed image into
5_dcom.bmp
Sunday, October 15, 2023 15

16. Figure 4 : Image Compression tool
Sunday, October 15, 2023 16

17.  [1] Liu Chien-Chih, Hang Hsueh-Ming, "Acceleration and Implementation of
JPEG 2000 Encoder on TI DSP platform" Image Processing, 2007. ICIP 2007.
IEEE International Conference on, Vo1. 3, pp. III-329-339, 2005
 [2] H. S. Malvar, “Fast progressive image coding withoutwavelets,” in Proc.
2000 Data Compression Conf., Mar. 2000, pp. 243–252 .
 [3] Anna Saro Vijendran, Vidhya.B" A Hybrid Image Compression Technique
Using Wavelet Transformation - MFOCPN and Interpolation"Global Journal of
Computer Science and Technology Volume 11 Issue Version 1.0 March 2011
 [4] Sugreev Kaur and Rajesh Mehra, “HIGH SPEED AND AREA EFFICIENT 2D
DWTPR OCESSOR BASED IMAGE COMPRESSION Signal & Image Processing : An
International Journal(SIPIJ) Vol.1, No.2, December 2010.
 [5] Kamrul Hasan Talukder and Koichi Harada, “Discrete Wavelet Transform
for Image Compression and A Model of Parallel Image Compression Scheme
for Formal Verification”, , Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering
2007 Vol I WCE 2007, July 2 - 4, 2007, London, U.K.

18.  [6] Zhigang Gao, Yuan F. Zheng, “ Quality Constrained Compression
Using DWT Based Image Quality Metric”, Dept. of Electrical and
Computer Engineering The Ohio State University
 [7] Nikolay Ponomarenko ,Vladimir Lukin, Karen Egiazarian, Jaakko
Astola. “DCT Based High Quality Image Compression”. IEEE Trans.
Image Proc, vol. 11, pp. 1688–1693
 [8]M. Mozammel Hoque Chowdhury and Amina Khatun," Image
Compression Using Discrete Wavelet Transform",IJCSI International
Journal of Computer Science Issues, Vol. 9, Issue 4, No 1, July 2012
 [9]Maneesha Guptaan and Dr.Amit Kumar Garg,"Analysis Of Image
Compression Algorithm Using DCT",International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 Vol. 2, Issue 1, Jan-
Feb 2012,pp.515-521.

19.  [10] Yamanaka, O.; Yamaguchi, T.; Maeda, J.; Suzuki, Y.; “Image
compression using wavelet transform and vector quantization with variable
block size”, IEEE Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial
Applications (SMCia), 2008, Page: 359 – 364.
 [11]Maneesha Guptaan and Dr.Amit Kumar Garg,"Analysis Of Image
Compression Algorithm Using DCT",International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 Vol. 2, Issue 1, Jan-
Feb 2012,pp.515-521.
 [12] Syed Ali Khayam, "The Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT): Theory
and Application" Department of Electrical & Computer
Engineering,Michigan State University ,March 10th 2003.

20. THANK YOU
Sunday, October 15, 2023 20