The document discusses the internet of things (IoT) and how it connects physical devices to the internet through sensors, software and network connectivity. It provides examples of various smart IoT devices like a smart fork, water bottle, toothbrush and more. It then discusses some of the key concepts and technologies behind IoT like MQTT, a lightweight messaging protocol commonly used for IoT. It also outlines the history and growth of IoT from its origins in the late 2000s to the projected 50 billion connected devices by 2020.

1. The internet of things

3. Internet of things?

7. HAPIfork
http://www.hapi.com/products-hapifork.asp
The HAPIfork is an electronic
fork that helps you monitor
and track your eating habits.
It also alerts you with the help
of indicator lights and gentle
vibrations when you are eating
too fast.

8. MyVessyl Cup
https://www.myvessyl.com/
It can hold 13 ounces of liquid.
The battery takes 60 minutes to
fully charge and will last for 5-7
days. Also has wire-free charging.

9. Smart Tooth Brush
http://www.beamtoothbrush.com/toothbrush/
The Beam Brush is a connected
toothbrush that engages users
with their daily hygiene routine.

10. The Big Picture
LED Switch
Sensor
Display
ESPresso Lite Mobile/Website
WiFi
Cloud
MQTT

11. Smart Propane Tank
This super smart propane tank
gauge connects to an app on your
mobile device so no matter where
you are, you’ll always know when
it’s time to refuel.
http://www.quirky.com/shop/732-refuel-smart-propane-tank-gauge

12. Smart Washing Machine
Smart Aqualtis is the first Indesit
Company washing machine
designed to be integrated in
‘Smart’ ecosystems, covering a
wide range of use cases.
http://zigbee.org/Products/ByStandard/AllStandards.aspx

13. Hydroponic System
Niwa is the first fully automated
hydroponic system that attends
to all of your plants’ needs and
water them, feed them and make
sure they have optimal growing
conditions 24/7.
http://getniwa.com/

14. Smart Home Security
Canary is a complete security
system packed into a single,
device. It adapts to your home
over time and sends intelligent
notifications with HD video
directly to your smartphone.
http://canary.is/

15. Smart A/C
Aros learns from your budget,
location, schedule, and usage
to automatically maintain
the perfect temperature and
maximize savings for your home.
https://www.quirky.com/shop/752-aros-smart-window-air-conditioner

16. Swing Analyzer
Make your Zepp Sensor multi-
sport, all you need to do is
purchase additional sport specific
mounts and download the app.
http://www.zepp.com/

17. Smart Tennis Racket
Track your game with Babolat’s
breakthrough innovation. See
where you stand in the global
ranking and by category within
your online community.
http://en.babolatplay.com/

18. Smart Bike
Valour by Vanhawks gives
directions, reroutes to avoid
traffic, and tracks riding metrics.
http://www.vanhawks.com/

19. Smart Mirror
A reflective mirror with
programmable applications and
digital display for the home, office
and public environments (hotels,
hospitals, retail shops).
http://www.cybertecturemirror.com/

20. Smart Socks
Socks infused with proprietary
100% textile sensors. They are
paired with a Bluetooth Smart
cool and detachable anklet
that delivers accuracy in step
counting, speed, calories, altitude
and distance tracking.
http://store.sensoriafitness.com/

21. Smart Shirt
Monitors how your body behaves
over time, includes heart rate
recovery and breathing at rest, to
monitor improvements in health.
http://omsignal.com/

22. Smart Garbage Cans
BigBelly alerts when it needs to
be emptied so smarter collection
decisions can be made.
http://www.bigbelly.com/solutions/stations/smartbelly/

23. 2008-2009: The Internet of Things was "Born"

24. 2011: Arduino and other hardware platforms mature and make
the IoT accessible to DIY’ers taking interest in the topic.

25. Kevin Ashton
Kevin Ashton (born 1968) is a British technology
pioneer who cofounded the Auto-ID Center at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),
which created a global standard system for RFID
and other sensors. He is known for inventing the
term "the Internet of Things" to describe a system
where the Internet is connected to the physical
world via ubiquitous sensors.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Ashton

26. –Kevin Asthon
I could be wrong, but I'm fairly sure the phrase "Internet of Things" started
life as the title of a presentation I made at Procter & Gamble (P&G) in 1999.
Linking the new idea of RFID in P&G's supply chain to the then-red-hot topic
of the Internet was more than just a good way to get executive attention. It
summed up an important insight—one that 10 years later, after the
Internet of Things has become the title of everything from an article in
Scientific American to the name of a European Union conference, is still
often misunderstood.
http://www.rfidjournal.com/articles/view?4986

27. Names
• The Internet of things
• Machine to Machine (M2M) Communication
• Ubiquitous computing
• Embedded Computing
• Fog Computing
• Internet of everything (Commercial name from Cisco)

28. Revolution
• Electronic Device
• Personal Computer
• Ubiquitous computing
• Machine-to-machine Computing
• The Internet of things (IoT)

29. http://slideplayer.com/slide/8788559/

30. The internet of things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings and other items
—embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enable
these objects to collect and exchange data.[1] In 2013 the Global Standards Initiative on Internet of
Things (IoT-GSI) defined the IoT as "the infrastructure of the information society." [2] The IoT allows
objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure,[3] creating
opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, and
resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit; when IoT is augmented with
sensors and actuators, the technology becomes an instance of the more general class of cyber-
physical systems, which also encompasses technologies such as smart grids, smart homes,
intelligent transportation and smart cities. Each thing is uniquely identifiable through its
embedded computing system but is able to interoperate within the existing Internet
infrastructure. Experts estimate that the IoT will consist of almost 50 billion objects by 2020.[10]
wikipedia.com

31. The internet of things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings and other items
—embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enable
these objects to collect and exchange data.[1] In 2013 the Global Standards Initiative on Internet of
Things (IoT-GSI) defined the IoT as "the infrastructure of the information society." [2] The IoT
allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure,[3]
creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based
systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit; when IoT is
augmented with sensors and actuators, the technology becomes an instance of the more general
class of cyber-physical systems, which also encompasses technologies such as smart grids, smart
homes, intelligent transportation and smart cities. Each thing is uniquely iหdentifiable through its
embedded computing system but is able to interoperate within the existing Internet
infrastructure. Experts estimate that the IoT will consist of almost 50 billion objects by 2020.[10]

32. The internet of things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings and other items
—embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enable
these objects to collect and exchange data.[1] In 2013 the Global Standards Initiative on Internet of
Things (IoT-GSI) defined the IoT as "the infrastructure of the information society." [2] The IoT
allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure,[3]
creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based
systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit; when IoT is
augmented with sensors and actuators, the technology becomes an instance of the more general
class of cyber-physical systems, which also encompasses technologies such as smart grids, smart
homes, intelligent transportation and smart cities. Each thing is uniquely iหdentifiable through its
embedded computing system but is able to interoperate within the existing Internet
infrastructure. Experts estimate that the IoT will consist of almost 50 billion objects by 2020.[10]

33. The internet of things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings and other items
—embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity that enable
these objects to collect and exchange data.[1] In 2013 the Global Standards Initiative on Internet of
Things (IoT-GSI) defined the IoT as "the infrastructure of the information society." [2] The IoT
allows objects to be sensed and controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure,[3]
creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based
systems, and resulting in improved efficiency, accuracy and economic benefit; when IoT is
augmented with sensors and actuators, the technology becomes an instance of the more general
class of cyber-physical systems, which also encompasses technologies such as smart grids, smart
homes, intelligent transportation and smart cities. Each thing is uniquely iหdentifiable through its
embedded computing system but is able to interoperate within the existing Internet
infrastructure. Experts estimate that the IoT will consist of almost 50 billion objects by 2020.[10]

34. 2008-2009: The Internet of Things was "Born"

36. Source: Cisco - http://blogs.cisco.com/diversity/the-internet-of-things-infographic

37. The “Internet of things” elements
• Things
• Small Computer (MCU) +Sensors
• Connectivity & Communication
• Data
• Intelligence (Cloud)

38. Smart Things

39. 2012

40. 2013

46. MQTT

47. MQTT
• Lightweight message queueing and transport
protocol
• Sensor and Actuator nodes communicate with
application through the MQTT message broker

48. MQTT

51. Valid MQTT topic
• /HelloCMMC/gearname/plug001/status
• /HelloCMMC/gearname/+/status
• /HelloCMMC/gearname/#
• /HelloCMMC/+/+
• #

52. http://cmmc.io/netpie/client/

53. The Protocols

54. HTTP / MQTT / CoAP

55. HTTP: GET, POST,
PUT, DELETE

56. CoAP: GET, POST,
PUT, DELETE

57. MQTT

58. MQ-Telemetry
Transport

59. MQTT: PUBLISH,
SUBSCRIBE

60. LOW Bandwidth
HIGH Latency
UNRELIABLE
HIGH Cost
NETWORK

61. MQTT
A practical protocol for the Internet of Things
Bryan Boyd (IBM) @bryanboyd
Vehicles
Cows
Ovens
Pacemakers
Children
Smartphones

62. The Internet is (in) everything
- vehicles!
- children!
- cows!
- smartphones!
- ovens!
- pacemakers
Data source: IDC
212 BILLION
By the year 2020…
Total number of available
sensor enabled objects
30 BILLION
sensor enabled objects
connected to networks
57,000/sec
new objects connecting

63. - open open spec, standard 40+ client implementations
- lightweight minimal overhead efficient format tiny clients (kb) !
- reliable QoS for reliability on unreliable networks !
- simple 43-page spec connect + publish + subscribe
MQTT
Late 1990s Aug 2010 Nov 2011 Sep 2014
Invented Published Eclipse M2M Standard
a lightweight protocol for IoT messaging

64. MQTT bi-directional, async “push” communication
MQTT!
Broker
CONNECT to MQTT broker
SUBSCRIBE to thing3/data
CONNECT to MQTT broker
PUBLISH to thing3/data
recv
recv
pub
thing #3
thing #1
thing #2
TCP/IP
WebSocket

65. MQTT pub/sub decouples senders from receivers
MQTT!
Broker
Analytics
Mobile App
Database
car telemetry
tennis scores
sensor data
HTML5 App
Logger
group chat
publish subscribe

66. MQTT designed for minimal network traffic!
and constrained devices
PUBLISH 2-4 bytes
CONNECT 14 bytes
!
HTTP 0.1-1 KB minimal protocol exchanges
small header size
http://stephendnicholas.com/archives/1217efficient for battery life:
binary payload (not text)
MQTT has configurable keep alive
(2 byte PINGREQ / PINGRES)
small clients: 30 KB (C), 100 KB (Java)

67. bit.ly/esp8266code

68. MQTT agnostic payload for flexible delivery
MQTT!
Broker
CONNECT
0101
pub
01010100110011100
PUBLISH to thing1/myBinary
{“id”:”thing1”,”lon”:-97.135198,
”lat”:94.19384,”status”:”I’m alive!”}
PUBLISH to thing1/myJSON
data:image/png;base64,A908SFIkjdf…
PUBLISH to thing1/myPicture
{ }
pub
:-)
pub

69. MQTT retained messages for last value caching
MQTT!
Broker
CONNECT,ID=thing1
PUBLISH,thing1/battery,{“value”:95},,RETAIN,,,
PUBLISH,thing1/battery,{“value”:94},,RETAIN,,,
PUBLISH,thing1/battery,{“value”:93},,RETAIN,,,
CONNECT,ID=thing2
SUBSCRIBE,thing1/battery
RETAIN,thing1/battery,{“value”:93},PUBLISH
DISCONNECT

70. MQTT client id and cleanSession for session state
MQTT!
Broker
CONNECT,ID=thing1,,cleanSession=FALSE
SUBSCRIBE,chat/myRoom,,QoS=2,,
CONNECT,ID=thing2
DISCONNECT
PUBLISH,chat/myRoom,“Hello,Thing1!”,QoS=1,,,
1
2
PUBLISH,chat/myRoom,“Are,you,there?”,QoS=2,,,
CONNECT,ID=thing1,,cleanSession=FALSE
1 chat/myRoom,“Hello,Thing1!”,PUBLISH
chat/myRoom,“Are,you,there?”,PUBLISH
PUBLISH,chat/myRoom,“I,am,now!”,QoS=1,,,

71. MQTT last will and testament for presence
MQTT!
Broker
CONNECT,ID=thing2
SUBSCRIBE,thing1/status2
thing1/status,“Goodbye!”,PUBLISH
CONNECT,ID=thing1,LWT=thing1/status,“Bye!”
1
2
(client has network problem)
PINGREQ
PINGREQ
PINGRESP
PINGRESP
(KEEP_ALIVE seconds pass)

72. MQTT security
MQTT!
Broker
CONNECT with username / password
SSL/TLS TCP/IP
- MQTT spec doesn’t define security model aside from
username/password authorization on connection
- Brokers *can* implement support for SSL/TLS and
policies for connection and messaging
ex. organize topic space by “group”
username associated with a group
bboyd is in group “IBM” and can pub/sub IBM/bboyd/#

73. Resources
- MQTT home
- Eclipse Paho MQTT clients
- Mosquitto broker
- IBM MessageSight
- IBM IoT Foundation
- MQTT demos
- IBM Messaging Github
- IBM Redbook + PickMeUp
!
- Me!
MQTT.org
eclipse.org/paho
mosquitto.org
ibmdw.net/messaging/messagesight
internetofthings.ibmcloud.com
m2m.demos.ibm.com
github.com/ibm-messaging
github.com/ibm-messaging/mqtt-PickMeUp
!
Bryan Boyd (IBM) @bryanboyd
(coming soon)

74. WIRESHARK