The document discusses motivation and motivation theories. It explains Maslow's hierarchy of needs which arranges human needs from basic survival needs to self-actualization. It also outlines McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, which propose different views of employee motivation. Theory X assumes people dislike work while Theory Y assumes people can enjoy work. The document concludes by providing tips for motivating subordinates such as setting clear goals, providing feedback, and recognizing achievements.

1. Motivation

2. 2
Overview
 What is Motivation?
 Motivation Theories
• Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
 Tips for Motivating Subordinates

3. 3
Webster’s Definition
 MOTIVATION: an impulse,emotion, desire, or
psychological need acting as incitement to
action.

4. 4
Motivation Defined
Getting people doing what needs to be
done because they want to do it.
MOTIVATION IS INTERNAL

5. 5
Motivation Defined
Motivation Chain
Ability
Desire
Reward

6. 6
Maslow’s
Hierarchy of Needs

7. 7
MASLOW’S
HIERARCHY
OF
NEEDS
Survival
Safety
Belonging
Ego
Self-Actualization

8. 8
TIP
 A Lower Level Need Must Be Satisfied
Before the Next Higher Level Becomes
Important in Motivating Behavior.
 Only Relatively Unsatisfied Needs are
Capable of Motivating People.

9. 9
Survival
 Food
 Clothing
 Shelter

10. 10
Safety
 Physical Safety
• Safe from harm
 Psychological Safety
• Job, Retirement, Savings Accounts

11. 11
Belonging/Social
 Love
 Acceptance
 Approval
 Warmth

12. 12
Esteem/Ego
 Recognition
 Worth
 Status
 Self-Respect

13. 13
Self-Actualization
 Self-Fulfillment
 Personal Growth
 Realizing Potential

14. 14
McGregor’s
Theory X and
Theory Y

15. McGregor’s Theory X
 People, by nature, don’t like to work
 People lack ambition and must be
coerced or forced to work
 People prefer to be told what to do
 People resist change
 People are gullible and not overly
intelligent

16. 16
McGregor’s Theory X
 Hard Approach
• Coercion (usually disguised)
• Tight controls over behavior

17. 17
McGregor’s Theory X
 Soft Approach
• Satisfying People’s Demands
• Abdication of Management

18. McGregor’s Theory Y
 People may actively seek work instead
of avoid it
 People prefer participative management
 People prefer setting their own goals
 People seek responsibility

19. 19
McGregor’s Theories
 Theory X
 Management by
External Control
 Hard and Soft
Approach
 Theory Y
 Management by
Self Control
 Job Enrichment
 Participation

20. 20
Tips for Motivating
Subordinates
 Start with a goal or mission
 Make the task clear
 Match the people with the task
 Remove the roadblocks
 Give positive feedback

21. 21
Tips for Motivating
Subordinates
 Give more responsibility when
appropriate
 Let people work independently
 Recognize achievements /
contributions
 Don’t make promises you can’t keep
 Be a good role model

22. 22
Summary
 What is Motivation?
 Motivation Theories
• Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
 Tips for Motivating Subordinates