MOSAICC 2013 for website
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Presentation on FAO's integrated climate change impact assessment tool called MOSAICC (Modelling System for Agricultural Impacts of Climate Change). Info: MOSAICC@fao.org
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2) Experiments and computer modeling show that higher temperatures and changing precipitation patterns will reduce crop yields for staples like maize, wheat and rice.
3) To enhance food security, actions are needed both to adapt agricultural systems and food infrastructure to anticipated climate impacts, and to mitigate further climate change through reductions in greenhouse gas emissions across the food system.
Rural Non Farm Employment – getting the jobs done
Rural non-farm employment is an important and growing source of jobs in developing countries. It accounts for around 25% of rural employment globally. There are several policy considerations for promoting rural non-farm employment. Broad-based market oriented growth policies and investments in rural infrastructure, education, finance and technology can help facilitate rural non-farm employment. Public employment programs may also have a role to play, and different strategies are needed depending on the local context, such as a focus on smallholder agriculture in remote areas or rural enterprises in agriculturally prosperous areas. Effective policies require understanding local conditions and fostering public-private partnerships.
GLEAM-i, an interactive tool to assess GHG emissions in the livestock sector
http://www.fao.org/gleam/resources/en/
The presentation describes the Global Livestock Environmental Assessment Model interactive (GLEAM-i) tool. GLEAM-i is a user-friendly tool that can be used to support the preparation of greenhouse gas inventories, project design and evaluation, as well as analytical work on emissions. GLEAM-i is based on IPCC-Tier2 computation guidelines and benefits from the in-built GLEAM database of parameters and activity data, which can easily be adapted by the user to match specific conditions.
The model covers the main stages of production: herd management, feed and manure management. Users can modify key parameters such as fertility and mortality rates, feed ration composition of the share of each manure management system, effectively impacting emissions.
GLEAM-i was designed to support governments, project planners, scientists, producers, industry and civil society organizations working on livestock and climate change.
© FAO www.fao.org
Food Security Under Stress
1) The document discusses rising global food insecurity and the risks posed by factors like poverty, volatile food prices, financial crises, and climate change.
2) It outlines an agenda for research, investment, and action that includes promoting agricultural growth, innovating insurance systems, facilitating open trade, and expanding social protection programs.
3) Key recommendations include tripling investment in agricultural research and innovation, developing new insurance products for smallholders, keeping trade open during food shortages, and protecting vulnerable groups through cash transfers and nutrition programs.
Food Security in the 21st Century: Actions for Better Governance, Market Fun...
This document discusses challenges to global food security in the 21st century. It identifies short-term challenges like poverty, population growth, and limited resources, as well as long-term challenges such as climate change and increasing competition for land and water. Productivity growth in agriculture is declining while global demand for food and biofuels is rising. Effective governance and policy reform are needed to balance food, energy, and political security to ensure food access for all.
Climate Change and Food Security
The document discusses the challenges of climate change and ensuring global food security. It argues that agriculture must be appropriately integrated into climate change agreements to address both climate change in the context of food security and food security in the context of climate change. Climate change is projected to reduce production of key crops like rice, maize and wheat by 2050 according to the models discussed, which could significantly increase food prices and malnutrition. Investments in agricultural adaptation and mitigation totaling $7 billion annually are needed to counteract the effects of climate change.
Ifad Ifpri Climate Change
This document discusses the impacts of climate change on agriculture according to recent research. It finds that climate change will negatively affect agriculture through higher temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and increased variability and extreme weather events. This will likely reduce rainfed maize and rice yields significantly by 2050 according to models. Adaptation is essential through investments in agricultural research, infrastructure, and policies to promote resilience. Agriculture also needs to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions through practices like improved rice cultivation, cropland management, and reforestation.
Aag abstract Climate_scope
Climate Scope is a Google Earth mash-up tool developed by the Institute of Biometeorology (IBIMET CNR) to communicate the physical and social dimensions of climate change on global and local levels. The tool displays scientific climate and environmental themes available online in real-time views as well as local information from cities involved in the R.A.C.E.S EU LIFE project. Climate Scope was proposed for use in secondary school science education to present climate change as a global, current issue with different impacts. The goal is to enhance visual communication and encourage participation by allowing users to integrate climate and social data as "volunteered geographic information" producers.
Partnerships for Scaling Climate Smart Agriculture in Africa and Asia
This document discusses linking experiences with climate-smart agriculture (CSA) between Latin America, Africa, and Asia. It provides an overview of CSA and the Partnerships for Scaling CSA (P4S) project, which aims to develop frameworks for CSA planning and implementation through its CSA-Plan methodology. CSA-Plan is a multi-step guide for scaling up CSA through stakeholder engagement, capacity building, investment portfolios, programming design, monitoring and evaluation, and knowledge sharing. The document outlines tools developed under CSA-Plan, including for vulnerability and impact assessments, prioritizing practices, developing country programs, and indicators for monitoring CSA outcomes. It emphasizes the importance of partnerships across different organizations
Energy as Motor of Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination Development
This document summarizes information about reverse osmosis desalination and trends in energy consumption. It discusses how reverse osmosis works to treat brackish water and seawater, showing typical operating pressures and recovery rates. Energy consumption in desalination depends on factors like total dissolved solids, recovery rate, temperature, and membranes used. The document then charts historical energy consumption for desalination plants from the 1970s to present, showing a gradual decline. Future reductions may come from improved energy recovery devices, membranes, and pretreatment techniques. Emerging technologies like forward osmosis also have potential to significantly reduce energy use.
Asia Regional Planning Meeting-Integrated Crop Management and Climate Change ...
To assess the impacts of climatic variability on major pests of various agro-climatic zones of India.To generate strategic knowledge for climate change adaptation and mitigation for pests and diseases using field and simulation studies,to improve capacity of stakeholders & develop a framework for dissemination of climate resilient technologies related to pest and diseases.
Access to Food: Safety Nets and Hunger Solutions for the Most Needy
Strategic Meeting of WFP on
“School Feeding: Feed Minds, Change Lives”
Bellagio, Italy, July16, 2009
Improving food security in sub-Saharan Africa by reducing food losses and imp...
Improving food security in sub-Saharan Africa by reducing food losses and improving agri-food chain efficiency
There is huge potential and interest in African countries to develop their agro-food industries and reduce food losses. Interpack is in a unique position to assist African countries and African entrepreneurs to achieve this goal. What can Interpack do?
•Hold regular trade fairs in Africa to foster linkages with African companies and entrepreneurs.
•Investigate the options for collaborative ventures/research to design appropriate processing and packaging equipment for African agro-industries
©FAO/Robert van Otterdijk
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MOSAICC: An inter-disciplinary system of models to evaluate the impact of cli...
MOSAICC: An inter-disciplinary system of models to evaluate the impact of climate change on agriculture, By Francois Delobel and Oscar Rojas ,Land and Water Days in Near East & North Africa, 15-18 December 2013, Amman, Jordan
Fao modelling system for agricultural impacts of climate change
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Introduction to computer based agricultural models
This document discusses computer-based agricultural models. It defines a model as a schematic representation of a system that can be run repeatedly using input data. Modeling is the process of building a model, including its construction and workings. Simulation uses a model to study the performance of an existing or proposed system over time or space. Agricultural models include systems analysis models that consider soil-plant-atmosphere-water interactions and economic factors. They have component subsystems that can also be modeled independently. Mechanistic process models depict the mechanisms behind processes like photosynthesis. Operational models can answer questions related to field operations. Crop weather modeling includes statistical simulation models and dynamic simulation models.
R 12013(crop weather modeling)
These slides are about how crop and weather are interlinked an d how their association can be an impressive tools in the hands of the creative minds of the scientific world.
Core Training Presentations- 6 IMPACT Data-Model Philosophy
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Global Futures & Strategic Foresight (GFSF) program enhances and uses a coordinated suite of biophysical and socioeconomic models to assess potential returns to investments in new agricultural technologies and policies. These models include IFPRI’s International Model for Policy Analysis of Agricultural Commodities and Trade (IMPACT), hydrology and water supply-demand models, and the DSSAT suite of process-based crop models.
The program also provides tools and trainings to scientists and policy makers to undertake similar assessments.
GFSF program is a Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) program led by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)Prof Graeme Dandy at the Landscape Science Cluster Seminar, May 2009
Professor Graeme Dandy from the University of Adelaide presenting on Optimisation of Water Management at the Landscape Science Cluster Seminar, May 2009
DAPA on World climate teach-in day
This document discusses the implications of climate change on agriculture and small farmers' livelihoods. Crop prediction models are used to estimate the impact of climate change on the suitability of various crops. Results are then translated to analyze the effects on livelihoods using socioeconomic indicators and econometric models. Participatory workshops are recommended to identify best practices and adaptation strategies. While some crops may lose suitability, climate change also brings new opportunities. Adaptation requires site-specific management and preparing for change.
Applications of Aqua crop Model for Improved Field Management Strategies and ...
Applications of Aqua crop Model for Improved Field Management Strategies and ...CrimsonpublishersMCDA
To quantify, integrate and assess the impacts from weather and climate change/variability on crop growth and productivity, crop models have been used for several years as decision support tools in the world. This paper is reviewed to assess applications of Aqua crop model as a decision support tool for simulating and validating crop management practices and climate change adaptation strategies. This model is devised by the FAO irrigation and drainage team. This model is very important especially, to guide as a decision support tool for dry land areas where soil moisture is very critical to affect crop productivity. It maintains the balance between simplicity, accuracy and robustness. The model has been calibrated and validated to simulate growth and productivity of crops, soil moisture balance, water use efficiency, evapo-transpiration and climate change impact assessment in different climate, management (water, fertilizer, sowing date, spacing etc.) practices around the world, especially in areas where soil moisture stress prevails. Maize, wheat, barley, tee, sorghum, pulse crops such as groundnut, soybean, vegetables (tomato, cabbage) have been tested using this model. The model comprehensively uses stress coefficients (water stress, fertilizer and temperature coefficients) to compute the effect of the factors on crop canopy, dry matter, stomatal closure, flowering, pollination and harvest index build up.
https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/fulltext/MCDA.000558.php
For more open access journals in Crimson Publishers please click on link: https://crimsonpublishers.com
For more articles on International Journal of Agronomy please click on below link: https://crimsonpublishers.com/mcda/
Applications of dssat charles
DSSAT is a software application program used for decision support in agrotechnology. It allows users to conduct virtual simulation experiments to evaluate the effects of soil, climate, crop phenotypes, and management options on crop production. DSSAT integrates crop models, soil and weather databases to simulate and predict multi-year crop yields based on different management strategies. It also allows users to compare simulated results to observed field data.
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Simulation Models for Long-Term Scenario Analysis
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July 29-330-Mike Kucera
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Crop Modeling - Types of crop growth models in agriculture
Crop weather modeling involves using computer programs to simulate crop growth and development based on soil characteristics, weather conditions, and crop management practices. There are different types of crop models including statistical, mechanistic, deterministic, and stochastic models. Models can be used for applications like optimizing fertilizer use, crop yield forecasting, evaluating climate change impacts, and identifying management practices to minimize weather risks and yield gaps. Crop weather modeling provides useful insights for agricultural management and planning.
CROP SIMULATION MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN CROP PRODUCTION.pptx
CROP SIMULATION MODELS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN CROP PRODUCTION
Crop growth is a very complex phenomenon and a product of a series of complicated interactions of soil, plant and weather.
Crop growth simulation is a relatively recent technique that facilitates quantitative understanding of the effects of these factors and agronomic management factors on crop growth and productivity.
These models are quantitative description of the mechanisms and processes that result in growth of crop. The processes could be physiological, physical and chemical processes of crop.
MAJOR & POPULAR CROP SIMULATION MODELS:
DSSAT (Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer)
Aqua Crop
Info Crop
APSIM (Agricultural Production System Simulator
Incorporating weather, soil, plant and other
This document discusses incorporating weather, soil, plant, and other environmental parameters as inputs into crop growth models. It provides an overview of different types of crop models and the key input data they require, including weather, soil, crop, management, and pest data. The document also discusses how remote sensing data can be incorporated into models by using time series variables like leaf area index derived from remote sensing as model inputs. Several case studies are presented on integrating remote sensing with different crop models to improve yield predictions at regional scales.
CLEWS Country - Presentation .pptx
The CLEWS modeling approach uses an integrated assessment model to quantify the interactions between climate, energy, land use, water, and greenhouse gas emissions. It combines separate climate, energy, land use, and water models and allows the user to choose the system boundaries, level of detail, and geographical coverage. The approach quantifies resource flows and tradeoffs between sectors to inform long-term sustainable development policies.
Modelling
This document discusses using an integrated decision support system (IDSS) to model dryland agricultural systems across multiple dimensions. The IDSS allows modeling of production, environmental, economic, and social aspects individually and together. It can help plan interventions, evaluate outcomes, and identify synergies across different scales. The document describes applying the IDSS to a dryland systems project in Ethiopia to assess technology innovations and their impacts on yields, incomes, nutrition, and other factors. Stakeholders like government agencies and CGIAR centers could use the IDSS to inform investments and policies supporting sustainable dryland farming.
Identifying and closing global yield gaps in canola. A view from Australia
"Enhancing Global Collaborations in Crop Science" GPC Symposium on 4th Nov. 2018 , CSSA/ASA Annual meeting In Baltimore USA.
Julianne Lilley CSIRO Agriculture and Food Australia. Identifying and closing global yield gaps in canola. A view from Australia
Crop modelling.pptx
Crop models can be used to estimate crop yield and its variability under different climate scenarios, account for nitrogen use efficiency, and help inform agricultural management decisions. The document discusses different types of crop models and provides examples of some models that have been successfully used in agrometeorology, including for rice, wheat, maize, sugarcane, and potato crops. It also outlines some limitations and advantages of using crop models.
The CCAFS Regional Agricultural Forecasting Tool Box (CRAFT)
The CCAFS Regional Agricultural Forecasting Toolbox (CRAFT) is a software platform that supports within-season crop forecasting through crop simulation modeling and incorporation of seasonal climate forecasts. It allows users to manage spatial data, run the DSSAT crop model, integrate seasonal climate predictions, perform spatial aggregation and probabilistic analysis, and visualize outputs. CRAFT is being developed by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) to provide decision support for adaptation planning related to climate risks and opportunities in agriculture.
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“Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” a Presentation...
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Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software Fuzzing
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Ocean lotus Threat actors project by John Sitima 2024 (1).pptx
Ocean Lotus cyber threat actors represent a sophisticated, persistent, and politically motivated group that poses a significant risk to organizations and individuals in the Southeast Asian region. Their continuous evolution and adaptability underscore the need for robust cybersecurity measures and international cooperation to identify and mitigate the threats posed by such advanced persistent threat groups.
CAKE: Sharing Slices of Confidential Data on Blockchain
Presented at the CAiSE 2024 Forum, Intelligent Information Systems, June 6th, Limassol, Cyprus.
Synopsis: Cooperative information systems typically involve various entities in a collaborative process within a distributed environment. Blockchain technology offers a mechanism for automating such processes, even when only partial trust exists among participants. The data stored on the blockchain is replicated across all nodes in the network, ensuring accessibility to all participants. While this aspect facilitates traceability, integrity, and persistence, it poses challenges for adopting public blockchains in enterprise settings due to confidentiality issues. In this paper, we present a software tool named Control Access via Key Encryption (CAKE), designed to ensure data confidentiality in scenarios involving public blockchains. After outlining its core components and functionalities, we showcase the application of CAKE in the context of a real-world cyber-security project within the logistics domain.
Paper: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61000-4_16
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- 1. MOSAICC: An inter-disciplinary system of models to evaluate the impact of climate change on agriculture FAO NRC Environmental Sustainability and Climate Change Adaptation Team (2013)
- 2. MOSAICC Modelling System for Agricultural Impacts of Climate Change 4 disciplines (climate, hydrology, crops, economics) 1 database 1 server 1 set of interfaces
- 3. MOSAICC The aim of MOSAICC is to assess the impacts of climate change on agriculture through simulations - Based on GCM outputs - Combining inter-disciplinary models - Used in a spatially explicit way - In a perspective of decision support at national level (Capacity development)
- 5. Models • Data Access and Downscaling (DAD) Portal: statistical downscaling portal for climate scenarios from ENSEMBLES • AQUACROP: FAO water-driven crop yield model • WABAL: FAO crop specific water balance model • STREAM: DEM-based precipitation-runoff model • CGE: Computable General Equilibrium model • Other utilities: interpolation, potential evapotranspiration, cropping season, etc.
- 6. Advantages • Participatory approach • Remote access • Nothing to install (web browser) • Easy data exchange • Low computing time • No data format or unit conversion • Data tracking down the flow
- 7. Advantages • Replicability/ study comparison • Modularity and substitution • Maintenance needed but no licensing cost MOSAICC v1.0 to be released beginning of 2014.
- 8. Partners Mauro Evangelisti Servizi Informatici Numerical Ecology of Aquatic Systems AgroMetShell