Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are online courses aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the Internet. MOOCs deliver course materials through videos, readings, and interactive problems. They provide flexibility in learning and raise the level of competition for traditional schools. While MOOCs can be affordable and accessible anywhere, anytime, they also see less campus attendance and issues with reliability. Pros include low costs and wide subject offerings, while cons include lack of interaction and difficulties for those without reliable Internet access. MOOCs were created at the University of Edinburgh and have impacted how courses are structured and delivered while being an alternative approach to pedagogy.