This document discusses different types of sensors used in monitoring and data logging systems. It describes sensors that can measure temperature, pressure, humidity, light, sound, and other physical variables. These sensors continuously detect and record data over time, which is then typically converted to digital format and collected by a computer. The collected sensor data has various applications, including weather monitoring, medical monitoring of patients, pollution monitoring, and scientific experiments.

2. It is the usage of the computers or microprocessor – based
devices to monitor or measure physical variables over a
period of time.
a device or arrangement for
observing, detecting, or
recording the operation of a
machine or system, especially
an automatic control system.
the extent, dimensions,
quantity, etc., of something,
ascertained especially by
comparison with a standard

5. In this section you should know
what type of sensors you will be
using , to check out the various
physical variables :
• Temperature
• Pressure
• Humidity
• Moisture
• Light
• Sound
• Blood pressure
• Ph scale ( acidity )
Temperature sensor
Humidity sensor
Ph sensor Sound sensor
Pressure sensor
Moisture sensorLight
sensor

6. Sensors , are input devices
used to input data about the
physical changes in the
environment , that has been
monitored / detected.
* You should know that
monitoring and measuring
systems are not like control
systems.

7. The computer is continually monitoring the
sensors , in this case the sensors are sending
the data continually . This data is in the form of
analogue type , thus , it will be converted to
digital data , through …..
ADC “ ANALOGUE – TO –
DIGITAL CONVERTER.
Which as a result the interface box is biult , and
the sensor is plugged to it , and both are plugged
to the computer.

8. Output on a printer or speakers if the output is sound.
• Measuring software
• Data logging software.
• The systems in total are called data logging
systems.

9. Monitoring systems are highly used in hospitals. The
monitor is attached to the patient , and then attached to
the computer .
• Pulse rate
• Rate of breathing
• Blood pressure
• Body temperature
• Amount of oxygen in the blood.
Each patient is having its own monitor , which is
connected to the main display monitor for the nurses.
In these monitors various ranges are given , and if
the range of the patient is below or above those
ranges , the alarm will start ringing.

10. The monitors are used in this field , through
which the computers are used to collect data
only :
• Wind speed , using the rotor to generate
pulses , proportional to the wind speed.
• Wind direction , using angel sensor.
• Temperature , using temperature sensor
• Barometric pressure , using pressure
sensor
• Rainfall , using tipping mechanism
• Humidity , humidity sensor
• Sunshine , light sensor.
Data is collected in the database , or in
spreadsheet. It helps in observing global
warming , and forecast the weather.

11. Climate is measured over a very long period
of time. The collected data will be plotted in a
graph for different variables over a period of
time.

12. This is used to warn the public , or
authorities of a very high level of
pollutants. Noise levels are monitored,
and river monitored :
• Ph of the river
• Temperature of the stream
• Dissolved oxygen
• Turbidity and water levels.

13. There are many scientific experiments take place ,
with the presence of the monitors, espicially the
chemical experiments , which last for few seconds or
over a long period of time. Using sensors provide :
• More accuracy
• Enables automatic or immediate processes.
The data collected from the experiment , will be in the
spreadsheet , to make graphs , so it can be imported
into word – processing or desktop – publishing
software for the inclusion in the txt report in the
findings.