The document summarizes the key characteristics of the 13 original colonies divided into three regions - New England, Middle, and Southern colonies. It describes the religion, economy, and forms of government that developed in each region. It also discusses the triangular slave trade, the Great Awakening religious revival, and how Enlightenment thinking influenced the development of colonial governments.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2. The Colonist Regions
New England
● Rhode Island
● Massachusetts
● New Hampshire
● Connecticut
Middle Colonist
● New Jersey
● New York
● Pennsylvania
● Delaware
Southern Colonist
● Virgina
● Georgia
● Maryland
● North Carolina
● South Carolina
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3. New England Colonist
Religion: Pilgrims came to New England
to search for religious freedom. They had been
persecuted by the church in England of their
practice of dissenting. The Puritans were very
strict in religious discipline. Rhode Island is
where everyone enjoyed religious freedom.
Economy: Largely subsistence farming and
fishing communities, these things are tied into
mercantilism. The people of new england made their
own cloths. They grew much of their own food. Boston,
in the colony of Massachusetts, was the major New
England port. Shipbuilding was important on this region
because of their large, easily navigated ports.
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Government:Religion and government was tired
together. People in New England would all come together to
vote at the town hall, which was the center of the
government.”The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut was the
first constitution that gave people voting rights.”
4. Middle colonist
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Religion: Quakers was in Pennsylvania,
Huguenots was in the French protestants,
Jews was in New York and Presbyterians was
in New Jersey. Basically the middle colonist
was very diverse when it came down to
religion. Quakers are a religious group that are
totally opposed to war and violence,
Government:The middle
colonist was the most democratic colonial
region.”The Middle Colonies, now
Delaware, New York, New Jersey and
Pennsylvania, were originally proprietary
colonies governed by landowners.”
“The middle colonies were the most
socially,politically and economically diverse.”
Economy: The middle colonies were part
agriculture and part industrial. Pennsylvania and
New York wheat and other grains grew on these
farms Factories in Pennsylvania produced paper
and textiles and factories in Maryland produced
iron.
5. Southern Colonist
Religion: The southern colonists
were a mixture of Baptists and Anglicans.
The Virginia colonist were Anglicans and if
your religion wasn’t Anglicans such as
Puritans, Quakers and others had to leave
the colony.
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Economy: The Southern Colonist
were entirely agricultural. The main
feature was the plantation. Cash crops,
“crops grown in order to make great sums
of money.” These cash crops, such as
corn, rice, tobacco and indigo, was sold to
buyers in England and other places in
America.
Government: Representative
Government. The House of Burgesses met in
1619. It was Virgina first government.
6. The Triangular Trades
What is a Triangular Trade:”a
multilateral system of trading in which a country
pays for its imports from one country by its
exports to another.”
Effects:
Europe: Killed many indigenous people, new
European diseases, created companies to regulate trade
and explored african coast. Africa:
population stagnant, exchange weapons for slaves,
communities became violent and some africans became
merchant princes. America:
Imported slaves and equipment, kept importing slaves in
large numbers, racism was born and informal econmy is
created.
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AM/maxresdefault.jpg
7. The Great Awakening
What is the Great Awakening: “an evangelical
and revitalization movement that swept Protestant
Europe and British America, and especially the
American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a
permanent impact on American Protestantism.”
Effects: The thirteen colonies were too far from town
centers to attend churches and religious gathering, so
religious revivals develop throughout the colonist
communities. People comes from miles to learn and
hear a preacher's address the bible.
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8. Enlightenment thinking on the development of the colonial governments
in each region.
Effect: The Enlightenment period also sprouted the
idea that education and reason could improve human
life. The enlightenment thinkers called for freedoms for
individuals, governments of the people, and freedom of
the religious beliefs. The enlightenment thinkers in this
period began the belief that people could think on their
own and could also answer questions on their own.The
Enlightenment period made governments whom had
goals were to end noble privileges and to limit the king's
powers with separation of powers, checks and balances,
and created the freedom of speech and religion.
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