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Module 4 information_attributes
Information can be defined as an ordered sequence of symbols that can be interpreted as a message. Data refers to raw facts, while information is organized data that provides additional value and helps with decision making. For data to be useful, it must be processed and organized in a meaningful way. Key aspects of planning for decision making in business include having relevant, timely, accurate, and complete information.
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Module 4 information_attributes
- 1. INFORMATION - WHAT ISINFORMATION? - ATTRIBUTES OF INFORMATION
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- 3. DEFINITION Ordered sequence ofsymbols that can be interpreted as a message. Information can be recorded as signs, or transmitted as signals. Information is any kind of event that affects the state of a dynamic system.
- 4. DATA OR INFORMATION??? PROCESSING DATA DECISIONMAKING INFORMATION ACTION
- 5. Data Management Without dataand the ability to process it, an organization could not successfully complete most business activities Data consists of raw facts For data to be transformed into useful information, it must first be organized in a meaningful way
- 6. The Hierarchy ofData • Bit (a binary digit): a circuit that is either on or off Byte: eight bits • Character: basic building block of information • – – Each byte represents a character Can be an uppercase letter (A) , lowercase letter (a) , numeric digit (1) , or special symbol (@/+)
- 7. • Field: typically aname, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object or activity Record: a collection of related data fields File: a collection of related records • Database: a collection of integrated and related files. • •
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- 9. BASIC CONCEPTS Data: rawfacts. E.g. Alphanumeric, image, audio, and video Information: collection of facts organized in a way that can have additional value.
- 10. Value of Information?? Itis directly linked to how it helps decision makers achieve their organization’s OBJECTIVES and can be MEASURED: - in time required to make a decision - Increased profits to the company
- 11. Information Spectrum Data processing Information Information intelligence Knowledge Knowledge experience Wisdom
- 12. What do youthink? In five minutes, draw on the board as many signs, symbols and signals as you remember. Now observe the images and try to determine if they are part of DATA or INFORMATION
- 13. EVIDENCE 1 ICT -Data and Information We talk about Information - the "I" in ICT. But… What is information? How does it differ from "data"? And what kind of information does a business require? Read the article Data and Information and answer the following questions in the answer format
- 14. Questionnaire 1. . Writeyour definition of DATA vs INFORMATION 2. What do you need to do in order to transform data into information? 3. What is the key aspect for planning for decisiónmaking in business? 4. Mention 3 examples for the decision-making categories. 5. What data and information are meaningful for your project?
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- 16. 11 Attributes ofInformation Usability Relevant Simple Flexible Economical Delivery Timely Accessible Quality • • • • Accurate Verifiable Complete Reliable Secure
- 17. Accuracy vs. Reliability Accuracy – true, free from error Precision – refers to the level of accuracy 1/3 = 1.333 is accurate 1/3 = 1.333333 is more precise Reliability – in IS, it refers to how often information is accurate. An information source could be error free but might not work all the time.
- 18. Weather Forecasting What doyou think? Are weather-people: A. reliable, B. accurate, C. both, or D. neither?
- 19. Accurate vs. Reliable 1.Weatherman A can predict tomorrow´s temperature to the exact degree (C°) - but only 40% of the time, the other 60% he cannot interpret the raw* data. 2. Weatherman B can predict tomorrow´s temperature but it may be off by 5 degrees - His system works 95% of the time Who is more accurate? Who is more reliable? *Raw: Not processed
- 20. EVIDENCE 2 Can youguess??.. What attributes are described? Respond in the answer format. 1. My calculator always does multiplication correctly in never makes an error. My calculator is __________ . 2. However, I dropped it in the sink and sometimes it doesn´t turn on. So, my calculation is not _________
- 21. 3. I putthe reports on the website so everyone can access them. This makes the reports more ________. 4. The reports are PDF files which cannot be modified easily, so we also provide the data in standard XML format which can be converted to any other format. The XML format is more ___________.
- 22. 5. Teacher: Mystudent evaluation report includes 23 answers from all 31 students. It´s hard for me to tell if my students are good or bad, because the data is not__________. 6. The student evaluation report includes only my average score, which is very _______ and easy to interpret, but I’d like all the data.
- 23. THIS IS THEEND OF THIS MODULE. INFORMATION Go to next module: Information Systems