Modelling Proximal Space in Urban Cellular Automata

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Modelling Proximal Space in Urban Cellular Automata Ivan Blečić, Arnaldo Cecchini, Giuseppe A. Trunfio - Department of Architecture, Planning and Design, University of Sassari, Alghero

Technology Design

Modelling Proximal Space in Urban Cellular Automata Ivan Blecic, Arnaldo Cecchini and Giuseppe A. Trunfio Department of Architecture and Planning - University of Sassari, Palazzo Pou Salit, Piazza Duomo 6, 07041 Alghero, Italy

Two “sources” of spatial interaction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Proximity and cellular automata Typical CA neighbourhood Used in land use modelling Map of cells’ distance from the street network

Proximity and cellular automata ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Proximity and cellular automata ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Modelling accessibility-type proximity ,[object Object],[object Object],Receiver cell   Sender cell R C I U Ro Rw RwS R (Residential) 100 100 100 100 50 N/A 5 C (Commercial) 100 100 100 50 N/A 5 I (Industrial) 100 100 50 N/A 5 U (Undeveloped) 150 50 N/A 5 Ro (Road) 20 N/A 5 Rw (Railway) 5 5 RwS (Railway station) 5

Informational fields generation phase Land-use dynamics phase ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Neighbourhood effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Land use Signal type R C I R vicinity -0.3 (1) 0 (2) -1.5 (3) accessibility 0 (4) 1 (5) 0.5 (6) C vicinity 0 (7) -0.3 (8) -1 (9) accessibility 1 (10) 0 (11) 0.5 (12) I vicinity -1.5 (13) -1 (14) 0 (15) accessibility 0.5 (16) 0.5 (17) 0.2 (18)

Transition rule “ A cell of the land use k is transformed into the land use j , iff N j is the highest of all the cell’s transitions potentials, provided that N j - N k > i k: .” (i k can be thought of as a kind of inertia of the current land use, a minimum difference threshold for a cell to be transformed into another land use.)

Example runs Parameters Wave model Classical model Signal intensity at origin (  max ) 1000 1000 Cell-to-cell decay of vicinity signal 100 100 Cell-to-cell decay of accessibility signal As per Table 1 (depends on land uses) 30 (independent on land uses) Dynamic land uses interaction ( b tj ) As per Table 2. As per Table 2. Direct influence of roads and railway stations on dynamic land-use potentials? No:the influence is indirect , because roads and railway stations are used only to propagate dynamic land-use signals Yes, the intensity of the signal from the most accessible road (if present) and the most accessible railway station (if present) are used in the computation of dynamic land-use potentials with following b tj : j= R j= C j= I t= Road 200 200 200 t =Rw. station 50 50 50 Residential inertia (I k=res. ) 60.000 120.000 Commercial inertia (I k=com. ) 40.000 90.000 Industrial inertia (I k=. ) 40.000 90.000 Global growth trends: (land uses added at each CA step) 40 residential 40 commercial 40 industrial 40 residential 40 commercial 40 industrial

SLEUTH model has been developed by its author, Keith Clarke, as general model, suitable for all kinds of urban growth, in order to define a sort of DNA of urban systems (constituted by particular sets of model parameters). To be really general, we think that this model has to fit two general aspects: the urban sprawl and the rank-size rule. We present an evaluation of Sleuth model through European case studies, showing the calibrated set of parameters which fit each city we have analysed, and showing how this model can predict urban growth and in particular the dynamic process of the sprawl, through the output maps of the Sleuth software. Moreover it’s possible to apply this model not only at single cities, but also to a wide territory (due to scale invariance), in order to predict the evolution of a system of cities; to do this we considered an ideal territory, built by ourselves, respecting the rank-size rule, evaluating the ability of the model to fit this aspect. We will present also the sensitivity analysis conducted on the 5 parameters of the model (see below), in order to establish how these parameters influence the growth of urbanized areas. The goal is a contribution for the ambitious Project Gigalopolis, investigating the meaning of the parameters of the model, and the common aspects among different type of urbanized areas, in order to build a “DNA of city” through the analysis of the outgoings produced by Sleuth.

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The paper deals with the study based on the comparative analysis of radio propagation models for mobile cellular wireless communication of global system for mobile at frequencies 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz, respectively. The path loss propagation models are vital tool for planning the wireless network as well as designed to predict path loss in a meticulous environment. Various propagation models: Free-space model, CCIR (ITU-R) model, Hata model, Ericson model, and Stanford University Interim (SUI) model have been studied and examined through analytically from the base station (BS) to mobile station (MS) and vice versa followed by respective simulation performance evaluation by using Matlab simulator. The observed data is collected at the operating frequency of 0.9 GHz from various environments (high density region and low density region) using the spectrum analyzer and path loss comparison is shown for different model.

AN ANALYTICAL ANALYSIS OF PATH LOSS MODELS FOR MOBILE CELLULAR WIRELESS COMMU...

IJCI JOURNAL

The paper deals with the study based on the comparative analysis of radio propagation models for mobile cellular wireless communication of global system for mobile at frequencies 0.9 GHz and 1.8 GHz, respectively. The path loss propagation models are vital tool for planning the wireless network as well as designed to predict path loss in a meticulous environment. Various propagation models: Free-space model, CCIR (ITU-R) model, Hata model, Ericson model, and Stanford University Interim (SUI) model have been studied and examined through analytically from the base station (BS) to mobile station (MS) and vice versa followed by respective simulation performance evaluation by using Matlab simulator. The observed data is collected at the operating frequency of 0.9 GHz from various environments (high density region and low density region) using the spectrum analyzer and path loss comparison is shown for different model.

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Performance Analysis of CIR and Path Loss Propagation Models in the Downlink ...

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This paper analyses the Carrier to Interference Ratio CIR and path Loss PL variation in downlink 3G FDD-UMTS mobile system. The evaluation was taken in urban, suburban and rural environments. Also, frequency band of 2110 Hz is used in this work. The received CIR analysis is based on comparative study of seven Path Loss propagation models COST- 231 Hata, COST-231 WIM Walfisch-Ikegami Model , SUI Stanford University Interim , FSM Free Space Model , PSM Standard propagation model , Ecricsson and ECC33 Electronic Communication Committee . Simulation results show that SUI and SPM models showed the lowest Path Loss for all environments. Also, we can show that received CIR is affected not only by the geometry of the UMTS base station location but also by the number of users presented in each cell. Mohamed Bechir DADI "Performance Analysis of CIR and Path Loss Propagation Models in the Downlink of 3G Systems" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-2 , February 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd21497.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/21497/performance-analysis-of-cir-and-path-loss-propagation-models-in-the-downlink-of-3g-systems/mohamed-bechir-dadi

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Performance evaluation with a

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At this present scenario, the demand of the system capacity is very high in wireless network. MIMO technology is used from the last decade to provide this requirement for wireless network antenna technology. MIMO channels are mostly used for advanced antenna array technology. But it is most important to control the error rate with enhanced system capacity in MIMO for present-day progressive wireless communication. This paper explores the frame error rate with respect to different path gain of MIMO channel. This work has been done in different fading scenario and produces a comparative analysis of MIMO on the basis of those fading models in various conditions. Here, it is to be considered that modulation technique as QPSK to observe these comparative evaluations for different Doppler frequencies. From the comparative analysis, minimum amount of frame error rate is viewed for Rician distribution at LOS path Doppler shift of 0 Hz. At last, this work is concluded with a comparative bit error rate study on the basis of singular parameters at different SNR levels to produce the system performance for uncoded QPSK modulation.

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