Mobile effects

1. Effect of Cellular System on the Environment and
Society
Name: Sherif Hesham – 20181161
Mina Nan – 20180220
Islam Mohamed - 20181151

2. Introduction
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Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), also
referred to by IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers)
standards as 802.3, is the currently used Ethernet multiple access
protocol. It uses carrier-sensing to hold transmissions until no other
stations are transmitting. The node detects a free channel, the frame is
sent. If another frame is detected on the channel during transmission
the collision detection element takes over. The first node that detects a
collision aborts frame transmission and begins transmitting a jam
signal instead and then waits for a random time interval before trying
to resend the frame.

3. Contents
• Introduction
• References
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4. Conclusion
W. Al-Hanafy 4
The CSMA/CDNQ algorithm may appear complicated, but in fact is
simply a modified version of the CSMA/CD protocol that is currently in
use by the Ethernet. My research indicates weakness in the CSMA/CD
protocol that my CSMA/CDNQ resolves. A prototype may be developed
in the future to test and examine the CSMA/CDNQ under different
network situations to get an accurate analysis of the benefits and
performance statistics of the protocol.