This document contains several summaries of biological concepts in short rhyming phrases or acronyms to help with memorization. It includes summaries of: - The G protein coupling for different receptor types - Functions of the Golgi complex - Causes of metabolic acidosis with normal anion gap - Sites of various metabolic reactions - The action and stoichiometry of the sodium-potassium pump - A hallmark of Tangier's disease - The four phases of cell division

1. Miscellaneous
G protein type for respective receptors
“KISS and KICK till you’re SICK of SEX” (QISS and QIQ till you’re SIQ of SQS):
This gives the G-protein type (Gq, Gi, or Gs) for all the receptors. Receptors are in alphabetical
order:
 alpha1=Q
 alpha2=I
 beta1=S
 beta3=S
 M1=Q
 M2=I
 M3=Q
 D1=S
 D2=I
 H1=Q
 H2=S
 V1=Q
 V2=S
Golgi complex: functions
“Golgi Distributes A SPAM“:
 Distributes proteins and lipids from ER
 Add mannose onto specific lysosome proteins
 Sulfation of sugars and slected tyrosine
 Proteoglycan assembly
 Add O-oligosugars to serine and threnonine
 Modify N-ologosugars on asparagine
Metabolic acidosis (normal anion-gap): causes
With hyperkalemia: RAISE K+:
 RTA type 4
 Aldosterone or mineralocorticord deficiency
 Iatrogenic: NH4Cl, HCl

2.  “Stenosis”: obstructive uropathy
 Early uremia
With hypokalemia: ReDUCE K+:
 Renal TA type 1 and 2
 Diarrhoea
 Urine diversion into gut
 Carbonate anhydrase inhibitor
 Ex-hyperventilation
Metabolism sites
“Use both arms to HUG“:
 Heme synthesis
 Urea cycle
 Gluconeogenesis
These reactions occur in both cytoplasm and mitochondria.
Na/K pump action
(Sing loudly to the chorus of “Kiss Him Goodbye”):
“Na, Na, Na — out! Na, Na, Na — out! K, Kgoes…inside!”
Action of pump is 3 Na out and 2 K in
Na/K pump: concentrations of Na vs. K on inside/outside of cell, pump action, number of
molecules moved
HIKIN‘:
There is a HIgh K concentration INside the cell.
From this can deduce that the Na/K pump pumps K into cell and Na out of cell.

3. Alternatively: When I was learning this pump (circa 1992), a band that was “in” was Kris Kross,
and a band that was “out” was “Sha Na Na Na“:
So pump moves K K (2 K) in and Na Na Na (3 Na) out.
Sadly, as infectious as their debut album was, Kris Kross can really no longer be classed as “in”.
Na+/K+ pump: movement of ions and quantity
K+ and in each consist of 2 characters, so so 2 K+ are pumped in.
Na+ and out each consist of 3 characters, so 3 Na+ are pumped out.
Tangier’s disease: hallmark
“Tangierene tonsils”:
Hallmark is large orange tonsils.
Important clinical note: there is no increased risk of atherosclerosis, just like eating tangerenes.
Cell division
“People Meet And Talk.”
 Prophase
 Metaphase
 Anaphase
 Telophase