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Mitochondria1
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. They contain a double membrane, with the inner membrane folded into cristae that contain enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes. They are thought to have originated from symbiotic bacteria and play a key role in cellular respiration by harnessing energy from the oxidation of pyruvate and fatty acids to produce ATP.
Mitochondria1
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. They contain a double membrane, with the inner membrane folded into cristae that contain enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes. They are believed to have originated from symbiotic bacteria and play a key role in cellular respiration by harnessing energy from the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats to produce ATP.
Mitochondria1
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. They have an outer membrane and inner membrane, with the inner membrane forming infoldings called cristae. Mitochondria contain their own DNA and ribosomes and can replicate independently of the cell. They play a key role in cellular respiration by producing ATP from the oxidation of pyruvate and the citric acid cycle.
Mitochondria By KK Sahu Sir
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
HISTORY
DISTRIBUTION
Shape
Size
Number
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
FUNCTION OF MITOCHONDRIA
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Filamentous or granular cytoplasmic organelle
Contain about 70 enzymes and co enzymes.
Function: Oxidation, phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation and are respiratory centers of the cell.
Also called “power house of the cell
Also forms spiral in developing sperm
around the axial filament in middle
part of the sperm
Mitochondria regarding rbcs
Mitochondria are organelles found in cells that produce 90% of the cell's energy through aerobic respiration. They have an outer and inner membrane and contain DNA and enzymes. In red blood cells, immature RBCs contain mitochondria and produce energy aerobically through respiration. However, in mature RBCs the nucleus and mitochondria degenerate, so the cells produce energy anaerobically through lactic acid fermentation without oxygen.
MITOCHONDRIA AND RIBOSOME
This document provides information about mitochondria and ribosomes. It discusses the structure, composition, and functions of mitochondria and ribosomes. Some key points:
- Mitochondria are organelles found in the cytoplasm that generate energy through oxidative phosphorylation. They have an outer and inner membrane and contain enzymes for cellular respiration.
- Ribosomes are subcellular particles found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes that facilitate protein synthesis. They consist of RNA and protein subunits.
- Both mitochondria and ribosomes play essential roles in cellular metabolism and protein production. Mitochondria generate energy through respiration while ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins.
Mitochondrial Genome.pptx
Dr.S.KARTHIKUMAR
Associate Professor
Department of Biotechnology
Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K.Vellakulam-625701, TN, India
Email: skarthikumar@gmail.com
Mitochondria p pt.
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of cells. They generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also contain their own DNA and ribosomes and are able to replicate independently of the cell. They vary in size and shape depending on the cell type but typically have an outer membrane, intermembrane space, inner membrane with cristae folds, and matrix interior.
Recommended
Mitochondria1
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. They contain a double membrane, with the inner membrane folded into cristae that contain enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes. They are thought to have originated from symbiotic bacteria and play a key role in cellular respiration by harnessing energy from the oxidation of pyruvate and fatty acids to produce ATP.
Mitochondria1
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. They contain a double membrane, with the inner membrane folded into cristae that contain enzymes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes. They are believed to have originated from symbiotic bacteria and play a key role in cellular respiration by harnessing energy from the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats to produce ATP.
Mitochondria1
Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. They have an outer membrane and inner membrane, with the inner membrane forming infoldings called cristae. Mitochondria contain their own DNA and ribosomes and can replicate independently of the cell. They play a key role in cellular respiration by producing ATP from the oxidation of pyruvate and the citric acid cycle.
Mitochondria By KK Sahu Sir
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
HISTORY
DISTRIBUTION
Shape
Size
Number
ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIA
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
FUNCTION OF MITOCHONDRIA
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
Filamentous or granular cytoplasmic organelle
Contain about 70 enzymes and co enzymes.
Function: Oxidation, phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation and are respiratory centers of the cell.
Also called “power house of the cell
Also forms spiral in developing sperm
around the axial filament in middle
part of the sperm
Mitochondria regarding rbcs
Mitochondria are organelles found in cells that produce 90% of the cell's energy through aerobic respiration. They have an outer and inner membrane and contain DNA and enzymes. In red blood cells, immature RBCs contain mitochondria and produce energy aerobically through respiration. However, in mature RBCs the nucleus and mitochondria degenerate, so the cells produce energy anaerobically through lactic acid fermentation without oxygen.
MITOCHONDRIA AND RIBOSOME
This document provides information about mitochondria and ribosomes. It discusses the structure, composition, and functions of mitochondria and ribosomes. Some key points:
- Mitochondria are organelles found in the cytoplasm that generate energy through oxidative phosphorylation. They have an outer and inner membrane and contain enzymes for cellular respiration.
- Ribosomes are subcellular particles found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes that facilitate protein synthesis. They consist of RNA and protein subunits.
- Both mitochondria and ribosomes play essential roles in cellular metabolism and protein production. Mitochondria generate energy through respiration while ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins.
Mitochondrial Genome.pptx
Dr.S.KARTHIKUMAR
Associate Professor
Department of Biotechnology
Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, K.Vellakulam-625701, TN, India
Email: skarthikumar@gmail.com
Mitochondria p pt.
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of cells. They generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondria also contain their own DNA and ribosomes and are able to replicate independently of the cell. They vary in size and shape depending on the cell type but typically have an outer membrane, intermembrane space, inner membrane with cristae folds, and matrix interior.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular), known as the power house of the cell that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Mitochondria generates most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), by a process called
“oxidative phosphorylation”.
Mitochondria : Powerhouse of the Cell
Exploring the Powerhouse of the Cell: Mitochondria Unveiled
This PowerPoint presentation is tailored for Bachelor of Science students, offering a comprehensive exploration of mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses. Covering fundamental concepts such as structure, function, and cellular respiration, the presentation delves into the pivotal role mitochondria play in energy production. Additionally, it discusses the evolutionary origins, dynamic nature, and the intricate interplay between mitochondria and other cellular components. With engaging visuals and concise explanations, this presentation aims to provide a solid foundation for students to comprehend the significance of mitochondria in cellular biology.
1. Cell and macromolecules 2.pdf
The document discusses the history and components of cells. It describes how Hooke first observed cells in 1665 and others later discovered key internal structures like the nucleus. The cell theory developed from their combined work and states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and new cells only arise from preexisting cells. The document then examines the structures and functions of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, including their internal organelles. It provides examples of plant and animal cells and compares their differences.
Cell - structure and functions
Includes all the basic concepts about cell - morphology, prokaryotic vs eukaryotic, cell organelles and its functions, methods of division and commonly encountered anomalies.
Mitochondria.pptx
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles found in eukaryotic cells that produce energy through cellular respiration. They contain their own circular DNA and reproduce through binary fission like bacteria. The widely accepted endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria originated from engulfed aerobic prokaryotes that developed a symbiotic relationship with the host cell. Mitochondria have an outer and inner membrane, as well as cristae and matrix. They play essential roles in cellular respiration to generate ATP as well as other functions like calcium storage and apoptosis. Manipulating the mitochondrial genome could provide advantages for crop improvement by enabling maternal inheritance of transgenes to reduce gene escape.
cell biology.pptx
CELL STRUCTURE, CELL ORGANELLES, CELL FUNCTIONS.
BRIEF IDEA ABOUT CELL STRUCTURE, CELL ORGANELLES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS, COMPARTMENTALIZATION INSIDE CELL
Cell membrane and transport mechanisms
The cell membrane regulates the movement of materials into and out of cells through passive and active transport mechanisms. Passive transport, including simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion, moves molecules down their concentration gradients without requiring energy. Active transport uses transmembrane proteins like ion pumps and transporters to move molecules against their gradients, requiring energy in the form of ATP. Large molecules and particles are transported into and out of cells through endocytosis and exocytosis. The fluid mosaic model describes the structure of the cell membrane as a phospholipid bilayer with integral and peripheral membrane proteins that allow it to perform its functions of protection, selective permeability, and transport.
Eukaryotic Cell Structure and Function.pptx
Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. They contain membrane-bound organelles and have a cytoskeleton that provides structure and aids transport. Key organelles include the nucleus, which houses genetic material, and mitochondria, which generate energy. The endomembrane system includes the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, and facilitates protein transport and modification. Other structures are chloroplasts for photosynthesis and cilia or flagella for motility. Eukaryotic cells have a more complex organization than prokaryotes and can perform more specialized processes and functions.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are found in eukaryotic cells and are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They have a double membrane structure, with an outer membrane that is permeable and an inner membrane that folds inwards in cristae formations. In the cristae are found F1 particles or oxysomes that are involved in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP synthesis. The number of mitochondria in a cell depends on the activity level of the cell. Mitochondria perform important functions such as ATP production through the Krebs cycle, electron transport, and duplication.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are organelles found in most eukaryotic cells that are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell. They have an outer and inner membrane and are the site of aerobic respiration where glucose and oxygen are used to generate ATP through cellular respiration. Mitochondria contain their own DNA and ribosomes and have a folded inner membrane with cristae that increases surface area for enzymes involved in ATP synthesis. They transform energy from food sources into ATP that cells can use for work.
mitochondria.pptx
Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). They contain their own DNA and ribosomes. The inner membrane forms folds called cristae that increase its surface area and house protein complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. This process uses energy released from oxidation of nutrients to produce ATP. Mitochondria were first observed in the 1880s and their role in cellular respiration was established in the mid-20th century through studies of their structure and biochemical properties.
Multifunctional enzymes
Multifunctional enzymes contain two or more distinct catalytic activities located on a single polypeptide chain. Fatty acid synthase is a multifunctional enzyme that synthesizes fatty acids through seven distinct enzymatic activities on two polypeptide chains. DNA polymerase is another multifunctional enzyme that synthesizes DNA and proofreads for errors through its polymerase and exonuclease activities.
Multifunctional enzymes
Multifunctional enzymes contain two or more distinct catalytic activities located in a single polypeptide chain. Fatty acid synthase is a multifunctional enzyme that synthesizes fatty acids through seven distinct enzymatic activities located on three functional domains. DNA polymerase is another multifunctional enzyme that synthesizes DNA and proofreads for errors through its polymerase and exonuclease activities.
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Cell organelles
This document summarizes a seminar on cell organelles presented by Dr. Simi M. The seminar covered the major cell organelles including the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and ribosomes. It described the structure and functions of each organelle, highlighting their roles in processes like protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, cellular respiration, waste disposal, and more. The history of the discovery of each organelle was also briefly outlined.
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There are two main types of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. All cells have three main parts - a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. Animal cells contain additional structures like mitochondria, the Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum. Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts. Cells specialize to perform specific functions like photosynthesis in leaf cells, absorbing water and minerals in root hair cells, and movement via tails in sperm cells. Cells combine to form tissues, organs, and organ systems that work together in the body.
Cells
There are two main types of cells: eukaryotic and prokaryotic. All cells have three main parts - a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus. Animal cells contain additional structures like mitochondria, the Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum. Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts. Cells specialize to perform specific functions like photosynthesis in leaf cells, absorbing water and minerals in root hair cells, and movement via tails in sperm cells. Cells combine to form tissues, organs, and organ systems that work together in the body.
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This document provides an overview of cell structure and organization. It begins with an introduction to the two main types of cells - prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It then describes several of the main organelles found within eukaryotic cells and their functions, including the plasma membrane, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts in plant cells. The key components and roles of these organelles are summarized.
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Eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than prokaryotic cells. They contain membrane-bound organelles and have a cytoskeleton that provides structure and aids transport. Key organelles include the nucleus, which houses genetic material, and mitochondria, which generate energy. The endomembrane system includes the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes, and facilitates protein transport and modification. Other structures are chloroplasts for photosynthesis and cilia or flagella for motility. Eukaryotic cells have a more complex organization than prokaryotes and can perform more specialized processes and functions.
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Mitochondria
Mitochondria are organelles found in most eukaryotic cells that are known as the "powerhouses" of the cell. They have an outer and inner membrane and are the site of aerobic respiration where glucose and oxygen are used to generate ATP through cellular respiration. Mitochondria contain their own DNA and ribosomes and have a folded inner membrane with cristae that increases surface area for enzymes involved in ATP synthesis. They transform energy from food sources into ATP that cells can use for work.
mitochondria.pptx
Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles found in eukaryotic cells that generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). They contain their own DNA and ribosomes. The inner membrane forms folds called cristae that increase its surface area and house protein complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. This process uses energy released from oxidation of nutrients to produce ATP. Mitochondria were first observed in the 1880s and their role in cellular respiration was established in the mid-20th century through studies of their structure and biochemical properties.
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Multifunctional enzymes
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This document summarizes a seminar on cell organelles presented by Dr. Simi M. The seminar covered the major cell organelles including the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and ribosomes. It described the structure and functions of each organelle, highlighting their roles in processes like protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, cellular respiration, waste disposal, and more. The history of the discovery of each organelle was also briefly outlined.
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hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skillsBob Reedy - Nitrate in Texas Groundwater.pdf
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business Meeting
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
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Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero Water
Sharlene Leurig - Enabling Onsite Water Use with Net Zero WaterTexas Alliance of Groundwater Districts
Presented at June 6-7 Texas Alliance of Groundwater Districts Business MeetingDescribing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.Shallowest Oil Discovery of Turkiye.pptx
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MITOCHONDRIA.ppsx
- 1. MITOCHONDRIA THE POWER HOUSE OF CELL DR. SANDHYA ASSOCIATE PROF. BOTANY
- 2. INTRODUCTION • First observed- Kollikar 1850 • 1894- Altman- Bioblast • 1898- Carl Benda- Mitochondria • 1904- Friedrich Meves- plants (Nymphaea alba) • Respiratory organelle 2
- 3. STRUCTURE 3
- 4. COMPOSITION MEMBRANE 65-70% Proteins 25-30 % Lipids (lecithin and cephalin) Inner membrane – rich in Cardiolipin, highly impermeable ENZYMES Outer membrane- monoamine oxidase, cytochrome reductase Outer chamber- adenylate kinase, DNAase I Inner membrane- Enz. ETC & oxidative phosphorylation, cytochrome oxidase Matrix- Enz. Krebs cycle, β-oxidation, malate dehydrogenase 4
- 5. MITOCHONDRIA- A Semi-Autonomous Organelle • Synthesize proteins- DNA & Ribosome • DNA- • Double stranded, circular • More than one copy may be present • Replication- under nuclear control • Compared to nuclear DNA- mt DNA has • More GC pairs • Shorter • Circular • Devoid of histones 5
- 8. 8
- 9. 9
- 10. 10
- 11. 11
- 12. 12
- 13. 13 β-OXIDATION
- 14. HEAT PRODUCTION • Glucose- oxidized- energy- a part of it is lost as heat to regulate body temperature in warm blooded animals • In hibernating species- brown fat (high conc. of mitochondria)- important in temperature regulation • Mitochondria in brown fat catalyzes electron transport but are less efficient at producing ATP 14