mitochondria definition history structure function

1. Topic:
MITOCHONDRIA
From:
 Mahmood
 Mehboob
 Ishfaq
TO:
Dr.Tanveer Ahmad

3.  Mitochondria derives from two Greek words:
 Mitos” meaning thread” and “chondros meaning
Granule”
 The discovery of mitochondria came in 1886 when
Richard Altman ,a cytologist, identified the organelles
by dye technique and dubbed them as ‘bioblasts.he
postulated the structures were the basic units of
cellular activity
 Carl Benda in 1898 give out the term of mitochondria.

4.  Definition
 Mitochondria is a important
organelle within eukaryotic cell that
produce ATP the main energy
molecule used by cell this is reason
behind mitochondria is called
“powerhouse of cell”

5.  Mitochondria is consist of
 Protein 65 to 70% (breakdown sugars and
produce cellular energy in the form of ATP)
 Lipids 25 t0 30%
 RNA 0.5%(provides instructions for making
molecule)
 DNA(present in small amount)
 The presence of ribosomes and DNA indicate the
some protein present in them.it is called self
replicating organelle

6.  The mitochondria is a bounded by two membrane
,the outer membrane and inner membrane.
 The outer membrane is smooth while inner
membrane forms infolding into inner chamber called
mitochondrial matrix .
 These infold are called Cristae.
 Under compound microscope they appeared as
vesicle, rods or filaments.
Mitochondria are ovoid bodies having a
diameter between 0.5 to 1.0um and length of
mitochondria is 10um.

7. Under electron microscope they show complex
morpholgy,altough their number, shapes and internal
structure very widely .

9.  The inner surface of the cristae towards the
mitochondrial matrix with a large number of
knob or globular structure, such globular
particle are called Racker particle which have
been identified as F1 particle.

10.  The important function of mitochondria is
breakdown food into small particle and
provide energy to the cell in the form of
ATP.
 Mitochondrial matrix contain a large
number of enzyme, organic and inorganic
salts which help in Krebs cycle and
aerobic respiration.

11.  It is involved in the manufacture and
supply energy to the cell.
 The mitochondria perform important
function such as oxidation ,dehydration
,oxidative phosphorylation.

12.  During biological oxidation of
carbohydrates and fats large amount
of energy is released which is
utilized by the mitochondria for
synthesis of energy rich compound
known as ATP.