Minimalism rejects elements like symbolism, narrative, history, and self-expression, focusing instead on reducing art to its basic geometric forms and solid colors. It opposed the complexity of abstract expressionism, aiming to present only what was literally there without hidden meanings. Minimalist art is characterized by precise shapes, repetitive patterns, solid colors, and an emphasis on the materials themselves over personal expression. While some saw it as too simplistic, minimalism influenced artists like Frank Stella and Ellsworth Kelly to create geometric and three-dimensional works based on everyday objects and spaces.

1. Minimalism Reena Kaur Sophie Khan

2. What is it? Rejects the need for social comment, self-expressions narrative, or any other allusion to history, politics or religion Reduces work to the smallest number

3. “ We are freeing ourselves of the impediments of memory, association, nostalgia, legend, myth, ….” -Newman No symbolism No intention for the viewer to perceive anything different than is actually there. Rejected: Intellectual complexity Aesthetic objects Values

4. HISTORY OPPOSED ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM. Proposed superseding of the European abstraction of the past. (Such as Mandrian or Albers) Post Dada and Pop Art attitude. indifferent to any content and basically opposed to any aesthetic intent.

5. Characteristics Precise Hard-edged Geometric forms Repetitive patterns Solid planes of color Cool hues Unmixed colors Mathematically composed Neutral surfaces No theme No set composition Literal Simple No personal expression Necessary elements Clean/finished lines Equality of parts Industrial materials LESS IS MORE

9. CR I TIC I SM *Unapproachable *Barron *Misunderstanding of modern art

11. Artists

12. “ No art is any good unless you can feel how it's put together. By and large it's the eye, the hand and if it's any good, you feel the body. Most of the best stuff seems to be a complete gesture, the totality of the artist's body; you can really lean on it ” -Frank Stella

13. Born May 12th, 1936 Studied painting at Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. Later attended Princeton University and majored in History. Influenced by: Abstract expressionism of Jackson Pollock and Franz Kline and his visits to New York art galleries

14. --Geometric curvilinear shapes -vivid and harmonious colors -Parallel angular stripes to emphasize the -rectangular shape of his large canvases. -Flatter surfaces -Straight or curved lines -Three dimensional -Wider range of colors -Arcs -Variety of colors

17. Ellsworth Kelly “ Everywhere I looked, everything I saw, became something to be made, and it had to be made exactly as it was, with nothing added.”

18. Inspired while at an art museum in Paris, the Musee d’Art Modern. “ I noticed that the large windows between the paintings interested me more than the art exhibited.” Ended his traditional painting career.

19. His source of work is the world of actuality, of things. Abstract but at the same time they are based on things seen in the everyday world.

20. In order to understand, the viewer must make an effort to see as Kelly does. “ the forms and colors of the panels are in usual conversation with each other.”

21. PAINT ON FLAT SURFACE-> 3D “ Actual space is intrinsically more powerful and specific than paint on a flat surface. Obviously, anything in 3D can be any shape, regular or irregular, and can have any relation to the wall, floor, ceiling, room, rooms, or exterior or none at all. -Donald Judd

22. Keith Sonnier Famous for light installments Neon lights - Color that bathes or fills its immediate surroundings in a natural way.

23. Untitled, 1965 - Donald Judd

24. Lifestyle Architecture Sculptures Music Communication

25. ARICHITECTURE PRINCIPAL: Sort out highest priority requirements & do the least you possibly can to achieve them DECISIONS: Maintaining system integrity- having, or being conceived of as having, a single unified overall design form, or structure Cross-cutting concerns or system properties guide Constrain imposing best ideas and lessons learned on designers and developers

26. CONTROL: Unique vantage point solve problems in a way not available to component designers and implementers Changes your surroundings to a sophisticated look. ACCOMPLISHMENT: Well-designed interfaces Greater anatomy of the whole picture Depth and meaning of the vision