This document discusses minerals, their properties, and how they are identified. It defines minerals as natural occurring solids formed from elements or compounds in the Earth's crust. Minerals can be identified by their physical properties like color, streak, luster and hardness. All minerals are made of crystals, which are solids with atoms arranged in distinct patterns. Minerals also exhibit cleavage, where they break apart smoothly, or fracture, where the break is uneven.

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