This document discusses the concepts of science and the scientific method through the example of an early experiment on scurvy. It summarizes: 1) The experiment was conducted in 1747 aboard a ship to test potential cures for scurvy. Six treatments were tested on paired crew members through a controlled experiment. 2) The results showed that those given citrus fruits recovered dramatically, with one returning to duty in 6 days, while the other treatments provided little improvement. This established citrus fruits as superior for treating scurvy. 3) The experiment followed the scientific method - identifying a problem, researching possible solutions, developing a hypothesis, making observations, analyzing results, and reaching a conclusion.