- Laser stands for "Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation". It operates by converting electrical energy into light energy and then thermal energy through stimulated emission. - Laser machining has several advantages over traditional thermal removal processes, including high accuracy, speed, ability to cut complex shapes and small parts, easy automation, and high production rates. It can machine both metal and non-metal workpieces. - The main types of industrial lasers are CO2 lasers, which operate at 10.6μm and are suitable for cutting metals, and Nd:YAG lasers, which operate at a wavelength where metals absorb more strongly and are better for metal processing. A wide variety of