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Metadata reuse on Wikidata
This document discusses how universities can leverage Wikidata and other Wikimedia projects to share research outputs openly and at scale. Key points include: - Wikidata is a knowledge graph that connects identifiers from different systems and can be queried to answer questions and build data visualizations. - Universities are increasingly emphasizing open research and ensuring outputs can be freely reused and redistributed. Wikimedia provides infrastructure to easily distribute research and assets with clear provenance. - Tools like QuickStatements and Scholia can help universities improve Wikidata by adding links to research repositories and tagging outputs with topics. This benefits activities like literature reviews. - Examples are given of projects at Leeds University using Wikidata to describe special
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Metadata reuse on Wikidata
- 1. Metadata reuse on Wikidata NickSheppard Open Research Advisor Leeds University Library n.sheppard@leeds.ac.uk @OpenResLeeds
- 2. • Wikipedia • Justone of 16 interconnected projects • Wikimedia Commons • repository of openly licensed media files • photographs, diagrams, video, audio • Wikidata • fastest growing Wikimedia project • structured data • read / edited by human or machine Wikimedia ecosystem Wikimedia, screenshot of Wikimedia project icons, https://www.wikimedia.org/
- 3. • Knowledge graph •Represents knowledge through connections between things • Connects identifiers from disparate systems • Wikidata query (SPARQL) • answer questions • build data visualisations • Places of residence for accused witches https://witches.is.ed.ac.uk/ • Wikipedia articles of people whose doctoral theses are available full-text in WREO - https://w.wiki/BPY Wikidata The data in Wikidata is published under the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication 1.0, …You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission. Charlie Kritschmar, “Datamodel in Wikidata,” https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Datamodel_in_Wikidat a.svg
- 4. • Increasing emphasisin universities • Ensuring research outputs freely available to reuse/redistribute • Largely drive by ‘replicability crisis’ • Impact of research and its broader contribution to society • Citizen science Open research Wikimedia = open infrastructure that easily enables research outputs, media, digital assets to be distributed at scale with clear provenance and © linked back to institutional systems via persistent identifiers
- 5. • Manage itlocally to share it globally: RDM and Wikimedia Commons (2018) • Data Management Engagement award - Cambridge University, SPARC Europe, Jisc • link RDM with the open science movement via the Wikimedia suite of tools • Wikimedian in Residence • Edinburgh • Coventry • Oxford (Bodleian) Wikimedia in Universities ‘Universities really can’t afford not to have a Wikimedian in Residence these days. It still surprises me how few do.’ Melissa Highton, Director of Learning, Teaching and Web Services, University of Edinburgh
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- 9. • Significant useof Wikidata is for citation data • Potential to semi-automate literature reviews • Scholia • individual researchers’ profiles • papers relating to a given topic, published in a particular venue or originating with researchers at a given institution • highlight collaborations or other links • Climate change (Q125928) • COVID-19 pandemic (Q81068910) Scholia Universities can improve Scholia by adding repository links to the Wikidata records for published papers and tagging with appropriate topics
- 10. • White RoseResearch Online – 19341 records in Wikidata • White Rose Etheses Online - 3083 records in Wikidata • Research Data Leeds (Q60536391) http://archive.researchdata.leeds.ac.uk/ • 239 linked records • Individual records of desertion from the British Army 1807-1815 (Q91013347) • Special Collections – https://library.leeds.ac.uk/special- collections/collection/ • “archives at” statements • Library archives of British writers • Bedford Cataloguing Project to add dataset to Wikidata Repositories at Leeds You can copy, modify, distribute and perform the data, even for commercial purposes, without asking for permission.
- 11. • A toolto batch edit wikidata https://quickstatements.toolforge.org/#/ • Import from csv • Export and format from repository (or DataCite?) • Will need some figuring out… Quickstatements Ovine annulus fibrosus interlamellar material model calibration data set (Q100412985)
- 12. • Poulter, Martin,and Nick Sheppard. 2020. “Wikimedia and Universities: Contributing to the Global Commons in the Age of Disinformation”. Insights 33 (1): 14. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.509 • “ARL White Paper on Wikidata: Opportunities and Recommendations,” Association of Research Libraries, April 18, 2019, https://www.arl.org/resources/arl- whitepaper-on-wikidata/ • How to use QuickStatements - a tool to bulk upload data onto Wikidata https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ql7gC91eWss Thank you
Editor's Notes
- #3 Wikipedia is just one of 16 interconnected projects that are also linked to a wider ecosystem of sites and apps. Wikimedia Commons is a repository of openly licensed media files including photographs, diagrams, video and audio. Wikisource is a free library of out-of-copyright texts, while Wikiversity and Wikibooks encourage collaborative creation of open educational resources (OERs). The fastest growing Wikimedia project is Wikidata, a store of structured data that can be read and edited by humans or machines. 1 billion edits August 2019,
- #4 The DataCite datafile will be made available under a CC0 license https://tinyurl.com/y9cd2ot7 A research paper has an author who has a nationality, a name and date of birth; they graduated from a particular university, which in turn has a geographic location, a vice-chancellor, other notable alumni, and so on. As with Wikipedia, Wikidata is not meant as a platform for original research; all information must already have been published by a reliable source. Wikidata is a single site with contributors in hundreds of languages = a hub connecting identifiers from thousands of disparate systems that can be queried, using the database query language SPARQL An unusual aspect of Wikidata is that it does not aim for consistency. Where a fact is contested in the scholarly literature – multiple possible birth years for a historical figure, for instance – it can hold each contradictory statement and link to its source reference. So, a query could return statements from just one type of source, for example papers published in peer-reviewed journals from the last decade. SCHOLIA One significant use of Wikidata is for citation data. A SPARQL query can generate a list of the most cited authors on climate change, or generate a timeline of papers about the 2019–20 Coronavirus outbreak. The Wikidata entry for a paper can describe its copyright status and provide multiple links including preprints, making it easier to find an OA version. Wikidata differs from a purely bibliographic database in that researchers and their publications are described on the same platform as the things – people, places, genes, species, compounds – that the papers are about. A claim that a pharmaceutical is effective for a given disease in a given species can be linked to papers that establish that statement. As these data become more complete, literature reviews can be semi-automated, saving time. One application that explores this data set is Scholia – more in a minute
- #5 There is increasing emphasis on open research practices in universities, focused on ensuring research outputs are freely available to reuse and redistribute. Agenda is driven largely by the replicability crisis, it also contributes to the impact of research and its broader contribution to society enables other organizations and the public to actively engage in knowledge production through collaboration and contribution of their own expertise, for example through citizen science projects. Wikimedia taps directly into this movement through its open infrastructure that easily enables research outputs, media and other digital assets to be distributed at scale with clear provenance and copyright information that can be linked back to institutional systems via persistent identifiers (PIDs) such as DOIs.
- #6 Research Data Leeds, 750 records (approx.) Low traffic / reuse
- #10 researchers and their publications described on the same platform as the things – people, places, genes, species, compounds – that papers are about A SPARQL query can generate a list of the most cited authors on climate change, or generate a timeline of papers about the 2019–20 Coronavirus outbreak. The Wikidata entry for a paper can describe its copyright status and provide multiple links including preprints, making it easier to find an OA version. Universities can improve Scholia by adding repository links to the Wikidata records for published papers and tagging with appropriate topics. Where publishers have added data with ‘author name strings’, links can be added to authority files such as ORCID. Author profiles can be improved with the addition of profile links (ORCID, ResearchGate, Google Scholar, Twitter, etc.). While platforms like Elsevier’s Scopus or ResearchGate also collect this type of information, Scholia is distinctive in that the data are free and open and not monetized in any way. In 2019 the Sloan Foundation announced half a million dollars of funding to further develop the platform. A 2019 report by the Association of Research Libraries recommends Wikidata as an authority hub, a platform for community outreach and for representation of diverse communities beyond the Western canon. The Library of Congress now makes Wikidata links visible in its authority file and VIAF, the Virtual International Authority File, also harvests information from Wikidata. Gradually, the site is becoming a hub connecting thousands of other databases and knowledge systems.
- #11 the DataCite datafile will be made available under a CC0 license