Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that maintain life processes in living organisms. It converts food into energy and allows for growth. Metabolism has two main parts: anabolism, which builds complex substances from simple ones, and catabolism, which breaks down complex substances into simpler ones. The basic metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate at which the body consumes energy at rest. Factors that affect BMR include body size, gender, age, fever, hormonal imbalances, weight, anxiety, and tension. The resting metabolic rate (RMR) is measured with a subject sitting comfortably for hours after eating without activity and is slightly higher than BMR due to additional energy needs for growth,

1. METABOLISM, BMR, RMR
BY – NIHARIKA VERMA

2. METABOLISM
• A set of all chemical reactions occurs in living organism to maintain
normal process of life is called Metabolism.
• It is a process that change food into energy and then grow.
• It is divided into two parts, works stimulant
- Anabolism – building up of complex substances from simple
substance/ simple substances converted into complex substances.
Example- Nutrition- building of muscles
- Catabolism – they breaks complex substances into simple
substance/ complex substances converted into simple substances.
Example- excretion
(During metabolism protein converted into amino acid, carbohydrates
converted into glucose and lipids converted into fatty acids).

3. • IN WEIGHT GAIN CONDITION-
- Slow metabolism
- Anabolism increase
- Catabolism decreases
• IN WEIGHT LOSS CONDITION-
- Metabolism fast
- Catabolism increase
- Anabolism decrease

4. BMR (BASIC METABOLIC RATE)
• A human body is when on rest and the rate of consuming
energy at rest level is called BMR
• Factors affect BMR-
- Body size- Gender - Male has more BMR , Female has less
BMR
- Age
- Fever- Produce heat, no proper diet, weakness
- Hormonal Imbalance- Thyroid hormone, insulin diabetes,
astringe, PCOC, PCOD, Also affect BMR.
Overweight- weight is 10% more than normal weight according
to height and age.
Underweight- weight is more than 20-50% than normal weight
according to height and age.
- Anxiety, Tension- energy take=energy output

5. RMR (RESTING METABOLIC RATE)
• It is measured with the subject (person) in a
sitting position in a comfortable environment for
several hours after a meal and without any
important activity.
• RMR is slightly higher than BMR.
• Additional energy is required for the following
conditions-
1. Growth
2. Pregnancy
3. Lactation