Mentors are responsible for: 1) providing technical guidance, 2) reviewing code contributions, 3) ensuring delivery of tasks, and 4) meeting regularly with mentees. Effective mentoring includes: orienting new hires, providing initial minor tasks, reviewing work, testing deployments, explaining processes, and assessing understanding and motivation over time. Regular check-ins help mentors address challenges, provide support respectfully, and ensure mentees feel connected to the work.