Time management-Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...
Time management - Berliners
Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...
Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...
Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...
Liberating Structures 2 with blended f2f/online participation at #sfaddisEuforic Services
Slides used to support an experimental session at the May 2015 AgKnowledge Innovation Process ShareFair in Addis Ababa. We were introducing some examples of LiberatingStructures methods and testing out different options for remote participation
Liberating Structures 2 with blended f2f/online participation at #sfaddisEuforic Services
Slides used to support an experimental session at the May 2015 AgKnowledge Innovation Process ShareFair in Addis Ababa. We were introducing some examples of LiberatingStructures methods and testing out different options for remote participation
Amplify Your Effectiveness with The Five-Minute CoachPortia Tung
And what would you like to have happen?
Join us in this fun and interactive workshop to practice The Five-Minute Coach approach, one of the most effective and efficient ways to improve individual and group performance. You'll get a chance to help others clarify their outcomes and become more motivated to achieve them as well as do the same for yourself.
The Five-Minute Coach developed by Lynne Cooper and Mariette Castellino isn't only a lean and powerful performance improvement tool, it's also a practical introduction to the principles and use of Clean Language.
Objectives:
- Learn about the 5 stages of The Five-Minute Coach
- Gain practical coaching experience in applying the approach
- Receive coaching on a problem/outcome of your choice
Transform your technical workshop with these teaching tipsJamie Wittenberg
I presented this workshop at Major League Hacking's conference, Hackcon VI, in August of 2018. These are really great tips for anyone interested in improving they way the teach technical workshops!
You‘re not the Boss of me! - Influence without Authority through Lateral Lead...Tim Herbig
These are slides from two talks I gave at Product Tank Zurich and Product Tank Karlsruhe during fall 2018. Learn more about lateral leadership and how to apply it in your everyday life of working within cross-functional Agile teams in my book 'Lateral Leadership: A Practical Guide for Agile Product Managers': https://herbig.blog/book
Studies show that giving and receiving criticism is one of the most difficult interpersonal skills. Being able to accept and give criticism that is focused on the behaviour and not the person is a key ingredient for success. This session covers several strategies and techniques to build confidence to separate emotion from the situation of receiving or giving constructive criticism.
Area of Expertise: Designing Learning
Designing Learning Definition: Designing, creating and developing learning interventions to maximize the learning experience and impact
Workplace Application: Designed ILT course for government employees
Audience: 3000 judicial employees
Results: Improved efficiencies in process workflows
How to Perfect Your Time-Based Productivity - HRMATT Conference 2015Francis Wade
Audio available at http://goo.gl/CSRB9E
Time management is a misnomer as time cannot actually be managed. What are managed every day are "time demands" and in this presentation I show the 5 ways in which project team members manage the demands on their time. Human Resource professionals are uniquely situated to help employees improve their productivity by focusing on the handful of behaviors that make the biggest difference in an employee's productivity.
Amplify Your Effectiveness with The Five-Minute CoachPortia Tung
And what would you like to have happen?
Join us in this fun and interactive workshop to practice The Five-Minute Coach approach, one of the most effective and efficient ways to improve individual and group performance. You'll get a chance to help others clarify their outcomes and become more motivated to achieve them as well as do the same for yourself.
The Five-Minute Coach developed by Lynne Cooper and Mariette Castellino isn't only a lean and powerful performance improvement tool, it's also a practical introduction to the principles and use of Clean Language.
Objectives:
- Learn about the 5 stages of The Five-Minute Coach
- Gain practical coaching experience in applying the approach
- Receive coaching on a problem/outcome of your choice
Transform your technical workshop with these teaching tipsJamie Wittenberg
I presented this workshop at Major League Hacking's conference, Hackcon VI, in August of 2018. These are really great tips for anyone interested in improving they way the teach technical workshops!
You‘re not the Boss of me! - Influence without Authority through Lateral Lead...Tim Herbig
These are slides from two talks I gave at Product Tank Zurich and Product Tank Karlsruhe during fall 2018. Learn more about lateral leadership and how to apply it in your everyday life of working within cross-functional Agile teams in my book 'Lateral Leadership: A Practical Guide for Agile Product Managers': https://herbig.blog/book
Studies show that giving and receiving criticism is one of the most difficult interpersonal skills. Being able to accept and give criticism that is focused on the behaviour and not the person is a key ingredient for success. This session covers several strategies and techniques to build confidence to separate emotion from the situation of receiving or giving constructive criticism.
Area of Expertise: Designing Learning
Designing Learning Definition: Designing, creating and developing learning interventions to maximize the learning experience and impact
Workplace Application: Designed ILT course for government employees
Audience: 3000 judicial employees
Results: Improved efficiencies in process workflows
Similar to Time management-Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...
How to Perfect Your Time-Based Productivity - HRMATT Conference 2015Francis Wade
Audio available at http://goo.gl/CSRB9E
Time management is a misnomer as time cannot actually be managed. What are managed every day are "time demands" and in this presentation I show the 5 ways in which project team members manage the demands on their time. Human Resource professionals are uniquely situated to help employees improve their productivity by focusing on the handful of behaviors that make the biggest difference in an employee's productivity.
How'd you do that? Long Beach Presentation for ITCkfrisch
This is my powerpoint presentation from the 2012 ITC National Conference in Long Beach, CA on eLearning. The presentation was titled, "How'd You Do That? Tips and Tricks that might account for my 95% retention rate. Slides have more data on them then I'd like, but I tried to provide you with just the right amount of information to match what I talked about in the presentation itself. Thanks!
Similar to Time management-Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ... (20)
Costing labour cost -ECO 10- IGNOU
Labour
• This is the cost, incurred in the form of remuneration paid to the employees or labour of the organization. The workforce required to convert material into finished product is called labour. It can be direct or indirect.
• Direct Labour - The portion of wages and salaries which can be identified and charged to a single cost unit
• Indirect Labour - Cannot be directly related with the production of specific goods or service. Ex: Foreman, storekeeper, time keeeper etc
completion law 2002 FOR CA,CMA,CS ,MBA,BBA,BCOM,MCOM,,PROFESSIONAL
All businesses have a duty to act lawfully, but there are more practical reasons why compliance with competition law is particularly important.
On a broad level, the main aim of competition law is to ensure that markets remain competitive
• The Competition Act, 2002 was passed to encourage competition in markets in India.
• The Competition Act broadly covers anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominance and regulation of combinations.
• During combinations, i.e mergers or takeovers, the businesses of the transferor and transferee are to be studies from the point of view of anti-trust aspects(i.e Comeptition aspects). This process is competition law due diligence.
• Competition law due diligence involves examination of various agreements, check into the companies dominace and its’ abuse if any
Direct marketing consists of direct connections with carefully targeted individual consumers to both obtain an immediate response and cultivate lasting customer relationships
No intermediaries
An element of the promotion mix
Fastest-growing form of marketing
FOR CA, CMA,CS MBA, COMPUTER SCIENCE ,
The concept, scope, significance and need for compliance management
• Establishment of Compliance Management Framework
• Compliance Management process
• Systems approach to compliance management
• Apparent, Adequate and absolute compliance
• Role of Company Secretary in compliance management
Budgets highlights 2020 by fcma,cs,mba bibek
3mins Budget 2020 | Gender budget sees a drop
3mins 33 students from Wuhan reach Sri Lanka
3mins Budget 2020 | We wanted to make sure money is in people’s hands: Nirmala Sitharaman
6mins Budget 2020 | E-com platforms must deduct 1% TDS on transactions
8mins Budget 2020 | Cheer for science as key departments get a raise
12mins Kumar Mangalam Birla on Budget 2020: Taking the economic challenges head-on
14mins Budget 2020 | No more double taxation on dividends
16mins Budget 2020 | Pat for ‘Beti Padhao’ scheme comes in for flak
17mins ‘CAA-NRC-NPR, part of Hindutva project’
27mins Budget 2020 | Steep hike in Customs Duty to keep China toys out of reach
29mins Budget 2020 | Spending on space goes up by 8%
32mins Budget 2020: MSMEs turnover limit for audit increased
36mins Bottom-up approach to building economy
37mins Budget 2020 | Health care in focus with ₹69,000 crore outlay
3mins Budget 2020 | Gender budget sees a drop
3mins 33 students from Wuhan reach Sri Lanka
3mins Budget 2020 | We wanted to make sure money is in people’s hands: Nirmala Sitharaman
6mins Budget 2020 | E-com platforms must deduct 1% TDS on transactions
8mins Budget 2020 | Cheer for science as key departments get a raise
12mins Kumar Mangalam Birla on Budget 2020: Taking the economic challenges head-on
14mins Budget 2020 | No more double taxation on dividends
16mins Budget 2020 | Pat for ‘Beti Padhao’ scheme comes in for flak
17mins ‘CAA-NRC-NPR, part of Hindutva project’
27mins Budget 2020 | Steep hike in Customs Duty to keep China toys out of reach
29mins Budget 2020 | Spending on space goes up by 8%
32mins Budget 2020: MSMEs turnover limit for audit increased
36mins Bottom-up approach to building economy
37mins Budget 2020 | Health care in focus with ₹69,000 crore outlay
CH- 3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Bibek Prajapati
CH- 3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
FOR CS PROFESSONAL, CA, CMA
Definitions of Corporate Governance
• ICSI Principles of Corporate Governance
• Need for Corporate Governance
• Theories of Corporate Governance
• Evolution and Development of Corporate Governance
• Elements of Good Corporate Governance
The root of the word Governance is from ‘gubernate’, which means to steer. Corporate governance would mean to steer an organization in the desired direction. The responsibility to steer lies with the board of directors/governing board.
• Kautilya’s Arthashastra maintains that for good governance, all administrators, including the king were considered servants of the people. Good governance and stability were completely linked. There is stability if leaders are responsive, accountable and removable. These tenets hold good even today.
• Corporate Governance Basic theories: Agency Theory; Stock Holder Theory; Stake Holder Theory; Stewardship Theory
OECD has defined corporate governance to mean “A system by which business corporations are directed and controlled”. Corporate governance structure specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the company such as board, management, shareholders and other stakeholders; and spells out the rules and procedures for corporate decision making. By doing this, it provides the structure through which the company’s objectives are set along with the means of attaining these objectives as well as for monitoring performance.
CH -11 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERSBibek Prajapati
CH -11 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS
FOR CS PROFESSONAL, CA,CMA, MBA
Stakeholder Concept
• Recognition of Stakeholder Concept In Law
• Stakeholder Engagement
• Stakeholder Analysis
• Types of Stakeholders
• Caux Round Table
• Clarkson Principle of Stakeholder Management
• Governance Paradigm and Stakeholders
• Stakeholders provide resources that are more or less critical to a firm’s long-term success. These resources may be both tangible and intangible. Shareholders, for example, supply capital; suppliers offer material resources or intangible knowledge; employees and managers grant expertise, leadership, and commitment; customers generate revenue and provide infrastructure; and the society builds its positive corporate images.
• A director of a company shall act in good faith in order to promote the objects of the company for the benefit of its members as a whole, and in the best interest of the company, its employees, the community and the environment.
• Stakeholder engagement leads to increased transparency, responsiveness, compliance, organizational learning, quality management, accountability and sustainability. Stakeholder engagement is a central feature of sustainability performance.
• Primary stakeholders are those whose continued association is absolutely necessary for a firm’s survival; these include employees, customers, investors, and shareholders, as well as the governments and communities that provide necessary infrastructure.
• Secondary stakeholders do not typically engage in transactions with a company and thus are not essential for its survival; these include the media, trade associations, and special interest groups.
• Customers are considered as the king to drive the market and they can sometimes exercise influence by consolidating their bargaining power in order to get lower prices.
• The lenders put a check and balance on the governance practices of an organization to ensure safety of their fund and as a societal responsibility.
• The organization which builds a mutually strong relationship with its vendors improves its overall performance in the marketplace.
• The society provides the desired climate for successful operation of a company business. If society turns against the company, then business lose its faith in the eyes of other stakeholders be it government or customer.
FOR CS PROFESSIONAL, CA, CMA
Sustainable Development
• Role of Business in Sustainable Development
• Sustainability Terminologies
• Corporate Sustainability
• Corporate Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility
• KYOSEI & TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE (TBL)
• One of the fundamental characteristics of a corporate is perpetuity. In the eyes of law, it is treated as a separate legal entity which can hold assets and bear liabilities, can sue and be sued.
• The word sustainable is derived from sustain or sustained. The synonyms of the word sustained as per the Collins Thesaurus include perpetual, prolonged, steady.
• Sustainable development is a broad, concept that balances the need for economic growth with environmental protection and social equity.
• WCED recognized that the achievement of sustainable development could not be simply left to government regulators and policy makers. It recognized that industry has a significant role to play.
• Four fundamental Principle of Sustainable Development- Principle of Intergenerational equity; Principle of sustainable use; Principle of equitable use or intergenerational equity; Principle of integration.
• Corporate Sustainability is a business approach that creates long-term shareholder value by embracing opportunities and managing risks deriving from economic, environmental and social developments. corporate sustainability describes business practices built around social and environmental considerations • Key drivers need to be garnered to ensure sustainability - Internal Capacity Building strength; Social impact assessment; Repositioning capability; Corporate sustainability.
• Kyosei philosophy reflects a confluence of social, environmental, technological and political solutions. It works in five stages-- First is economic survival of the company. Second is cooperating with labour. Third is cooperating outside the company. Fourth is global activism, and fifth is making the government/s a Kyosei partner
• In 1999 Elkington developed the concept of the Triple Bottom Line which proposed that business goals were inseparable from the societies and environments within which they operate.
• The emergence of corporate responsibility, from being a niche interest of environmentalist and pressure groups to one public. Concern, has in part, stemmed from the realization that corporate governance and social and environmental performance are important elements of sustained financial profitability.
ETHICS AND GOVERNANCE CH 1
OR CS FINAL, CA, CMA MBA
• Governance through Inner consciousness
Business ethics is a form of applied ethics. In broad sense ethics in business is simply the application moral or ethical norms to business.
• The term ethics has its origin from the Greek word “ethos”, which refers to character or customs or accepted behaviors.
• Deontological ethics or deontology (Greek: (deon) meaning 'obligation' or 'duty') is an approach to ethics that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions.
• Teleology (Greek: telos: end, purpose) is the philosophical study of design and purpose.
• Enlightened-egoism. This model takes into account harms, benefits and rights.
• Utilitarianism is the idea that the moral worth of an action is solely determined by its contribution to overall utility.
• Relativism is the idea that some elements or aspects of experience or culture are relative to, i.e., dependent on, other elements or aspects.
• Justice is the concept of moral rightness in action or attitude; it is closely linked to fairness.
Organizations that value high ethics comply with the laws not only in spirit but go beyond what is stipulated or expected of them.
• (HRM) plays a decisive role in introducing and implementing ethics.
• Marketing ethics is the area of applied ethics which deals with the moral principles behind the operation and regulation of marketing
• Advantages ofbusiness ethics - attracting and retaining talent, investor loyalty, customer satisfaction and regulators.
• In making ethics work in an organization it is important that there is synergy between vision statement, mission statement, core values, general business principles and code of ethics.
• Ethics
• Business Ethics
• Concept of Business Ethics
• Ethics Philosophies
• Scope of Business Ethics
• Advantages of Business Ethics
SECRETARIAL AUDIT – AN OVERVIEW FOR CS, CMA. CA
Secretarial Audit – Concept
• objective, scope of secretarial audit
• Benefits and Beneficiaries
• Secretarial Audit process
• Professional Responsibilities and Penalties
• Secretarial Audit Report - Format
Secretarial Audit is a process to check compliance with the provisions of various laws and rules/regulations/procedures, maintenance of books, records etc
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE VOLUNTARY GUIDELINES 2009/MCA
Secretarial Audit is the process of verification of compliance with rules, procedures, maintenance of books, records etc.
• Complied with the provisions of various laws but also extends professional help to the company in carrying out effective compliances and establishment of proper systems with appropriate checks and balances.
• Its prove to be an effective and multipurpose mode to assure the regulator, generate and repose confidence amongst the shareholders
• Secretarial Audit is of immense benefit even to larger companies which otherwise have a whole-time Company Secretary in its employment.
The Companies Act, 1956 and the Rules made there under;
(ii) The Securities Contracts (Regulation) Act, 1956 (‘SCRA’) and the Rules made there under;
(iii) The Depositories Act, 1996 and the Regulations and Bye-laws framed there under;
(iv) Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 and the rules & regulations made there under;
(v) The following Regulations and Guidelines prescribed under SEBIAct, 1992 (‘SEBI Act’) which inter alia includes;
(a) SEBI(Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 2011;
(b) SEBI(Prohibition of Insider Trading) Regulations, 1992;
(c) SEBI(Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2009;
(d) SEBI(Employee Stock Option Scheme and Employee Stock Purchase Scheme) Guidelines, 1999;
(e) SEBI(Issue and Listing of Debt Securities) Regulations, 2008;
Eco 10 ,B COM, IGNOU-Elements of costing
ALL SO USEFUL FOR CA CMA, CS ,B COM, BBA. MBA
IGNOU BCOM ECO-10 (Elements of Costing) Study Material –Dear Learners, The full downloadable free study materials of ECO-10 (Elements of Costing) are listed below to facilitate your studies for securing good marks in upcoming term end examinations. Though, your performance in examination will mostly depend on your efforts only. Even though, I can assure you that the following study materials will proof to be cabalistic in your efforts.
Block- 1 Basic Concepts
Unit-1 Nature and Scope
Unit-2 Concept of Cost and Its Ascertainment
Block- 2 Materials and Labour
Unit-3 Procurement, Storage and Issue
Unit-4 Inventory Control
Unit-5 Pricing the Issue of Materials
Unit-6 Labour
Block- 3 Overheads
Unit-7 Classification and Distribution of Overheads
Unit-8 Absorption of Factory Overheads
Unit-9 Treatment of Other Overheads
Block-4 Methods of Costing
Unit-10 Unit Costing
Unit-11 Reconciliation of Cost Financial Accounts
Unit-12 Job and Contract Costing
Unit-13 Process Costing
1. Cost Accountancy
2. Cost Accounting
2.1 Definition of Cost Accounting 2.2 Objectives of Cost Accounting 2.3 Importance of Cost Accounting 2.4 Advantages of Cost Accounting 2.5 Limitations of Cost Accounting 2.6 Reports Generated by Cost Accounting Department
3. Installation of Cost Accounting System
3.1 Basic Considerations 3.2 Steps in Introduction 3.3 Essentials of a Good Cost Accounting System 3.4 Difficulties in Introduction
IGNOU -MCOM - MCO -7 financial management
Introduction
1.2 Need for Accounting
1.3 Definition of Accounting
1.4 Objectives of Accounting
1.5 Accounting as Part of the Information System
1.6 Branches of Accounting
1.6.1 Financial Accounting
1.6.2 Cost Accounting
1.6.3 Management Accounting
1.7 Role of Management Accountant
1.8 Financial Accounting Process
1.9 Accounting Equation
1.10 Accounting Concepts
1.10.1 Concepts to be Observed at the Recording Stage
1.10.2 Concepts to be Observed at the Reporting Stage
Definition of Cost Accounting 2.2 Objectives of Cost Accounting 2.3 Importance of Cost Accounting 2.4 Advantages of Cost Accounting 2.5 Limitations of Cost Accounting 2.6 Reports Generated by Cost Accounting Department
3. Installation of Cost Accounting System
3.1 Basic Considerations 3.2 Steps in Introduction 3.3 Essentials of a Good Cost Accounting System 3.4 Difficulties in Introduction
CSR
Concept of CSR
CSR and Corporate Governance
CSR related concepts
Legal aspect
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable — to itself, its stakeholders, and the public.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable — to itself, its stakeholders, and the public.
Balance of Triple Bottom line (Economy, Environment, society)
CSR-
CORPORAT SOCIAL RESPONSIBLITY
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable — to itself, its stakeholders, and the public.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable — to itself, its stakeholders, and the public.
Balance of Triple Bottom line (Economy, Environment, society)
Concept of CSR
CSR and Corporate Governance
CSR related concepts
Legal aspect
Manage your Money. Managing one's money need not be boring. Regulate your expenses wisely. Maintain a personal balance sheet. Dealing with surplus cash judiciously. Create your personal investment Portfolio. Planning for Retirement. Manage your Debt wisely. Get your risks covered.
Manage your Money. Managing one's money need not be boring. Regulate your expenses wisely. Maintain a personal balance sheet. Dealing with surplus cash judiciously. Create your personal investment Portfolio. Planning for Retirement. Manage your Debt wisely. Get your risks covered.
Manage your Money. Managing one's money need not be boring. Regulate your expenses wisely. Maintain a personal balance sheet. Dealing with surplus cash judiciously. Create your personal investment Portfolio. Planning for Retirement. Manage your Debt wisely. Get your risks covered.
BANKS AND LOAN PRODUCTS
Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, .
Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...
Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, .....
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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Time management-Financial Planning: Updates on Financial Planning, Tips to manage money. Know about importance of Financial Planning, rules of financial planning, ...
1. -Source - Seven Habits Of Highly Effective
People
-by Stephen Covey
2. I M POSSIBLE
2
I M POSSIBLE
Bibek Prajapati
(FCMA, CS , MBA, M COM, ).
My kind request for you Please like , subscribe ,comment and don’t forget to share
Pray to God for the success in Life
Thank You
3. Few questions
Do you find 24 hours to
be less in a day
Do you often fail to
meet the deadlines
Do you find time to be
with your family and
friends
Do you find relaxing
time; reading time;
playing time etc.
…….
4. Four Quadrants
Our time is
normally
divided
into four
categories
/
quadrants
Urgent Not Urgent
Important Quadrant 1 Quadrant 2
Not
Important
Quadrant 3 Quadrant 4
5. Where do you spend your time
Urgent Not Urgent
Important Quadrant 1 Quadrant 2
Not Important Quadrant 3 Quadrant 4
6. Example of a Student
Urgent Not Urgent
Important
Quadrant 1
Prepares for exam
at the last minute
Quadrant 2
Prepares for exam
well before the exam
Not Important
Quadrant 3
Spends most of the
time in completing
friends notes
Quadrant 4
A Lazy person not
bothered of his / her
exam
7. Example of an Executive
Urgent Not Urgent
Important
Quadrant 1
Work done at the last
minute
Quadrant 2
Work planned and
executed well before
the dead line
Not Important
Quadrant 3
Attending to friends
phone call for 2 – 3
hours
Quadrant 4
A Lazy person –
always sleeping and
doing time pass
8. Quadrant 3 & 4
You now know what kind of persons lie in the
quadrant 4 (Irresponsible / Lazy)
Quadrant 3 persons may be very hardworking but they
do not succeed since they spend most of their time in
doing unimportant things
9. Quadrant 1
Quadrant 1 persons are always in a hurry as they
are doing jobs which are important and urgent
Since the quadrant 1 persons are always in a rush, they
never find time and peace of mind
Their efficiency is never optimum (ask yourself when
you do any thing in a rush do you get the perfect /
required results)
10. Quadrant 2
Quadrant 2 people always plan their schedule well.
They set their own targets and complete the same before
the deadlines
They have ample of time and peace of mind
Their efficiency is always very high (ask yourself – outcome
of a job when it is done in a cool manner)
11. Reality
Not a single person in this world actually belongs to one
particular quadrant.
Every persons time is divided in the four quadrants. For
Example
Urgent Not Urgent
Important
Quadrant 1
30%
Quadrant 2
30%
Not Important
Quadrant 3
10%
Quadrant 4
30%
12. An Ideal Mix
Urgent
Not
Urgent
Important
Quadrant 1
5%
Quadrant 2
80%
Not
Important
Quadrant 3
10%
Quadrant 4
5%
No matter how much you plan
you will require some time to
spend in this quadrant. So
always be ready for it.
Spend most of the time in
this quadrant. Move your
time from other quadrant to
this quadrant. Your
efficiency will increase and
so will your peace of mid
Like it or not some of
your time will be taken
by Quadrant 3 and
Quadrant 4, But one
should keep the time
in these two quadrants
at its minimum
13. I M POSSIBLE
13
I M POSSIBLE
Bibek Prajapati
(FCMA, CS , MBA, M COM, ).
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Pray to God for the success in Life
Thank You
