This document discusses mental health and mental illness. It defines mental health as a balance between the integrated body, mind and spirit with the environment. Components of mental health include self-governance, growth orientation, tolerance of uncertainty, self-esteem, and mastery of the environment. Factors influencing mental health are inherited characteristics, nurturing during childhood, and life circumstances. General characteristics of mentally healthy individuals are also outlined. Mental illness is defined as a disturbance due to social, psychological, genetic, physical or biological factors that causes dysfunction or impairment. General criteria for mental illness are then discussed.

1. Mental Health and Mental Illness
BY
DR / WAFAA OSMAN
LECTURER OF PSYCHIATRIC MENTAL HEALTH NURSING

2. Objectives:
At the end of this lecture, each student
should be able to:
Discuss the parameters of mental health and mental
illness through :
Define the mental health and mental illness
Describe the component of mental health
Identify Factors influencing mental health
Differentiate between the general characteristic of
mental health and mental illness

3. Concept of Mental
Health
WHO defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental,
and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity”.
We say that someone is mentally healthy when we observe in the
person a balance between the integrated body, mind and spirit
and the environment.
Mental health; is the adjustment of human beings through his
interaction with the environment to maintain satisfactory
equilibrium. Levels of adjustment
Unadjusted Less → adjusted → Adjusted.

4. Components : of mental health the include
Self-governance: The person demonstrates autonomy.
Growth orientation: progress toward self-realization,
maximization of capacities.
Tolerance of uncertainty: The person faces the
uncertainty of living
Self-esteem: built on self-knowledge and awareness of
talents, abilities, and limitations.
Mastery of the environment:, capable, competent, and
creative in dealing with and influencing the environment.
Reality orientation: distinguishes
Stress management: experiences

5. Three Factors influencing mental health
1. Inherited characteristics.
2. Nurturing during childhood.
3. Life circumstances: include success in
school, financial security, good physical health or
a successful marriage.

6. General characteristics of mentally health
individual
Mentally healthy is
Able to work well alone and with others.
Accepts responsibility for his actions.
Is able to give and receive.
Is optimistic.
Is able to express feelings.
Is able to solve problems.
Is able to benefit from rest and sleep.
Can recognize limitations (abilities and deficiencies).
Is able to form meaning full relationships.
Is able to make sound judgments and decisions.
Can take care of his hygiene and clothes in a manner, which
conforms to the standards of his society.
Is able to cope success fully with stress, that is mean,
a person can return t normal functioning if temporarily disturbed.
Is able to distinguish fact from fantasy or the real world from
a dream

7. mental disorder
Defining mental disorder
The American psychiatric Association's defined:
mental illness or disorder as an illness with
psychologic or behavioural manifestations and/or
impairment in functioning due to a social,
psychological, genetic, physical or biological
disturbance.

8. General criteria for mental Illness include
Dissatisfaction with one’s characteristics, abilities and
accomplishments. Dissatisfaction with one’s place in the world
Ineffective or unsatisfying interpersonal relationships, is unable
to establish a meaningful relationship .
Ineffective coping or adaptation to the events in one’s life as well
as a lack of personal growth.
Irresponsible or unable to accept responsibility for actions.
 Doesn't recognize limitations (abilities and deficiencies).
Exhibits dependency needs because of feelings of inadequacy.
unable to see reality.
Is pessimistic.
Poor self concept.
Desires or demands immediate gratification.

9. BBuutt aa ppeerrssoonn wwhhoo hhaass
mmeennttaall hheeaalltthh iissssuuee hhaass aa
““bbrrookkeenn bbrraaiinn

10. Conclusion
Overall, mental health is an
issue that effects everyone.
And hopefully, throughout the
years, education will curve
the stigma of these brain
disorders so that hate, bias
judgment and discrimination
will be gone.