perspectives of mental health nursing

1. INTRODUCTION
TO MENTAL
HEALTH AND
MENTAL HEALTH
NURSING
unit 1

2. MENTAL HEALTH :Definition
– A state of wellbeing in which an individual realizes his or
her own abilities, can cope with normal stresses of life,
can work productively and is able to make a contribution
to his or her community
WHO

3. INDICATORS OF MENTAL
HEALTH
– Jahoda (1958) has identified six indicators of
mental health which include:

4. A positive attitude towards self
– This includes an objective view of self, including
knowledge and acceptance of strengths and limitations.
The individual feels a strong sense of personal identity
and security within the environment.

5. Growth, development and the ability for
self
actualization
– This indicator correlates with whether the individual
successfully achieves the tasks associated with each level
of development.

6. Integration
– Integration includes the ability to adaptively respond to the
environment and the development of a philosophy of life, both of
which help the individual maintain anxiety at a manageable level in
response to stressful situations.

7. Autonomy
– Refers to the individual's ability to perform, in an
independent self-directed manner; the
individual makes choices and accepts responsibility for the
outcomes.

8. Perception of reality
– Mentally healthy person remain free from
misinterpretation of reality,live in a real world,
demonstrating empathy, having social sensitivity
(understanding) and are away from fantasy

9. 6.
Environmental mastery
– This indicator suggests that the individual has achieved a
satisfactory role within the
group, society or environment. He is able to love and accept
the love of others.

10. Components of mental health
Positive thoughts about self
and others
Maintaning healthy
relatinship
Accepting
and
expressing
emotions

11. Characteristics of mentally healthy
person

12. – He has an ability to make adjustments.
– He has a sense of personal worth, feels worthwhile and important.
– He solves his problems largely by his own effort and makes his
own decisions.
– He has a sense of personal security and feels secure in a group,
shows understanding of
other people's problems and motives.

13. – He has a sense of responsibility. He can give and accept
love.
– He lives in a world of reality rather than fantasy.
– He shows emotional maturity in his behavior, and
develops a capacity to tolerate frustration and
disappointments in his daily life.

14. – He has developed a philosophy of life that gives meaning and
purpose to his daily activities.
– He has a variety of interests and generally lives a well-balanced life
of work, rest and recreation.

15. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
MENTAL HEALTH
– Accept self and others
MENTAL ILLNESS
– feelings of inadequecy,poor
selfconcept

16. – ability to cope or
tolerate stress
– inability to
cope,maladaptive
behaviour

17. – ability to form close
and lasting
relationship
– inability to establish
a meaningfull
relationship

18. – use sound judgement
to make decision
– displays poor
judgement

19. – accept responsibility
for own action
– inability to accept

20. – optimistic – pessimistic

21. – recognizes limitations – does not recognize
limitations

22. – can function
effectively
– exhibits dependency
needs

23. – able to perceive
imagined
circumstances from
reality
– inability to perceive
reality

24. – able to develop
potential and talents
to fullfill extends
– does not recognize
potential and talents
due to poor self
concept

25. – able to solve problem – avoids problem rather
than handling

26. – can delay immediate
gratification
– desires or demands
immediate
gratifications

27. criteria of mental health
– Adequate contact with reality
– Control of thoughts and imagination
– Efficiency in work and play
– Social acceptance
– Positive self-concept
– A healthy emotional life

28. MENTAL ILLNESS
– Mental and behavioral disorders are understood
as clinically significant conditions characterized by
alterations in thinking, mood (emotions) or
behavior associated with personal distress and or
impaired functioning. WHO

29. CHARACTERISTICS OF
MENTALLY ILL
– Changes in one's thinking, memory, perception,
feeling and judgment resulting in changes in talk
and behavior which appear to be deviant from
previous personality or from the norms of
community

30. – These changes in behavior cause distress and
suffering to the individual or others or both
– Changes and the consequent distress cause
disturbance in day-to-day activities,work and
relationship with important others (social and
vocational dysfunction).