1. The document discusses the need for translation between languages, especially from English to other languages in developing countries to spread information and knowledge. 2. It defines translation as transferring meaning from the source language to the target language while maintaining the overall meaning, even if the structure or words change. 3. The document outlines several challenges in translation including differences in language structures, culture, technical terms, and time constraints, and describes various translation methods along a spectrum from word-for-word to meaning-based approaches.

1. L/O/G/O
Translation
by: Ms. Khairani Ade Guswita, M.Pd.

2. Why Do We Have to Translate?

3. Why Do We Have to Translate?
• Developing countries
(Information : Science and Technology)
• Many books were written from foreign
language (esp. English)

4. Why Do We Have to Translate?
• To communicate with others
Can you imagine when
we communicate with
others
without knowing the
meaning?

5. Shoul We Use Sign Language?
Miss Interpretation (Different Culture)
Ex: Indian and Western

6. Definition Translation (Expert)
Translation as a transfer of meaning from the source
language to the target language would never
changes the meaning although the form changes
(Larson, 1984).
Translation is a procedure which leads from a written
source language text to an optimally equivalent target
language text and requires the syntactic, semantic, and
text pragmatic comprehension by the translator of the
original text (Wills in Choliludin, 2007).

7. It can be concluded that
translation is an activity of
changing the language from one
language (source language) to
another language (target
language) by giving the closest
equivalent without changing the
meaning.
Conclusion
Definition Translation

8. What Are The Problems of Translation?
1. Structure of the Language
5. Lack of Technical Knowledge
2. Cultural Differences
3. Compound Words
4. Missing Terms
7. Limited Time
6. Words with Several Meaning
Source: https://www.translateday.com/
translation-problems-and-solutions/

9. Translation Process
Nida and Taber (1982: 33) distinguish translation process into three
stages:
(1) Analysis, in which the surface structure is analyzed in terms of (a)
the grammatical relationships and (b) the meaning of the words
and combinations of words
(2) Transfer, in which the analyzed material is transferred in the mind
of the translator from language A to language B
(3) Restructuring, in which the transferred material is restructured in
order to make the final message fully acceptable in the receptor
language

10. Translation Process

11. Translation Method
Source
Text
Target
Text
Word-
for-word
Adaptation
Literal
Faithful
Semantic
Free
Idiomatic
Communicative
According to Newmark in
Ordudary (45:2007)

12. Translation Method (Source Text)
Word-for-word Translation
It is translation based on the arrangement of
word in the source language. This kinds of
translation is very useful to know the form and
the arrangement or words of the SL line by line
without learning it clearly.
Saya akan membaca sebuah buku besok.
I will read a book tomorrow.
Dia akan datang ke sini segera.
He will come here soon.
Example

13. Translation Method (Source Text)
Literal Translation
It as structural translation, divides a source material
into a group-group or clause translation. It keeps the
basic meaning, but makes changes in conformity with
target language grammar (there are any changing on the
word formation but change does not change the meaning
of the sentence).
Dia gadis yang sangat cantik.
She is very beautiful girl.
Example

14. Translation Method (Source Text)
Faithful Translation
It attempts to produce the precise contextual
meaning of the original within the constraints of
the TL grammatical structures.
Saya benar-benar hanya mempunyai sedikit teman
I have quite a few friends.
Example

15. Translation Method (Source Text)
SemanticTranslation
Which differs from ‘faithful translation’ only in
as far as it must take more account of the
aesthetic value of the SL text.
Dilarang menginjak rumput.
Keep off the grass.
Example

16. Translation Method (Target Text)
Adaptation Translation
Used when the limit to translation is been reached.
When a simple translation would not work or it would
produce a result that is shocking in the target language
and culture. (it is the freest form of translation, and is
used mainly for plays (comedies) and poetry; themes,
characters.

17. Translation Method (Target Text)
Free Translation
It is always unbounded: equivalences, the rank
scale, but tend to be at the higher rank,
sometimes between longer units than the
sentence. There is no special rule to do this
activity.
Dia baik hati.
His hearth is in the right place.
Example

18. Translation Method (Source Text)
Idiomatic Translation
It reproduces the ‘message’ of the original but
tends to distort nuances of meaning by
preferring colloquialisms and idioms where these
do not exist in the original.
Maaf, apa maksud anda?
Excuse me?
Example

19. Translation Method (Target Text)
It attempts to render the exact contextual meaning of
the original in such a way that both content and
language are readily acceptable and comprehensible to
the readership.
Communicative Translation

20. L/O/G/O
Thank You!