1. The document discusses how audiences, institutions, and distributions in the film industry are changing with new technologies and how each must adapt. It provides examples of how audiences now have easy access to films anywhere through streaming services like Netflix and can watch high quality 3D films at home. 2. Issues facing the industry include piracy costs and TV box sets threatening films. Institutions are adapting through using CGI, digital cameras, and online premieres. Distributions now rely on trailers, social media, website reviews, and deals with distributors to promote films. Both independent films and reaching niche audiences present ongoing issues.

1. Media Studies
Revision – Paper 2
Looking at Audience, Institutions and Distributions, with issues
they each face and examples throughout.
How the audience changes the cinema, and how the film industry and independent
film makers will adapt in order to benefit themselves in the change.

2. Audience
1. Software: easy access to anywhere in the world, giving films and tv to everyone.
- Example: Netflix: 11million+ subscribers, 180+ films updated each month including new releases such as ‘Captain
America: The Winter Soldier (2014)’ but also independent films like ‘Blue Ruin’ (2013).
2. Game Consoles: allows home cinemas, allows streaming, high quality graphics due to gaming – more
immersive experience than just TV, closer to cinema.
- Example: PS4, 54% Americans stream on game consoles, 19 million Americans own game consoles.
3. 3D Home Cinemas: allowing CGI and 3D films to be watched at home, do not have to go to the cinema.
- Example: SONY BDVE4100.CEK 5.1 Smart 3D Blu-ray Home Cinema System, £300.
4. Digital Technologies: films can be watched differently, access through multiple websites and consoles.
- Example: On Demand, iPod, Smartphone.
5. TV Deals: deals with distributors to show latest releases
- Example: Sky TV, Virgin Media

3. Audience - Issues
1. Piracy issues: people stealing films illegally and releasing them to the public, costs the industry millions.
2. TV Box Sets: TV shows are threatening the film industry, with the release of box sets.
- Example: Game of Thrones.
This has caused the film industry to change and adapt, changing what types of films are made and how the
audience should receive them. IF THERE IS A CHANGE IN TECHNOLOGY THERE IS A CHANGE IN SOCIAL
BEHAVIOUR. = audiences have adapted from newspapers, radio, TV to cinema. These are different ways people are
adapting.

4. Institutions
1. CGI/Green Screen/Post Production:
- Example:
2. Digital Cameras:
- Example:
3. Extra add ons: cinemas now offer more things along with just a film.
- Example:
4. Online Premiere: releasing the film online rather than into cinemas.
- Example: Jackass released their film online to hit the target audience.
5. Synergy: The use of other products (clothing, toys, food, soundtracks) in order to create a self-promoting
system.
- Example: Jurassic Park/Jurassic World – LEGO games and sets, clothing, toys, costumes etc.

5. Distribution
1. Trailers:
- Example:
2. Social Media:
- Example
3. Website Reviews:
- Example
4. Synergy Music Release:
- Example:
5. Deals with distributors:
6. Chat shows:
7. 2for1 tickets:
8. Red Carpet:

6. Distribution - Issues
1. Cost for Independent films:
2. Cultural Imperialism:
3. Niche audience: