Download as PDF, PPTX
More Related Content
![[경북] 카보랩 기업 서비스](https://cdn.slidesharecdn.com/ss_thumbnails/1-151105094006-lva1-app6892-thumbnail.jpg?width=640&height=640&fit=bounds)
Mechanical Webinar 2011
- 1. Modeling Mechanical SystemInteractions in Flowmaster Automotive Fuel Injection and Aircraft Hydraulics Actuation System Examples Sudhi Uppuluri Shayne Ziegler Arlie Nuetzel Computational Sciences Flowmaster USA Flowmaster USA Expert Group USA Call-in Number: 1-631-267-4890 Click “Global Call-in numbers for other regions Access Code: 958 533 404
- 2. Agenda • Overview ofFlowmaster • Introduction to Electro-Mechanical Components • Case Study: Aircraft Hydraulic Actuation System • Case Study: Gasoline Fuel Injection System • Question & Answer Session 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 3. Flowmaster Overview -Analysis Capabilities • Incompressible and compressible analysis • Water, Oil, Fuel, compressible air, natural gas, etc… • Mach Number / choking considerations for compressible • Steady state scenarios • Snapshot results for given system conditions • Transient scenarios • Time changing results in response to varying conditions. • Examples: • Aircraft flight profile (long transient) • Valve/ pump shutdown - Fluid Inertia Considerations (fast transient) • Bleed air pneumatics and boundary condition varying transients. • Thermal Transient 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 4. Flowmaster Overview -Analysis Capabilities • Heat transfer • Pipe Heat Transfer • Heat Exchanger • Solids Components: Complex or Conjugate Heat Transfer (Convection, radiation, conduction) • Thermal analysis throughout the system. • Design Options • Sizing Flow Balancing • Parametric Analysis • Built – in Features • COM Automation with Excel 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 5. Flowmaster Overview -Analysis Capabilities • Aerospace • Gas / Liquid Interface Tanks for Propulsion • Body Forces Analysis for Fuel Systems • ECS Pack Components and Humidity • Automotive • Under hood Airflows / Segmented Analysis • Lubrication Bearing Models • AC Systems / Cabin Comfort Model • Gas Turbine • Secondary Flows: Swirl Solver, Cavity Analysis, Radial, Axial, and Tangential flow vectors • Combustion: Conjugate Heat Transfer and Equilibrium Heat Release (custom) • Oil and Gas • GIS Data Import • Pipeline Profile (Excel Data / Pods) Import. • Pipeline Results Analyzer • Buried and Partially Buried Pipe Heat Transfer Options 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 6. Flowmaster In Aerospace WhereCan Flowmaster Be Used In Aerospace? • ECS Systems • Bleed Air Systems • Ice Protection Systems • Fuel Systems • Hydraulic Systems • Potable Water Systems 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 7. Aerospace Fuel SystemExample 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 8. Flowmaster In Automotive 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 9. Automotive Cooling Example Cooling System Cabin airside Under hood Airflow Drive Cycles Lubrication System 2011© Flowmaster Group ©
- 10. Introduction to Electro-MechanicalComponents
- 11. Introduction to Electromechanical Components Damper Spring End Stop Port Force Solenoid Mass Earth Lever Lever Spacer Friction Piston: Piston: Compressible Double Single Cylinder Acting Acting 2011© Flowmaster Group ©
- 12. Introduction to Electromechanical Components DCV: DCV: DCV: DCV: 2 port 3 Port 4 Port 4 Port Hydraulic Hybrid Elastic Pipe PD Pump Motor Pump (MOC) Cylinder: Cylinder: Cylinder: Volume 1R1A 1R2A 2R2A 2011© Flowmaster Group ©
- 13. Introduction to Electromechanical Components Mechanical - Fluid Interaction Modeling • Spool Valve • Fuel Injector Valve Reference: virtual.cvut.cz/dynlab/courseModeling/node43.html Reference: www.answers.com/topic/fuel-injection 2011© Flowmaster Group ©
- 14. Introduction to Electromechanical Components: Fluid Transients 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 15. Introduction to Electromechanical Components: Fluid Transients Pressure waves travel through the pipe at the speed of sound. The passage of these waves is calculated using the Method of Characteristics, assuming a constant wave speed. Pressure in the system is directly related to velocity (flow rate). In transient events flow rate changes cause pressure fluctuations (and vice versa). For rapid transient events the pressure rise is: ∆P = a * ρ* ∆v Where: ∆P = Pressure change in fluid ρ = Liquid density ∆v = Velocity change 1 a = Wave speed 1 d k tE ‘Fluid Transients in Systems', Wylie & Streeter, Published by Prentice Hall 1993, ISBN 0-13- 322173 -3. 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 16. Investigation: Pressure SurgeTransient Analysis 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 17. Investigation: Pressure SurgeTransient Analysis 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 18. Introduction to Electromechanical Components Force End Stop Earth Port Spring Damper Mass 2011© Flowmaster Group ©
- 19. Introduction to Electromechanical Components 2011© Flowmaster Group ©
- 20. Aerospace Applications ofMechanical Components Arlie Nuetzel Applications Engineer Flowmaster USA, Inc
- 21. Mechanical System Challenges •System Sizing • Pump Capacity • Pressure Requirements • System Volume • Hydraulic Power vs. Speed • Packaging • Survivability • Failure Modes • Redundancy • System Interactions • Resonance • Cavitation • Controller Oscillation 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 22. Standard PD PumpComponent • Hydraulic PD pump • Pseudo-transient, time averaged output Pressure Gauge Speed Controller 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 23. PD Pump OutputResults Pressure Gauge Speed Controller 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 24. Developing a MechanicalPD Pump Model • Piston Based • Equation of Motion: • Controller Script: • Inlet/Outlet Valves • Simple Check Behavior 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 25. PD Pump ModelPerformance 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 26. Three Piston PDPump 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 27. Transient Results • fd 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 28. RPM sweep tofind resonance 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 29.
- 30.
- 31. Hydraulic System Modeling • Pump • Flap Actuator • Slats Actuator • Landing Gear • Door Actuator • Gear Actuator 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 32. Flap/Slat Actuator • Directional Control Valve • Flow Restrictor • Hydraulic Motor • Jack Screw (controller) 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 33. Landing Gear Actuator • Directional Control Valve • Flow Restrictor • Hydraulic Piston • Mechanicals • Mass • End Stop • Earth 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 34. Control Surface positions •Master Controller 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 35.
- 36. Custom Display 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©
- 37.
- 38. Fuel Injector DynamicsModeling Sudhi Uppuluri Principal Investigator Computational Sciences Experts Group (781) 640-2329
- 39. Fuel Injector DynamicsModeling Sudhi Uppuluri, Principal Investigator Computational Sciences Experts Group, LLC (www.cseg.us)
- 40. WE ARE CSEG Wedon’t sell software. We bring our modeling expertise and make your CAE software do advanced stuff. The stuff you bought the software to do to begin with.
- 41. Where CSEG fitsin Augment your team with expert simulation capability Your Design • Deep expertise on Team CSEG system modeling • Brings best-in-class tools to the table • Added resource to your design team Don’t just buy software. Add simulation capability to your team.
- 42. A smart approachto simulation Traditional approach CSEG approach • Evaluate which software to buy • CSEG does the analysis and provides with a trial license you with a simulation answers • Purchase software tool quickly(CSEG bring the right tools and manpower to the table) • Schedule and pay for training • Go through the learning curve of • Choose the right software once the the tool while building the model analysis is done (CSEG provides the • Spend ~2-3 yrs gaining models) competence and confidence on modeling with the new tool Very cost-effective Expensive approach Have simulation answers quickly (with Lost opportunity costs confidence in them) Simulation tool not effective during Meet your analysis deadlines the initial period Significantly shorten the learning Software training does not cover your curve application. Get calibrated model of your system built by experts immediately.
- 43. Our Approach • We focus on the problem, combining the right tools to provide accurate answers for your simulation challenge – not the tool any one company is selling. CSEG maintains licenses for best in class COTS tools providing instant technical capability expansion to your projects. System Tools CFD Tools • Flowmaster* • Ansys Fluent • Amesim • STAR-CD • Gamma Technologies Other Optimization Tools • Matlab/Simulink • iSight* • Can integrate your • ModeFrontier in-house software with COTS
- 44. Gasoline Direct Injection • Simplified Example of electronically controlled gasoline direct injection system * Example layout from Wikipedia, retrieved Oct 2011
- 45. The system model Engine Control Unit (Simulink) Cylinder firing Fuel Timing, Voltages consumption Integrate with engine control to evaluate and optimize fuel consumption Precise engine- management software to accurately tailor fuel-injection timing and duration
- 46. 1D translation ofthe injector * Reference from Advanced Engine Technology, Heinz Heisler
- 47. Modeling Considerations (Mechanical) Coefficient of restitution to model needle bouncing
- 48. Modeling Considerations (Fluid) Pressure waves inside the passages Combustion chamber pressure Cd Discharge Coefficient
- 49. Injector Dynamics 1 2 3 Flow rate fluctuations from 1 supply pressure variations 2 Needle bouncing Pressure waves from needle 3 closure
- 50.
- 51. Which variables shouldI really spend a lot of time getting right ? What about: supply pressure fluctuations? Coefficient of Discharge? Needle mass?
- 52. Parameter study • Sensitivitystudy of select input parameters performed using Isight by Simulia. • Isight linked with Flowmaster through MS Excel • Automated input generation, runs and results extraction
- 53. Parameter Study (an example) Shows effect of select variables on amount of fuel injected Extremely Important that we get the needle port area, Cd and fluctuations in the supply pressure accurately characterized. Variables such as Coefficient of Restitution, and fuel filter loss were not that important in this case. * Analysis using Isight by Simulia
- 54. Parameter Study (an example) Fluctuations in mass of fuel injected Fluctuations in input parameters * Analysis using Isight by Simulia
- 55. Calculating Cd • Dischargecoefficient directly affects the fuel flow rate through the injector. • Cd is typically a function of injector port area. • Few ways of determining Cd – Literature indicates Cd range from 0.690.73 (references avbl) with some examples much higher. – CFD is a good way to determine the Cd for your particular injector (at varying port openings) (predictive) – Can back-calculate from available test data (non-predictive)
- 56. FURTHER Sudhi Uppuluri has over 14 years of experience in the simulation industry. He DISCUSSION worked as a consulting engineer and sales manager at Flowmaster USA for 8 years .He has various technical publications on related subjects in SAE and AIAA journals. He holds a Masters in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and a Certificate in Strategy and Innovation from the MIT Sloan School of business. Contact: Sudhi Uppuluri Principal Investigator Sudhi.uppuluri@cseg.us (781) 640 2329 www.cseg.us
- 57. Question & AnswerSession Thank you for attending! Please use the “Raise hand” icon to ask technical questions... For additional information, please contact… Flowmaster Sales inquires: Flowmaster Support inquires: Us-sales@flowmaster.com Us-support@flowmaster.com 847-901-4224 847-901-4242 Sudhi Uppuluri Principal Investigator Computational Sciences Experts Group (781) 640-2329 2011© Flowmaster Group © ©